Application of information technologies in the educational process. The introduction of new information technologies to education to the internal reasons for the introduction of information technologies belongs

Test on discipline Pedagogical technologies.

Option 1

Answer

1Pedagogical technology is:
A) system of operation of all components of the pedagogical process;
B) accurate instrumental management of the educational process and guaranteed success in achieving the supplied pedagogical purposes;
C) the organization of the course of training sessions in accordance with the training objectives;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

2Massing and the introduction of pedagogical technologies is referred to the middle of the last century:
A) 40s;
B) 50s;
C) 70s;
D) of the 80s;
E) no correct answer

3Prigally under the pedagogical technology was understood as an attempt to the technicalization of the educational process, the result of which was the creation of programmed learning, theoretical basis Which was designed:
A) D. Dewey;
B) B.F.Skinner;
C) G.K. Seleevko;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

4Pedagogical technology characterizes:
A) systemicity;
B) cyclicity;
C) pragmatic;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

A 5-significant contribution to the development of studies in the field of pedagogical technologies is made:
A) Bespalko VP;
B) pidetsystem IP;
C) Slayshenin VA;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

6 Color the hierarchy of the vertical structure of pedagogical technologies, starting with the smallest:
metatechnology - 2;
Microtechnology - 3;
A) 3,2,4,1;
B) 3,4,1,2;
C) 3,1,4,2;
D) 3,2,1,4;
E) no correct answer

7Technologies aimed at solving narrow operational tasks and related to individual interaction or self-type of the pedagogical process subjects is:
A) microtechnology;
B) macrotechnology;
C) metatechnology;
D) mesotechnology;
E) no correct answer

8 Asset, which is included in the horizontal structure of the ped.Technology, where the technology is represented by the model describing the goals, contents, methods and means, the actions applied to the results of the results:
A) scientific aspect;
C) evaluation aspect;
D) formal-descriptive aspect;
E) no correct answer

9B conceptual part of pedagogical technology includes:

D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

10Edin a pedagogical process is:
A) Pedagogical situation;
B) pedagogical task;
C) student;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

11tharticles were not prepared for a lesson. Teacher's task is to include students in the lesson. Determine the type of task:
A) strategic task;
B) tactical task;
C) operational task;
D) traditional task;
E) no correct answer

12 Addly post the stages of solving pedagogical tasks:
Prognostic Stage -1.
Analytical stage -2.
Reflexing Stage -3.
Procedure Stage - 4
A) 1,2,4,3;
B) 2,1,3,4;
C) 1,4,2,3;
D) 2,1,4,3;
E) no correct answer

13 There is a stage of solving a peddle. Tasks takes place of existing means of achieving results, designing impact or interaction?
A) on the analytical stage;
B) at the procedural stage;
C) on the prognostic stage;
D) at the reflective stage;
E) no correct answer

14How the level of activity in the educational process is characterized by the desire of the student to understand, remember and reproduce knowledge, master the ways of applying knowledge according to the sample:
A) creative;
B) interpreting;
C) reproducing;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

A) game technologies;

D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

16 The levels of the management process allocate the following business games:
A) situational, complex games;
B) training, designer games;
C) imitation, operational games;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

17B Modeling Stage of the Business Game Technology includes:
A) formulation of a common goal;
C) Development of a business game project describing a specific situation;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

The 18th system of limited social interaction of the teacher and students, the content of which is the exchange of information, the provision of educational impact is:
A) the process of upbringing;
B) pedagogical process;
C) vocational pedagogical communication;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

19Pedagogical monitoring is:
A) Long tracking for any objects and phenomena ped. reality;
B) the process of implementing pedagogical problems;
C) system of functioning of the pedagogical process;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

20Who lies at the basis of the classification of monitoring on pedagogical, sociological, psychological, medical, economic, demographic?
A) monitoring goals;
B) scope;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

21Pedagogical diagnostics is part:
A) pedagogical process;
B) pedagogical monitoring;
C) pedagogical activities;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

22function of monitoring, which gives you the opportunity to get information about the state of the object, to ensure feedback - this is:
A) information function;
B) analytical function;
C) correctional function;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

The monitoring 23 monitoring, characterized by the collection and processing of information, analysis of the results obtained and the development of recommendations, predicting the prospects for changing the area under study is:
A) regulatory installation stage;
C) diagnostic and prognostic;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

24k What stage of monitoring refers to the definition of the object, subject, subject, goals and tasks of pedagogical monitoring?
A) to the regulatory and installation;
B) to diagnostic and prognostic;
C) to correctional activity;
D) to the final diagnostic;
E) no correct answer

25-strokes of classes using information technology is carried out on the basis of the following steps: Conceptual, stage ped. Dealization, stage of reflection and correction, technological stage. What stage is not named?
A) analytical;
B) Operational;
C) operational;
D) communicative;
E) no correct answer

26K principles of learning applied in information technology does not apply:
A) the principle of starting knowledge;
B) the principle of integration;
C) the principle of information security;
D) the principle of modeling;
E) no correct answer

27VIDS remote training sessions, the main purpose of which is to attract listeners:
A) introductory classes;
B) demonstration classes;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

28Pedagogical software for methodological purposes are divided into:
A) gyms;
B) communicative;
C) analytical;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

29V the duties of the tutor comes:
A) support of the educational process;
C) conducting remote activities;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

30kone pedagogical tasks leak out of the general purpose of education, are formed in the form of ideas about the basis of human base culture, are given from the outside, reflecting the objective needs of society?
A) tactical;
B) operational;
C) strategic;
D) didactic;
E) no correct answer

Option 2.

Answer

1I General Technology - this is:
A) a set of techniques used in any kind, skill, art;
B) a set of techniques and methods for producing, processing or processing raw materials, materials, semi-finished products or products carried out in various fields and industry;
C) science of production methods in specific areas and types of human activity;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

2The motionable property of the pedagogical technology is:
A) integrity;
B) optimality;
C) performance;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

3B depending on psychological structures (I.Y. Lerner), the following technologies are allocated and classified:
A) authoritarian
B) Humanitarian
C) information
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

4 Color the hierarchy of the vertical structure of pedagogical technologies, starting with the largest:
sectoral macrotechnology -1;
metatechnology - 2;
Microtechnology - 3;
Modular Local Mesotechnology - 4
A) 4,2,3,1;
B) 2,1,4,3;
C) 3,1,4,2;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

5Pedagogical technologies covering activities within the framework of any educational industry, areas, directions of training or education, and educational discipline is:
A) microtechnology;
B) macrotechnology;
C) metatechnology;
D) mesothechnology.
E) no correct answer

6 Asset, which is included in the horizontal structure of the ped.Technology, where the technology seems to be a scientifically developed solution of a certain problem based on the achievements of pedagogical theory and best practices:
A) scientific aspect;
B) procedural-effective aspect;
C) evaluation aspect;
D) formally descriptive aspect.
E) no correct answer

7B procedural part of pedagogical technology includes:
A) technology name, target orientations;
B) the structure and algorithm of the activities of the subjects;
C) examination ped.Technology;
D) the content and structure of the activities of the teacher and the student, the volume of content.
E) no correct answer

The star-sensitive pedagogical situation with the goal introduced into it is:
A) pedagogical communication;
B) pedagogical task;
C) pedagogical interaction;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

9B The classification of pedagogical tasks on a temporary basis is not allocated:
A) strategic tasks;
B) tactical tasks;
C) operational tasks;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

10 Addly place the stages of solving pedagogical tasks
Prognostic Stage - 2
Analytical Stage - 3
Reflexive stage - 4
Procedure Stage - 1
A) 1,2,4,3;
B) 2,1,3,4;
C) 1,4,2,3;
D) 2,1,4.3.
E) no correct answer

11 Themes, the nearest tasks that arise before the teacher in each individual moment of its practical activity is:
A) tactical tasks;
B) operational tasks;
C) strategic tasks;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

In which stage of the decision technology ped. Tasks are made by pedagogical goaling solutions; Diagnosis of an individual or group act, personality and team?
A) on the analytical stage;
B) at the procedural stage;
C) on the prognostic stage;
D) on the reflective stage
E) no correct answer

13K educational situations include:
A) the situation of stimulation;
B) situation situations;
C) the situation of success;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

14Worth reproducing activity is characterized by:
A) the desire of the student to understand, remember and reproduce knowledge;
B) Interest and the desire to do not only enter the essence of phenomena, but also find a new way of solving;
C) mastering the method of applying knowledge according to the sample;
D) the desire of a student to identify the studied, mastering knowledge in new conditions;
E) no correct answer

15 On the basis of the activation and intensification of activities, the following technologies can be distinguished:
A) game technologies;
B) interactive technologies;
C) communicative technologies;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

16Vide activities in situations aimed at reconstitution and assimilation of social experience in which self-government is also being improved:
A) teaching;
B) observation;
C) game;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

17B The preparatory stage of the business game technology includes:
A) formulation of a common goal;
B) a detailed analysis of the business game;
C) determining the theme and content;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

18Pedagogical communication in the technological plane finds its expression:
A) in the ability to manage their own mental state;
B) in the ability to understand the state of the student;
C) in the ability to transfer information;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

A communication with information in communication is carried out by:
A) verbal means;
B) empathy;
C) reflection;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

The 20never communication type is implemented using:
A) oral speech;
B) written speech;
C) Mimici;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

The authoritarian style of communication is characterized by:

D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

22Systemistic tracking, observation of the state of the object of educational activities, analysis of its condition by measuring the actual results of educational and educational activities of an educational institution with specified objectives, predicting the change in the state of the object in order to make management decisions - this is:
A) pedagogical diagnostics;
B) pedagogical monitoring;
C) pedagogical reflection;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

23-function monitoring that allows you to diagnose and get holistic information about the state of the monitoring object is:
A) information function;
B) diagnostic function;
C) correctional function;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

24TP monitoring characterized by the allocation of criteria and indicators of the formation levels of the study aspect of the monitoring:
A) diagnostic prognostic stage;
B) correctional activity stage;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

25k external reasons for the introduction of information technologies include:
A) improving teacher's labor efficiency due to time saving;
C) mass replication by means of IT of advanced training technologies;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

26B Complex of educational information technology includes:
A) technology recording and storage of information;
B) telecommunication technologies;
C) search engines and database management systems;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

27Pedagogical software used to organize activities in extracurricular work, which aims to develop attention, reaction, memory is:
A) training funds;
B) leisure funds;
C) modeling agents;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

Granted measures to preserve the integrity and confidentiality of educational information, delimiting access and user identification is carried out on the basis of:

D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

29 Interactive means to simultaneously perform operations with fixed images, video films, animated graphic images, test, speech and sound accompaniment - this is:
A) electronic educational and methodological complexes;
C) multimedia tools;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

30 Systems of scientific and engineering knowledge, as well as methods and means, which is used to create, collect, transfer, storing and processing information in the subject area - this is:

C) information process;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

Option 3.

Answer

1 Technology Training is:
B) the combination of methods and means of processing, submission, changes and presentation of educational information;
C) the introduction into the pedagogy of the systemic way of thinking, which can otherwise call the "systematization of education";
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

2 Parameter G. K. Selevko does not take as the basis of the classification of pedagogical technologies:
A) playback level;
B) philosophical basis;
C) methodological approach;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

3Pedagogical technologies that cover a holistic educational process in the country or region:
A) microtechnology;
B) macrotechnology;
C) metatechnology;
D) mesotechnology;
E) no correct answer

4The management style Pedagogical technologies are divided into:
A) moral;
B) heuristic;
C) authoritarian;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

The 5Gorizontal Hierarchy of Pedagogical Technology does not include:
A) monotechnology;
B) polytechnology;
C) microtechnologies;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

6 Structure (model) descriptions and analysis of pedagogical technology does not include:
A) conceptual part;
B) the meaningful part;
C) professional part;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

7B Criterial-estimated part of pedagogical technologies includes:
A) technology name, target orientations;
B) the structure and algorithm of the activities of the subjects;
C) examination of pedagogical technology;
D) the content and structure of the activities of the teacher and the student, the volume of content;
E) no correct answer

8classification of pedagogical tasks by type of activity of the teacher includes:
A) convergent tasks;
B) educational tasks;
C) operational tasks
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

9 Addly post the stages of solving pedagogical tasks
Prognostic Stage - 4
Analytical Stage - 2
Reflexive stage - 1
Proceed stage - 3
A) 1,2,4,3;
B) 2,1,3,4;
C) 1,4,2,3;
D) 2.4,3,1;
E) no correct answer

10 There is a stage of the decision technology ped. Tasks are the implementation of systematic tracking of the activities carried out, the operational adjustment of the selected methods of action?
A) on the analytical stage;
B) at the procedural stage;
C) on the prognostic stage;
D) at the reflective stage;
E) no correct answer

11 When analyzing educational situations, it is necessary to consider:
A) the attitude of the educational to obtain education and the necessary level of knowledge;
B) the level of training skills and learning skills;
C) the relationship established with a specific teacher, teacher; Teacher communication style, teacher;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

Song vehicles to produce socially significant transformations in the world based on the assignment of the wealth of material and spiritual culture, manifested in creativity, volitional acts, communication is:
A) principle;
B) activity;
C) creativity;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

13 On the basis of the activation and intensification of activities, the following technologies can be distinguished:
A) self-development technology
B) programming learning technologies;
C) humanistic technology;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

14 in the holistic pedagogical process, gaming activity performs:
A) entertainment function;
B) communicative function;
C) diagnostic function;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

15B The procedural stage of the business game technology includes:
A) formulation of a common goal;
B) a detailed analysis of the business game;
C) holding the game in accordance with the developed model;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

16B phased deployment of pedagogical communication does not include stage:
A) communication management in the pedagogical process;
B) organization of direct communication;
C) modeling upcoming communication;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

17verbral communication uses as a sign system:
A) Mimicu;
B) pantomime;
C) speech;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

The 18individual-typological features of the interaction of the teacher and students are:
A) forms of communication;
B) methods of communication;
C) style of communication;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

The 19Temocratic style of communication is characterized by:
A) the sole solution to all issues in the teacher;
B) the teaching of the teacher is minimally included in the activity;
C) an increase in the role of a student in cooperation;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

20Thow lies at the base of the School Monitoring Classification,
district, regional (regional),
A) monitoring goals;
B) scope;
C) management system hierarchy;
D) the basis of examination;
E) no correct answer

21 Monitoring Function, which suggests monitoring the monitoring and preparation of recommendations for the adoption of correctional and proactive management decisions.
A) information function;
B) diagnostic function;
C) organizational and managerial function;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

Monitoring 22, characterized by comparing the results obtained at different stages with the original:
A) the final diagnostic stage;
B) correctional activity stage;
C) regulatory installation stage;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

23 Internal reasons for the introduction of information technology refers:
A) increase the labor efficiency of the teacher by saving time;
B) the public need for people owned by information technology methods;
C) rapid improvement of funds of new information
technologies;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

24Pedagogical software used for visual representation of educational material, visualizing studied phenomena, processes and relationships - this is:
A) demonstration funds;
B) imitation funds;
C) training funds;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

The 25th definition of the requirements of the pedagogical estimate of each design, the implementation and operation of information funds is carried out on the basis of:
A) principal-generative feasibility;
B) the principle of independent work;
C) the principle of information security;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

26Vids remote training sessions, the main purpose of which is to determine the ways to solve the study problem:
A) introductory classes;
B) demonstration classes;
C) individual advice;
D) remote testing;
E) no correct answer

The 27 System of Functioning of All Components of the Ped-Process, built on a scientific basis, programmed in time in space and leading to intentional results is:
A) pedagogical system;
B) education;
C) pedagogical technology;
D) technique.
E) no correct answer

28Gypertext or hypermedia System located on a server or CD - this is:
A) e-book;
B) pedagogical software;
C) multimedia tools;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

29Pedagogical technology using special ways, software and technical means to work with information - this is:
A) information technology;
B) information technology;
C) information process;
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

30V the duties of the tutor does not include:
A) drawing up verification tasks;
B) drawing up a curriculum, lectures;
C) conducting remote activities
D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

1 option

1. Pedagogical technology is:

A) a set of psychological and pedagogical plants that determine the special set and layout of forms, methods, methods, methods of training, educational means; It is an organizational and methodological instrumental of the pedagogical process.

C) this is thought out in all details a model of joint pedagogical activities for the design, organization and conduct of the educational process with unconditional provision of comfortable conditions for students and teachers

E) all the answers are correct

2. Man as a subject of relations and conscious activities capable of self-knowledge and self-development. The person is becoming in the process of development - it is:

A) Personality B) Individual C) person d) student e) teacher

3. The general factors affecting the productivity of the modern didactic process are:

A) pedagogical activities, training, upbringing;

B) educational material; organizational and pedagogical effect; learning student; time

C) student learning; time

D) educational material; organizational and pedagogical effect;

E) there are no correct answers

4. Development learning concepts: aimed at learning students to school skills.

D) E.N. Concept Kabanova. E) Concept G. Saurmanman

5. The humanistic focus of the teacher's personality is:

A) The most important component is the focus on the identity of another person, the approval of the highest spiritual values, moral forms of behavior and relationship, manifestation of the professional ideology of the teacher

B) use by a teacher of humanistic techniques in training

(C) Humanization of activities, decent self-esteem, feasibility of funds

(D) Professional mastery of the teacher begins to form a responsibility of responsibility to the future, awareness of the goal and great love for children.

E) all the answers are correct

6. If the student knows, from which it is necessary to proceed, through which intermediate results go into the study of the topic, how to achieve them, its functions in training are reduced to remember all this and to reproduce. So you can talk about what method?

A) Model B) reproductive or explanatory-illustrative

C) programmed D) heuristic E) problem

7. Technology is:

A) composite procedural part of the didactic system

C) a description of the process of achieving planned learning outcomes

D) A combination of techniques used in any kind, skill, art

E) there are no correct answers

8. It organically includes the introduction and implementation of new, progressive ideas, principles and techniques in the process of learning and education and significantly changes and increases their quality:

A) educational training

B) pedagogical activity

C) pedagogical process

D) Pedagogical innovation.

E) teacher certification

9. One can distinguish three main approaches to the interpretation of advanced pedagogical experience:

A) work goal, movement, novelty B) innovation, activity, sample of good work.

C) creative approach, activity, innovation d) features of work, process, innovation

E) activities, work techniques, creativity

10. The concept of "pedagogical technology" can be represented aspects:

A.) scientific, procedural, descriptive, procedural effective

B) Common goodsAgological, private, local, local

C) subject, proligated, modular

D) receptions, links, elements

E) there are no correct answers

11. The concept of educational training: personal learning is aimed at the development of theoretical consciousness and thinking.

A.) Concept V.V. Davydova - D.B. Elconina B) Concept of K. Salevko

C) concept l.v. Zankova) concept I.S. Yakiman, E) Concept S.А.Smirnova

12. The essence of modular learning is that it is:

A) Allows each learning to completely independently achieve specific goals of educational and educational activities.

B) is carried out by individual communication or through information.

C) allows you to independently seek specific goals of educational activities.

D) allows the teacher to individualize work with each studying E) all the answers are correct

13. Classification of training technologies:

A) Old and new b) Natural and technical C) Traditional and innovative.

D) traditional and technological E) methodical and computer

14. Pedagogues made efforts to develop preschool pedagogy in Germany

A) E.N. Water carrier and E.I. Theheeva c) P. Karkomar, F. Frequel, c) R.Statyner, Ya.A.Komensky

D) F. Frequel, R.Steiner E) there are no correct answers

15. The concepts of educational learning: aimed at the formation of thinking operations, which she calls educational techniques:

16. What pedagogical problems flow out of the overall goal of education, are formed in the form of ideas about the basis of human base culture, are given from the outside, reflecting the objective needs of society?
A) tactical; B) operational; C) strategic; D) didactic; E) no correct answer

17. Pedagogical software used for organizing activities in extracurricular work, aimed at developing attention, reaction, memory, is:
A) training funds; B) leisure funds; C) modeling agents;

18. Training technology is:
A) a set of knowledge about the methods and means of implementing the pedagogical process;
B) the combination of methods and means of processing, submission, changes and presentation of educational information;
C) the introduction of a systemic way of thinking into pedagogy, which can otherwise call the "systematization of education";
D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

19. At what stage of the decision technology is a peddle. Tasks takes place of existing means of achieving results, designing impact or interaction?
A) on the analytical stage; B) at the procedural stage; C) on the prognostic stage;
D) on the reflexive stage; E) no correct answer

20. What level of activity in the educational process is characterized by the desire of the student to understand, remember and reproduce knowledge, master the methods of applying knowledge according to the sample:
A) creative; B) interpreting; C) reproducing;
D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

21. Based on the enhancement and intensification of activities, the following technologies can be distinguished:
A) game technologies; B) programmed learning technologies;
(C) Humanistic technology; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

22. The system of limited social interaction of the teacher and students, the content of which is the exchange of information, the provision of educational impact is:
A) the process of upbringing; B) pedagogical process; C) professional pedagogical communication;
D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

Pedagogical technology is

A) system of functioning of all components of the pedagogical process

B) accurate instrumental management of the educational process and guaranteed success in achieving the pedagogical purposes;

(C) Organizing the course of training session in line with training objectives;

D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

24. The mass development and introduction of pedagogical technologies belong to the middle of the last century:

A) 40s b) 50s; C) 70s; D) 80s; E) no correct answer

25. The principles of learning used in information technology does not belong:
A) the principle of starting knowledge; B) the principle of integration; C) the principle of information security;
D) the principle of modeling; E) no correct answer

26. Types of distance learning classes, the main purpose of which is to attract students:
A) introductory classes; B) demonstration classes; C) individual advice;
D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

27. Pedagogical instruments for methodical purpose are divided into:
A) gyms; B) Communicative; C) analytical; D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

28. The duties of the tutor includes:
A) support of the educational process; B) drawing up a curriculum, lectures;
C) carrying out remote activities; D) there is no correct answer;
E) all the answers are correct

29. The conceptual part of pedagogical technology includes:
A) technology name, target orientations; B) the structure and algorithm of the activities of the subjects;
C) examinations of ped.Technology; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

30. The unit of the pedagogical process is:
A) Pedagogical situation; B) pedagogical task; C) student;
D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

Option 2

1. The concepts of educational training: aimed at the formation of thinking operations, which she calls educational techniques:

A) concept I.P. Volkova, G.S. Altshuller, I.P. Ivanova B) Concept E.N. Kabanova.

C) Concept S.A.Smirnova D) Concept by I.S. Yakiman, E) Concept G. Salevko

2. Experience is studied using the following methods:

A) survey, survey, observation, interview;
B) visiting lessons, extracurricular activities, their analysis;

(C) Study of the UMC of the Teacher; studying his working documentation (plans);
D) Conducting tests, creative works confirming the effectiveness of experience.

E) all answers are true

3. The process of quantitative and qualitative changes in the body, the psyche, intellectual and spiritual sphere of a person, due to the influence of external and internal, managed and unmanaged factors, is:

A) Training B) Development C) Education D) EFFECT E) Process

4. If intermediate results are not known, and the ways to achieve them, the student faces contradiction between the knowledge and necessary, that is, it falls into the problem situation. Its search is becoming more complex. In this case, the teacher uses which method of learning?

A) model b) problem C) reproductive

D) heuristic e) programmate

5. The theory of learning formulated by whom at the beginning of the 30s, introduced the concepts of the "zone of the nearest development" "zone of actual development"?

A) Ya.A. Komensky b) J. Piaz c) L.V. D) A.V.vugotsky E) Z.I Kalmykova

6. Development learning concepts: to create conditions for the maximum development of the child's abilities in combination with the intensive accumulation of social experience and the formation of internal psychological peace and confidence in his power.

C) concept l.v. Zankova D) concept z. and Kalmykova E) Concept of K. SELEVKO

7. The concept of educational training: aimed at the formation of productive or creative thinking:

A) Concept L.V. ZANKOVA B) Concept Z. and Kalmykova

C) concept I.P. Volkova, G.S. Altshuller, I.P. Ivanov

D) E.N. Concept Kabanova E) Concept of G.A.tsukerman

8. Developmental learning concepts:

A) Concept L.V. Zankova, concept z. and kalmykova, concept of I.P. Volkova, G.S. Altshuller, I.P. Ivanova B) Concept E.N. Kabanova, concept G.A.TSerman

C) Concept V.V. Davydova - D.B. Elconina,

D) concept I.S. Yakiman, concept G. SELEVKO E) All answers are true

9. Development learning concepts: aimed at the early intense general psychological development of the personality.

A) Concept V.V. Davydova - D.B. Elconina B) Concept of K. Salevko

C) concept l.v. Zankova D) concept I.S. Yakiman, E) Concept S.А.Smirnova

10. In the theory of learning, formulated by A.V.vugotsky in the early 1930s, what concepts were set forth in the work?

A) Spiritual development, moral development b) zones of the nearest development, the area of \u200b\u200brelevant development.

(C) Personality development, Individual Development D) Development Area, Higher Development E) Development, Training

11. Professional potential is:

A) main characteristic the teacher, which includes a combination of the combined natural and acquired qualities that determine the ability of the teacher to fulfill their duties at a given level;

B) the ability to implement it adjusted for the purpose: while we are talking about the ratio of intentions and achievements;

C) the base of professional knowledge, skills in unity with the developed ability of the teacher to actively create, act, embody their intentions to life

D) Reach the projected results. E) all the answers are correct

12. Pedagogical technology structure:

A) Subject, prioritic, modular

B) scientific, procedural, descriptive, procedural effective

C) conceptual basis, consulting component of learning, procedural part-technological process

D) procedural part, conceptual basis

E) procedural-descriptive, procedural effective

13. The concepts of educational training: aimed at the development of the individual cognitive abilities of each child, to the knowledge of themselves with a person, to self-determination and self-realization in the learning process.

A) Concept E.N. Kabanova B) Concept S.A.Smirnova

C) concept l.v. ZANKOV D) Concept Z. I. Kalmykova E) Concept I.S. Yakimansky

14. The concepts of educational training: personality learning aims to develop theoretical consciousness and thinking.

A) Concept V.V. Davydova - D.B. Elconina B) Concept G. SELEVKO C) Concept L.V. Zankova) concept I.S. Yakiman, E) Concept S.А.Smirnova

15. Effective experience that allows you to achieve good results in educational work with relatively low costs of forces, tools and time is:

A) Advanced pedagogical experience c) Professional teacher's potential

C) innovation d) teacher-master E) perfect teacher

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A) game technologies;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

The following business games are allocated from the management process levels:

A) situational, complex games;

B) training, designer games;

C) imitation, operational games;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

The modeling stage of the business game technology includes:

A) formulation of a common goal;

C) Development of a business game project describing a specific situation;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

The system of limited social interaction of the teacher and students, the content of which is the exchange of information, the provision of educational impact is:

A) the process of upbringing;

B) pedagogical process;

C) vocational pedagogical communication;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

Pedagogical monitoring is:

A) Long tracking for any objects and phenomena ped. reality;

B) the process of implementing pedagogical problems;

C) system of functioning of the pedagogical process;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

The basis for the classification of monitoring on pedagogical, sociological, psychological, medical, economic, demographic is:

A) the purpose of monitoring;

B) scope;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

Pedagogical diagnostics is part:

A) pedagogical process;

B) pedagogical monitoring;

C) pedagogical activities;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

The monitoring feature that gives you the opportunity to get information about the state of the object, to provide feedback - this is:

A) information function;

B) analytical function;

C) correctional function;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

The monitoring stage characterized by the collection and processing of information, analysis of the results obtained and the development of recommendations, predicting the prospects for changing the area under study is:

A) regulatory installation stage;

C) diagnostic and prognostic;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

The definition of an object, subject, subject, targets and tasks of pedagogical monitoring belongs:

A) to the regulatory and installation phase of the monitoring;

B) to the diagnostic and prognostic stage of monitoring;

C) to a correctional activity stage of monitoring;

D) to the final diagnostic stage of the monitoring;

E) no correct answer

Constructing classes with the use of information technology is carried out on the basis of the following steps: conceptual, stage ped. Dealization, stage of reflection and correction, and technological stage. What stage is not named?

A) analytical;

B) Operational;

C) operational;

D) communicative;

E) no correct answer

The principles of training applied in information technologies do not apply:

A) the principle of starting knowledge;

B) the principle of integration;

C) the principle of information security;

D) the principle of modeling;

E) no correct answer

Types of distance learning classes, the main purpose of which is to attract students:

A) introductory classes;

B) demonstration classes;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

Pedagogical software for methodical purpose is divided into:

A) gyms;

B) communicative;

C) analytical;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

The duties of the tutor comes:

A) support of the educational process;

C) conducting remote activities;

D) there is no correct answer;

E) all the answers are correct

Option 2.

	In general scientific sense, technology is: A) a set of techniques used in any kind, skill, art; B) a set of techniques and methods for producing, processing or processing raw materials, materials, semi-finished products or products carried out in various fields and industry; C) science of production methods in specific areas and types of human activity; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	An integral property of the pedagogical technology is: A) integrity; B) optimality; C) performance; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Depending on the psychological structures (I.Y. Lerner), the following technologies are allocated and classified: B) Humanitarian C) information D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Place the hierarchy of the vertical structure of pedagogical technologies, starting with the largest: sectoral macrotechnology -1; metatechnology - 2; microtechnology - 3; modular Local Mesotechnology - 4 D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Pedagogical technologies covering activities in the framework of any educational industry, areas, directions of training or education, educational discipline is: A) microtechnology; B) macrotechnology; C) metatechnology; D) mesothechnology. E) no correct answer
	The aspect included in the horizontal structure of the ped.Technology, where the technology seems to be scientifically developed solving a certain problem based on the achievements of pedagogical theory and best practices: A) scientific aspect; B) procedural-effective aspect; C) evaluation aspect; D) formally descriptive aspect. E) no correct answer
	The procedural part of pedagogical technology includes: C) examination ped.Technology; E) no correct answer
	A meaningful pedagogical situation with the goal introduced into it is: A) pedagogical communication; B) pedagogical task; C) pedagogical interaction; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	In the classification of pedagogical tasks on a temporary basis, it is not allocated: A) strategic tasks; B) tactical tasks; C) operational tasks; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Consistently position the stages of solving pedagogical tasks: prognostic Stage - 2 analytical Stage - 3 reflexive stage - 4 procedure Stage - 1 E) no correct answer
	The current, the nearest tasks arising before the teacher in each individual moment of its practical activity is: A) tactical tasks; B) operational tasks; C) strategic tasks; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Implementation of pedagogical goaling solutions; The diagnosis of an individual or group act, personality and a team occurs: E) no correct answer
	Educational situations include: A) the situation of stimulation; B) situation situations; C) the situation of success; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Reproducing activity is characterized by: A) the desire of the student to understand, remember and reproduce knowledge; B) Interest and the desire to do not only enter the essence of phenomena, but also find a new way of solving; C) mastering the method of applying knowledge according to the sample; D) the desire of a student to identify the studied, mastering knowledge in new conditions; E) no correct answer
	Based on the activation and intensification of activities, the following technologies can be distinguished: A) game technologies; B) interactive technologies; C) communicative technologies; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Type of activity in situations aimed at recreating and assimilating social experience in which self-government is also being improved: A) teaching; B) observation; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The preparatory stage of the business game technology includes: A) formulation of a common goal; B) a detailed analysis of the business game; C) determining the theme and content; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Pedagogical communication in the technological plan finds its expression: A) in the ability to manage their own mental state; B) in the ability to understand the state of the student; C) in the ability to transfer information; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The exchange of information in communication is carried out by: A) verbal means; B) empathy; C) reflection; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The non-verbal type of communication is implemented using: A) oral speech; B) written speech; C) Mimici; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Systematic tracking, observation of the state of the object of educational activities, analysis of its condition by measuring the real results of the educational and educational activities of the educational institution with the specified objectives, predicting the change in the state of the object in order to make management decisions - this is: A) pedagogical diagnostics; B) pedagogical monitoring; C) pedagogical reflection; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The monitoring feature that allows you to diagnose and get holistic information about the monitoring object is: A) information function; B) diagnostic function; C) correctional function; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The monitoring phase characterized by the allocation of criteria and indicators of the formation levels of the study of the monitoring aspects under study: A) diagnostic prognostic stage; B) correctional activity stage; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The external reasons for the introduction of information technologies include: A) improving teacher's labor efficiency due to time saving; C) mass replication by means of IT of advanced training technologies; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The complex of educational information technologies includes: A) technology recording and storage of information; B) telecommunication technologies; C) search engines and database management systems; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Pedagogical software used for organizing activities in extracurricular work, aimed at developing attention, reaction, memory, is: A) training funds; B) leisure funds; C) modeling agents; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The implementation of measures to preserve the integrity and confidentiality of educational information, delimiting access and user identification is carried out on the basis of: D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Interactive means allowing simultaneously to conduct operations with fixed images, video films, animated graphic images, test, speech and sound accompaniment - this is: A) electronic educational and methodological complexes; C) multimedia tools; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The system of scientific and engineering knowledge, as well as methods and means, which is used to create, collect, transfer, storing and processing information in the subject area - this is: A) information technology; C) information process; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

Option 3.

	Training technology is: A) a set of knowledge about the methods and means of implementing the pedagogical process; B) the combination of methods and means of processing, submission, changes and presentation of educational information; C) the introduction into the pedagogy of the systemic way of thinking, which can otherwise call the "systematization of education"; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	G. K. Seleevko does not take as the basis of the classification of pedagogical technologies the following parameter: A) playback level; B) philosophical basis; C) methodological approach; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Pedagogical technologies that cover a holistic educational process in the country or region: A) microtechnology; B) macrotechnology; C) metatechnology; D) mesotechnology; E) no correct answer
	According to the management style, pedagogical technologies are divided into: A) moral; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The horizontal hierarchy of pedagogical technologies does not include: A) monotechnology; B) polytechnology; C) microtechnologies; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The structure (model) of the description and analysis of the pedagogical technology does not include: A) conceptual part; C) professional part; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	In the criterion-estimated part of pedagogical technologies included: A) technology name, target orientations; B) the structure and algorithm of the activities of the subjects; C) examination of pedagogical technology; E) no correct answer
	The classification of pedagogical tasks by type of activity of the teacher includes: A) convergent tasks; B) educational tasks; C) operational tasks D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Consistently position the stages of solving pedagogical tasks. prognostic Stage - 4 analytical Stage - 2 reflexive stage - 1 proceed stage - 3 E) no correct answer
	The implementation of systematic tracking of the activities carried out, the operational adjustment of selected methods of action occurs: A) on the analytical stage of solving pedagogical problems; B) at the procedural stage of solving pedagogical problems; C) on the predictive stage of solving pedagogical problems; D) at the reflective stage of solving pedagogical problems; E) no correct answer
	When analyzing educational situations, it is necessary to consider: A) the attitude of the educational to obtain education and the necessary level of knowledge; B) the level of training skills and learning skills; C) the relationship established with a specific teacher, teacher; Teacher communication style, teacher; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The ability of a person to produce socially significant transformations in the world based on the assignment of the wealth of material and spiritual culture, manifested in creativity, volitional acts, communication is: A) principle; B) activity; C) creativity; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Based on the activation and intensification of activities, the following technologies can be distinguished: A) self-development technology B) programming learning technologies; C) humanistic technology; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	In a holistic pedagogical process, game activity performs: A) entertainment function; B) communicative function; C) diagnostic function; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The procedural stage of the business game technology includes: A) formulation of a common goal; B) a detailed analysis of the business game; C) holding the game in accordance with the developed model; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The phased deployment of pedagogical communication does not include stage: A) communication management in the pedagogical process; B) organization of direct communication; C) modeling upcoming communication; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Verbal communication uses as a sign system: A) Mimicu; B) pantomime; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Individually-typological features of the interaction of the teacher and students are: A) forms of communication; B) methods of communication; C) style of communication; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The democratic style of communication is characterized by: A) the sole solution to all issues in the teacher; B) the teaching of the teacher is minimally included in the activity; C) an increase in the role of a student in cooperation; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	What lies on the basis of a school monitoring classification, district, regional (regional), federal: A) monitoring goals; B) scope; C) management system hierarchy; D) the basis of examination; E) no correct answer
	The monitoring function involving control over the state of the monitoring object and preparation of recommendations for the adoption of corrective-proactive management decisions: A) information function; B) diagnostic function; C) organizational and managerial function; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The monitoring step describing the comparison of the results obtained at different stages with the initial: A) the final diagnostic stage; B) correctional activity stage; C) regulatory installation stage; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The internal reasons for the introduction of information technology belongs: A) increase the labor efficiency of the teacher by saving time; B) the public need for people owned by information technology methods; C) rapid improvement of funds of new information technologies; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Pedagogical software used for visual representation of educational material, visualizing studied phenomena, processes and relationships - this is: A) demonstration funds; B) imitation funds; C) training funds; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Determination of the requirements of the pedagogical assessment of each design step, the implementation and operation of information funds is carried out on the basis of: A) the principle of pedagogical feasibility; B) the principle of independent work; C) the principle of information security; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Types of distance learning classes, the main purpose of which is to determine the ways to solve the study problem: A) introductory classes; B) demonstration classes; C) individual advice; D) remote testing; E) no correct answer
	The functioning system of all components of the pedage process, built on a scientific basis, programmed over time in space and leading to intentional results - this is: A) pedagogical system; B) education; C) pedagogical technology; D) technique. E) no correct answer
	Hypertext or hypermedia system hosted on a server or a CD - this is: A) e-book; B) pedagogical software; C) multimedia tools; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	Pedagogical technology using special ways, software and technical means for working with information - this is: A) information technology; B) information technology; C) information process; D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct
	The duties of the tutor does not include: A) drawing up verification tasks; B) drawing up a curriculum, lectures; C) conducting remote activities D) there is no correct answer; E) all the answers are correct

Standards of answers to the test on the discipline "Pedagogical Technologies" Specialty 030500.06 "Vocational training (informatics, computing equipment and computer technologies)"

Option 1	Option 2.	Option 3.

3.3 Approximate list of questions for the exam in the discipline "Pedagogical technologies"

1. Pedagogical systems, pedagogical processes and pedagogical technologies in modern pedagogical science. A comparative analysis of innovative and traditional approaches in education.

2. Theoretical and historical backgrounds of the appearance of pedagogical technology as a scientific phenomenon. Trends to improve educational technologies.

3. Technological approach to education. The embodiment of the technological approach in the construction of specific training systems.

4. Technology as a phenomenon of education. Comparative analysis of the concepts of "system", "Methodology" and "Technology".

5. The concept of "educational technology". Composition and structure of pedagogical technology. Functions of technologies in the educational process.

6. System approach as a methodological basis for pedagogical technology. Characteristics of the principles of a systematic approach.

7. Essence of pedagogical technology as a pedagogical category, scientific discipline and training subject.

8. Ways to increase the effectiveness of cognitive activity of schoolchildren in the conditions of applying modern pedagogical technologies.

9. The main qualities of modern pedagogical technologies. Criteria for the effectiveness of pedagogical technology.

10. Classification of pedagogical technologies and their characteristics.

11. Classification of pedagogical technologies on a philosophical basis.

12. Classification of pedagogical technologies in terms of application.

13. Classification of pedagogical technologies based on the leading factors of personality development.

14. Classification of pedagogical technologies based on the orientation of personal spheres and the structures of the individual.

15. Classification of pedagogical technologies by the nature of the content and structure.

16. Classification of pedagogical technologies on the main type of socio-pedagogical activity.

17. Classification of pedagogical technologies by the type of management of the educational process.

18. Classification of pedagogical technologies on predominant methods and methods

19. Classification of pedagogical technologies based on organizational forms.

20. Classification of pedagogical technologies based on learning tools.

21. Classification of pedagogical technologies based on the approach to the child and the orientation of pedagogical interaction.

22. Classification of pedagogical technologies based on the direction of upgrades.

23. Characteristics of the vertical and horizontal hierarchy of pedagogical technologies.

24. Structure of description and analysis of pedagogical technologies. The characteristics of the conceptual, meaningful, procedural and criterion-estimated aspects.

25. Technology solving pedagogical tasks in a holistic pedagogical process.

26. Essence and types of pedagogical tasks. Professionalism and skill in solving pedagogical tasks.

27. Characteristics of the stages of technology solving pedagogical problems (analytical, prognostic, procedural, reflexive).

28. Pedagogical technologies based on the revitalization and intensification of students' activity. The essence and role of the principle of activity in the educational process.

29. Types of pedagogical technology based on the revitalization and intensification of students' activity.

30. Characteristics of the stages of the business game technology (preparatory, simulating, procedural, reflexive-valued).

31. Technology of pedagogical communication and establishing pedagogically appropriate relationships.

32. Stages of pedagogical communication and the technology of their implementation. Factors affecting the establishment of pedagogically expedient relationships.

33. Technology for monitoring the educational process. The ratio of "monitoring" and "diagnostics" concepts.

34. The main types and functions of monitoring in the educational process. Specifics of pedagogical monitoring.

35. Characteristics of the technological stages of monitoring in the educational process.

36. Educational capabilities of information technology. The specificity of the principles of training in information technologies.

37. The essence of the concept of informational (computer) technology characteristics of pedagogical software for creating information technology.

38. Characteristics of remote learning technology. Types of distance learning activities. Prospects for the development of remote learning technology.

39. Stages of constructing classes using information technology tools.

40. Characteristics of developing learning technology (by the selection of a student).

42. Characteristics of alternative pedagogical technology (Valdorf Pedagogy R. Steiner, M. Montessori, etc.).

44. Cooperation technologies. Collective way of learning.

45. Project method. Technology of project training.

46. \u200b\u200bProgrammed learning technology. Programming principles.

47. Types of training programs in programmed learning: linear, branched, adaptive, combined.

48. Modular learning technology.

49. Research technology. Euristic learning technology.

50. Technology of phased formation of mental actions.

Questions to the exam are compiled, taking into account the fact that in parallel to the study of the discipline "Pedagogical technologies" students study the course "Modern Pedagogical Technologies", according to which the offset is passed.

GLOSSARY

Activity - 1) "causality of the cause" (I. Kant); 2) the active condition of living organisms as a condition for their existence in the world.

Video conference in the distance learning system is one of the information technologies involving the electronic interactive interaction of the student and teacher (tutor) remote from each other, carried out in real time using telecommunication equipment.

Video track is a type of training materials presented as non-interactive video sequence.

Business game is a method of making management decisions in various imitated production situations by playing a group of students (or one trainee) with a computer for the specified rules in the mode of dialogue. Active learning method aimed at the formation of student independent thinking.

The demo version of the training program is the version of the training program, which allows you to demonstrate all its basic functionality, on which, compared with the final version, are superimposed by some limitations (by means of use or by volume of the material represented).

Didactic means of distance learning - materials, methods and teaching techniques, forms of organization of educational and cognitive activity, taking into account the limited direct communication with the teacher.

Distance learning is a targeted process of interactive (dialogue), asynchronous or synchronous interaction of the teacher and studying among themselves and with the means of learning, indifferent to their location in space and time.

The task is reflected in the conscious or objectified in the iconic model of a problematic situation containing the data and conditions that are necessary and sufficient for its permission in cash of knowledge and experience

The game is the type of detail, social behavior, artificially designed in the form of a model with strictly defined rules and clearly defined temporary and spatial boundaries; Artificially constructed model, imitating certain aspects of real activities

Hierarchy - (Greek. Hierarchia, from Hieros - Sacred and Arche - Power), the location of parts or elements of the whole in order from the highest to the lowest; The principle of the structural organization of multi-level systems consisting in ordering interactions between the levels of Genesis under the law from the highest to the lower (involution) and, on the contrary, from the lowest to the highest (evolution).

Intensification - an increase in production intensity by more fully use each unit of resource potential; It is achieved due to the growth of labor productivity, better use of materials, raising the return of fixed assets

Interactive training is a way of knowledge based on the dialogues of the interaction of participants in the educational process; Training programmed to communicate, during which students are formed by skills joint activity. Consequently, interactive learning is the training built on the interaction of the studying with the academic environment, the curriculum, which serves as an area of \u200b\u200bmasterful experience.

Interactivity is a reaction from the program in response to any user actions providing a dialogue with a computer.

Interactive learning technologies - the system of methods for organizing the interaction of the teacher and students in the form of educational games, guaranteeing pedagogically effective cognitive communication, as a result of which the conditions are created for the experience of the spelling situation in educational activities and mutually enrichment of their motivational, intellectual, emotional and other spheres.

Interactive learning technologies are such an organization of the learning process, in which non-participation of the student in a collective, complementary, based on the interaction of all its participants in the process of teaching knowledge.

Informatization of education - introduction into the educational process of information technologies that meet the requirements of the global community, improving the quality of general education and training specialists based on the wide use of computational and information technology.

Information technology (IT) is a system of methods, manufacturing processes and software and technical means integrated to collect, process, storing, disseminating, displaying and using users of this information. The composition of IT includes hardware, software and information components.

Information technologies - the process of preparing and transmitting information to the trainee, the means of implementing a computer.

Information technologies of distance learning - technology creation, transfer and storage of educational materials, organization and maintenance of the study process of distance learning; Ways to transfer learning information to the learning and organization of communication between the teacher and studying.

Information resource - the classroom module submitted by the author's author in the form of an indication of the print edition (or its fragment), an audio or video tape (or a recording fragment), a CD (or its fragment) or in the form of files on diskettes.

The quality of education is a social category that determines the state and effectiveness of the education process in society, its compliance with the needs and expectations of society (various social groups) in the development and formation of civil, domestic and professional competencies of the individual. The quality of education is determined by the set of indicators characterizing various aspects of educational institution's training activities: the content of education, form and methods of teaching, material and technical base, personnel composition, etc., which ensure the development of competencies of students' students (Callae V.A.)

Case (CASE) is a set of training materials on heterogeneous media (printed, audio, video, electronic materials) issued by learning for independent work.

Case-technology of distance learning - the technology of the organization of the educational process, in which the teaching materials are completed in a special set (case) and are transmitted (sent) to a learner for self-study (with periodic consultations from the tutors assigned to him).

Classification is a logical reception based on logical division concept and used in empirical sciences to distribute objects for childbirth and species; The system of coinled concepts (classes, objects, phenomena) in a particular branch of human knowledge or activities, compiled on the basis of the general signs of objects and natural links between them, allowing you to navigate in the diversity of objects and is the source of knowledge about them.

Contact time in the distance learning system - the time allocated to organized forms of educational and cognitive activity, implying direct or mediated contact of students with the teacher. These include: audit classes held by the teacher-author of the course; audit classes held by the tutor in the regional training center or school; network seminars; advice on on-line and off-line; Colloquiums; Control works verified by "manually" by the teacher.

Control - identification and evaluation of the results of schoolchildren or students.

CONTROL TOTAL - Evaluation of students' work after passing the entire training course. Usually the form of the final assessment of the trainee is its mark on the exam or the results of the final test. One of the important areas of the final control is the certification of graduates of general education institutions.

Preliminary control is carried out in order to identify the initial (starting) level of students' knowledge, which will allow to select the content and determine the complexity of the material to be absorbed.

Controller control - reveals the results of a certain stage of learning. Evaluation of the training level of trainees in this case is made by testing on the sections of the program, examinations or tests.

Monitoring the current - is carried out with the help of oral survey, written control works, as well as pedagogical tests. Current control is characterized by a conscious goal to follow the course of learning. Current control is the most simple for the teacher the method of obtaining operational information on the compliance of the knowledge of the learned planned assimilation references.

Thematic control - reveals the degree of assimilation of the section or the topic of the program. Based on the thematic control data, the teacher accepts a managerial decision. It concludes that it is necessary to further work out this topic if the control results are unsatisfactory, or proceeds to the study of the following theme if the control results speak of good preparation of students.

Personal oriented education - systemic construction of the relationship of teaching, learning, development (I.S. Yakimanskaya); Such training, where the child's personality, its originality, intrinsicness, and the subject experience of each are first revealed, and then coordinated with the content of education.

Local training materials are educational materials that are transmitted on physical media and include printed products, audio and video recordings on magnetic tape and information on computer-readable media (diskettes, hard and laser disks - CD).

Macrothechnologies (sectoral) - pedagogical technologies covering activities within the framework of any educational industry, areas, directions of training or education, educational discipline.

Mesotechnology (modular local) - are technologies for the implementation of individual parts (modules) of the educational process; aimed at solving private, local dodactic, methodological or educational problems.

The technique is a set of ways, techniques, means of expedient carrying out any work.

Methodology is a system of principles, norms and methods of organizing and building theoretical and practical activities, as well as the doctrine of the ways of achieving true value and the optimal practical effect.

Microtechnologies - technologies aimed at solving narrow operational problems and related to individual interaction or self-testing of the subjects of the pedagogical process.

The module is a logically completed part of the educational material, which ends with a control action (test, test work, etc.).

Pedagogical monitoring - long-term tracking for any objects of pedagogical reality; The process of continuous scientific and prognostic tracking of the condition, the development of the pedagogical process in order to optimally choose educational purposes, tasks and means of solving them.

Multimedia course is a complex of logically related structured didactic units presented in digital and analog form containing all components of the educational process. Multimediakurs is a means of comprehensive impact on studying by combining conceptual, illustrative, reference, gym and controlling parts.

Communication is the interaction of individuals or social groups, consisting in direct exchange of activities, skills, skills, experience, information; and satisfying the needs of a person in contacts with other people.

Pedagogical activity is the professional activity of the teacher, with the help of various actions of the decisive task of learning and development (training, raising, organizational, managerial, constructive diagnostic). Such activity includes five components: Gnostic, constructive, projective, organizational; communicative.

Pedagogical diagnosis is a special type of activity, which is the establishment and study of the signs characterizing the state and results of the learning process, and allowing on this basis to predict, determine possible deviations, ways to prevent them, as well as to adjust the learning process in order to improve the quality of learning.

The pedagogical problem is a meaningful pedagogical situation with the purpose of the method that determines the selection of methods and means of solution.

The pedagogical system is a holistic unity of all factors contributing to the achievement of the human development goals. The main signs of the pedagogical system: completeness of the components involved in the achievement of the goal; the presence of connections and dependencies between components; the presence of a leading link, the leading ideas necessary for combining components; The emergence of general qualities in the components.

Pedagogical technology - the field of research on theory and practice (within the framework of the education system), which connects with all parties to the organization of the pedagogical system to achieve specific and potentially reproducible pedagogical results. (P.Mitchell)

Pedagogical technology is an algorithmization of the activities of teachers and students based on the design of all learning situations. (B.V. Palchevsky, L.S.Fridman)

Pedagogical technology (or more narrowly learning technology) is a composite (procedural) part of a learning system related to didactic processes, means and organizational forms of training. It is this part of the training system that answers the traditional question "How to learn" with one essential addition to "how to learn efficiently". (From the point of view of V.Bespalko, B. Bluma, V. Zhuravlev, M. Klarin, Moroeva, V.Monakhov in the retelling O. Pisheva, Prof. Tobolsk Pedagogical Institute. M.V. Lomonosov.)

Pedagogical technology [P.T.] - a set of funds and methods for reproducing theoretically substantiated learning and education processes that allow us to successfully implement the educational purposes. P.T. It consists of prescriptions of the methods of activity (didactic processes), the conditions in which this activity should be embodied (organizational forms of training) and means of carrying out this activity. From a didactic point of view P.T. - This is the development of applied methods describing the implementation of the pedagogical system by its individual elements. (Pedagogical Encyclopedic Dictionary / Ch. Ed. B. M. Bim-Bad. - M.: Large Russian Encyclopedia, 2002. - P. 191.)

Pedagogical technology is a comprehensive, integrative process, including people, ideas, means and ways to organize activities for analyzing problems and planning, ensuring, evaluating and manage problems with problems covering all aspects of learning. (Association for Pedagogical Communications and Technology USA)

Pedagogical technology is an introduction to the pedagogy of a systemic way of thinking, which can otherwise call the "systematization of education". (T.Sakamoto)

Pedagogical technologies - the system method of creating, applying and determining the entire process of teaching and mastering knowledge, taking into account technical and human resources, as well as their interaction, which is asking for its task to optimize form forms. (UNESCO)

The pedagogical process is specially organized, developing in time and within a certain educational system of interaction of educators and pupils, aimed at achieving the goal and designed to lead to the transformation of personal properties and qualities of pupils.

Pedagogical technology can be represented as a more or less rigidly programmed (algorithmized) process of interaction of the teacher and students, which guarantees the achievement of the goal. (M.I.Makhmutov)

Connorative style - the teacher seeks to interfere as little as possible in the vital activity of students, almost eliminates from leadership by them, limited to the formal performance of responsibilities and instructions of the administration.

Rating (from English. Rating - Evaluation, order, classification) is a term denoting a subjective assessment of any phenomenon on a given scale. With the help of the rating, the primary classification of socio-psychological objects in terms of the severity of common properties for them (expert assessments) is carried out. In social sciences, the rating is the basis for building diverse scales of estimates, in particular, in assessing various parties to work, the popularity of individuals, prestige of professions, etc. The data obtained by this usually have the nature of the sequence scales

The creative personality of the teacher is the highest characteristic of his activities, like any creativity, it is closely connected with his personality.

Teleconference is one of the information technologies involving collective network communication in asynchronous mode.

Technologies OFF-LINE - Communication technologies that provide information sharing in a deferred response mode.

Technologies on-line - communication technologies that provide information exchange in real time.

Distance learning technologies are technologies based on the widespread use of developing learning methods, problem and research methods in combination with the maximum use of achievements in the field of information technologies.

The technological script is a description of the information technologies used to implement the pedagogical scenario. In the technological scenario, as in the pedagogical, the copyright view of the content and structure of the course, its methodological principles and techniques of its organization are also being implemented.

The teaching technology is, on the one hand, the set of methods and means of processing, submission, changes and presentation of educational information, on the other - this is the science of the methods of exposure to the teacher to students in the process of learning using the necessary technical or information funds. In the technology of learning, the content, methods and means of learning are in relationships and interdependence. (Pedagogical technologies: Tutorial for students of pedagogical specialties / under the general editors of Kukushkina V.S. - Rostov-on-Don: March, 2002. - S.5.)

Training technology includes a holistic process of setting goals, continuously updating curricula and programs, testing alternative strategies and educational materials, evaluating pedagogical systems as a whole and the establishment of goals anew, as soon as the well-known information is becoming known about the efficiency of the system. (S.Spolding)

The gym is an electronic educational publication, which gives a learning opportunity to independently work out the skills given by theoretical material, to detect weak points in the assimilation of the course. The gym, as a rule, is a series of issues, tasks, practical tasks involving typical answers.

Tutor is a specialist who provides direct assistance to students in the organization of educational activities, gives advice on the subject, a specialist in whose field it is; Conducts practical, laboratory, etc. Classes that cannot be spent remotely and require direct communication of the teacher with learning.

ATTACHMENT 1

Appendix 2.

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The explanatory dictionary of informatics gives the following definition of information technology: "Information technology is a combination of methods, production processes and software and technical means combined into a technological chain, ensuring the collection, storage, processing, conclusion and dissemination of information to reduce the complexity of information resource use processes, Enhance their reliability and efficiency. " We highlight the following main directions for the implementation and use of information technologies in the CIS state education system:

• as an object of studying on propaedeutic, basic, profile and in-depth levels;
• as a means of learning;
• in the management of management bodies for education and educational institutions;
• as a means of access to world information resources.

It should be noted that all these directions, with the exception of the first, in a number of objective and subjective reasons did not receive mass development in the practical activities of the management and educational institutions. The use of IT as a means of learning and in management activities is inhibited by the absence of special structures at all levels coordinating these issues. So far, there are no data banks throughout the vertical of management to the available domestic and foreign information computer and telecommunication technologies for schoolchildren learning, IT to automate management in the education system. The largest problem that impedes the widespread introduction of IT is clearly insufficient familiarization of existing teachers and administrative workers, students of pedagogical educational institutions with the practice of using modern educational technologies, including information. As a problem, it should be noted the lack of skills to work with a computer with most of the current teachers - subjects and school leaders. In the general process of using modern educational technologies in the school system, so far, unreasonably focused on informational technologies for managing pedagogical systems. Introduction and use in individual schools of computer programs (for example, "schedule", "performance", "frames", etc.) has, as a rule, unsystematic character.

The practice of using IT in the general secondary education system is currently continuing to be determined by the following main factors:

• technical conditions under which the following components are understood: Modern computer equipment, software and methodological support for pedagogical purposes, telecommunications;
• personnel conditions under which the level of training of teachers - subjects, heads of educational institutions, employees of management bodies in the use of IT are understood.

The problem of using information pedagogical technologies is advisable to consider in the context of solving the fundamental task of the school system at any historical stage of its development - improve the quality of education. Currently, it is possible to state the fact of low efficiency of learning a significant part of schoolchildren. One of the real ways to improve the quality of school education is the use of modern teaching technologies, including information.

Information Computer Technologies themselves significantly expand the possibility of organizing the educational process. Pupils receive modern, convenient, effective means of working with information: search engines, text and graphic editors, spreadsheets, databases.

The following types of learning programs are most common in the CIS countries in the SIS schools:

• simulator programs;
• control programs;
• modeling programs;
• demonstration programs;
• multimedia encyclopedias;
• electronic textbooks;
• subsection lessons.

For a number of reasons, the degree of propagation of these types of training programs is different. The development of information technologies in general secondary education involves the achievement of the following main goals:

1. Implementation of social order due to informatization modern society and involving the preparation of competent users and IT manufacturers.

2. Intensification of all components of educational and management processes in the direction of improving the quality of general secondary education.

3. Development of the creative potential of the student, the ability to communicate actions. The formation of skills and skills of experimental research activities, an increase in the overall culture of educational activities.

"Introduction of information computer technologies (ICT) in school practice, to the general secondary education system, and therefore in the process of training the teacher (the problem of implementation in the education management process arose later) is accompanied by the emergence of theoretical, methodological and organizational tasks, from the solution of which in many respects The quality of school education depends. It becomes necessary to create a single concept of its informatization, referring to the introduction of ICT both in the pedagogical process and in the management of school education at all levels. "" In turn, the concept of informatization of the education system (or a separate institution) implies implementation in a certain sequence of the whole A set of actions that will allow to implement the goals and objectives set in front of the system in this direction. The definition of goals, tasks of comprehensive informatization and the implementation algorithm for all provided actions gives an idea of \u200b\u200ba certain model of informatization.

The strategic goal of the policy of education management authorities in the field of informatization is the creation of a sectoral automated information network. To implement this purpose, appropriate models should be developed throughout the control vertical, including both the technical and meaningful construction of the system and all its internal and external communications and their provision. So, before the creators of the automated information system (AIS), which unites the management authorities Russian Federation, including the ministry, the requirements of which should satisfy AIS:

The possibility of integration with other external systems;

The ability to adapt to the organizational and production cycles of various institutions;

Scalability is the possibility of effective functioning both within the same organization and within the entire federal education system;

Quality - the system should be based on international standards in quality management;

Functional reporting is the ability to form reporting documentation in strict accordance with regulatory documents;

Reliability - there should be experience in long-term operation of the system in institutions and organizations of the educational sphere (at least 10 years), and the technology and architecture of the construction of the system must ensure its service life of at least 20 years. "

Obviously, the fulfillment of all these requirements is possible only by a highly professional team of developers. At the same time, it is inappropriate to establish such a long service life of the system with such a rhythm of changes in technical and software.

To the essential characteristics of information technology management technologies, we will include structural components, properties, processability criteria and others.

The structure of any information technology management assumes the presence of four components:

Descriptions of the goals and objectives of the technology planned;

Complex of technical means (computing, communication, organizational);

Systems Systems (System System and Application Software);

Organizational and methodological systems (instructive and regulatory and methodological materials).

We note an equal degree of significance of each component and its components in the overall structure of IT management. At the same time, the technical basis for information technologies of management activities is:

Means of computer equipment that are the basis of the entire complex of technical information technology and are intended primarily for processing and converting information used in management activities;

Means of communication technology providing one of the basic functions of management activities - transmitting information within the management system and data exchange with other levels management systems;

Organizational equipment for automation of management activities in cases where traditional funds are inferior to computer efficiency. It is necessary to note the importance of communication techniques, since in the education system it is based on their basis information links between all control objects. This, in turn, assumes the availability of information networks. In the ideal version, as a result of the development of informatization processes, the education system should have local (equal, centralized), corporate information networks and access to global. In this case, full access to the information of all participants in the process will be provided and, consequently, sharing it.

In the future, information management information technologies should provide interactive user access to information resources of higher management and global networks, eliminating intermediate links to obtain information, exchange it in the "Institution - External Wednesday" system, the functioning of developed communications systems, within which managerial workplaces Connected to send information. An important direction of using information technologies in management is to work with documents. In the near future, in the education system, this should be reflected in the organization of work with documents, their execution, accounting, storage.

The organization of the interpretation of information in the management process involves the decision of the following issues:

Determination of the internal structure of communications, i.e., the set of information transmission channels between the system structural elements of the system;

Definition of the external structure of communications, i.e., the set of information transmission channels between the structural elements of the control system and the external environment;

Definition for each channel of information and the amount of data transmitted and their privacy levels.

In the general process of using IT managerial purposes in the education system, the question of the unity of standards for hardware and software interfaces. The interface means communication technology with a computer and interaction of parts of the computer, i.e. it is a pair of information (data), programs, equipment in which all information, logical, physical, electrical parameters meet the parameters set. In this regard, it is important that all participants in the informatization processes fulfill the requirements for hardware and software complexes based on personal computers (computer classes) for educational institutions, which are established and the state education system.

A variety of technical means and operating systems led to the appearance of the concept of "platform". This concept determines the type of computer and the operating system on which the specific information technology can be used. In other words, computer parameters, operating system and information technology must be consistent.

In general, information technology management systems inherent in a number of properties, from which we allocate the following:

Allowing to effectively use the information resources of all subjects of education management, which saves other resources;

Providing information interaction through informational educational networks, which contributes to the spread of modern methods, methods, teaching technologies; - perform the most important role in obtaining, accumulating, disseminating new knowledge.

Information technologies in education management are applicable in two directions: for information support of the management process and for the implementation of a number of managerial cycle functions, in particular, for analysis, planning, organization and control. Thus, computer capabilities of systematization and the use of analytical materials certainly contribute to efficiency in the analysis of the analysis function. In some cases, the computer is the only possible means in assessing the quality of education in school activities.

3.2. Classification of computer supports support

traditional pedagogical and managerial technologies

There are many definitions of management technologies, information technologies, information technology management. As a basic definition, take the following:

"Technology is the rules of action using any funds that are common to the whole set of tasks or specified situations. If the implementation of technologies is aimed at developing the control influence, then this is the management technology. "

Given that in this study, the technology is considered to a greater extent to the management of education systems, then, therefore, information technology management should have all major signs of the system. The system-forming nature of management technologies proceeds from the presentation of the system as a whole, composed of parts, the totality of elements in relations and connections with each other. Such this and submission of systems in pedagogy, where they are considered as a functioning structure, whose activities are subordinate to certain purposes. Finally, under the system of education management means a set of interrelated and interdependent human, material, technical, information, regulatory and other components related to each other so that due to the management functions.

Based on the specified definitions, we highlight the signs of the education system, which include: the presence of subsystems, an internal organization, interconnection and interdependence of parts between themselves, focusing in operation and development, hierarchy, presence of subordination, unity with the external environment, dynamism, the ability to maintain a stable state. Taking into account this, we will try to answer the question to what details these features are consistent with the essence and construction of the processes of management of comprehensive information of education and, in particular, the design and use of information technologies for managing these processes. The presence of subsystems (intra-school, district (urban) information educational networks), the administrative apparatus of the school and district (urban) control body of the complex informatization of education, the presence of direct and inverse management bonds between them, the interdependence of the control structure components, the distribution of functions in accordance with the management structure of the management structure The interconnection of the goals and results of the management indicate the adequacy of the signs of systemism in the process of managing comprehensive informatization of the school, district (city). Based on the above, we will single out several of the main system-forming factors that determine the effectiveness of technology management technologies (the idea belongs to V. E. Steinberg):

- Appointment of technology: instrumental and technological support of design and technological activities for the management of comprehensive informatization processes;

- Composition of technology: Constants of technology, tools, modules of designed facilities, methods of design and technological activities and the formation of technological competence of management workers;

- Technology constants: control system elements (object, process, entity);

- Technology tools: based on new ways of presenting information, functional modules, models;

- Metrology of technology: Criteria for assessing the quality of design and manufacturability.

These system-forming factors must be taken into account when building a model for the management of comprehensive information of education.

Since information technologies are a set of methods, production processes and software and technical means, we will conduct their classification by some features.

Obviously, information technologies should be provided with technical means. Modern technical means of automation of information and management and pedagogical activities include:

· personal computers;

· Personal computers combined into the network;

· Electronic writing machines;

· Textworking systems (problem-unified computer systems that have large functionality);

· Copy machines;

· Communication products, telephone machinery;

· Tools for automating archival documents and search for information (non-traditional information media: Magnetic discs and ribbons, microfilms, discs with optical records);

· Means for sharing information - email;

· Video information systems;

· Local computer networks;

· Integrated networks of institutions.

The use of information computers management technologies is based on the principle of comprehensive automation of information processes. This is natural and because the control process can be represented as the passage of direct and reverse information flows. Note that information in relation to management processes can be both the subject and the result of management activities. Consequently, the classification of information technologies can be a methodical basis for their choice and use in the implementation of the management process. The proposed generalized approach to the classification of educational information technologies of management assignment (a textbook under the editor. Yu.M. Cherkasova) is based on the allocation of groups of signs:

1. According to the degree of management tasks - electronic data processing, automation of management functions, support for decisions made, email office, expert support, as well as multidisciplinary;

2. By class of technological operations implemented:

Systems with a text editor;

Systems with a tabular processor;

Database management systems;

Systems with graphic objects;

Multimedia systems;

Hypertext systems;

Combined systems;

3. According to the method of building a network - local, multi-level and distributed;

4. According to the method of implementation - traditional and new;

5. According to the functional purpose - analytical, control, accounting, predictive;

6. In the appointment of software - system (to ensure computer systems) and applied;

7. By type of user interface - batch (centralized processing), dialog, network (multiplayer), comprehensive;

8. For serviced subject areas:

Material and technical base;

Personnel composition;

Accounting;

Library fund;

Statistical reporting;

Organization of the educational process (composition of students, schedule, academic performance, etc.);

9. According to the end-use method: text information, audio information, video information.

Any managerial activity is carried out within certain spatial boundaries. For example, the management activity of the formation system of the area is spatially localized as part of the placement of regional education management. Currently, management objects are customary to call offices, and office activities are most characterized by means and methods for converting information. According to management activities, information technologies of documentary support can be allocated information technologies, management of management decisions, etc. At the same time, the following functions are determined in the organization of work with documents (documentation), which perform information technologies:

1. General processing of documents, verification and design.

2. Local storage of documents.

3. Ensuring the pass-through availability of documents without their duplication on paper, remote and joint work of employees on the document.

4. Support for paperless communication between employees from their workplace.

5. Email.

6. Personal data processing.

7. Association of electronic and verbal communications.

8. Maintaining personal databases.

9. Exchange information between databases.

10. Enter / output data or forms. "

We highlight the functions of information technologies aimed at the informatization of pedagogical activities:

11. Support for traditional pedagogical technologies.

12. Pedagogical system with a three-element activity component "Teacher - Computer is a student (group of students)."

13. Obtaining source learning and its processing.

All specified functions are aimed at ensuring management activities as a separate education institution and the management bodies of various levels. When managing the educational institution V.P. Sergeeva highlights several specific applications of computer products:

"Compiling the most optimal for this type educational institution class schedules;

Accumulation and systematization with the subsequent operational presentation of operational information and data on the current results of educational activities;

Monitoring the quality of the educational process;

Creation and continuous update of databases and banks of scientific data, as well as data on the prospects for the development of the relevant branches of science, technology, production for making certain changes in the content of the learning itself;

Dosage of the loading of teachers and students;

The creation of various systems that determine the degree of professional suitability of teachers and teachers;

Development of telecommunicative information systems for the management system of education. "

As a rule, information technology according to its features and composition can perform several functions, and, in which case, it can be attributed to various categories. For example, consider the technology "Informatics tests":

· By the degree of coverage - electronic office and expert support.

· By class of technological operations - database management system and a system with a tabular processor.

· According to the method of building a network - local.

· According to the method of implementation, a new technology, as it is based on the application of the computer and the active participation of users in the process, as well as the high level of the friendly user interface.

· In functional purpose - analytical, control and accounting.

· For the appointment of the software affinity itself - applied.

· By type of user interface - batch, dialogue.

· Under the subject area, the organization of the educational process.

· By the end-use method - text information for the organization of the educational process.

Consider as another example "Frames" technology. This technology is:

· By the degree of management task coverage - automation of control functions, electronic office;

· By class of technological operations implemented - a combined system;

· According to the method of building a network - local;

· In functional purpose - analytical

Consider another example of technology - "Schedule". This technology is:

· According to the degree of management task coverage - automation of control functions;

· By class of technological operations implemented - database management system, a system with a tabular processor;

· According to the method of building a network - the network is not used;

· According to the implementation method - new;

· In functional purpose - analytical, accounting;

· By appointment of software - applied;

· By type of user interface - dialogue;

· According to the serviced subject areas - the organization of the educational process;

· By the end use method - text information.

The classification and structure of information technologies proposed above allow the design of new information technologies and analysis of existing ones.

It has long disappeared the need to consider IT only as a data processing tool. With the help of data from the data, it is necessary to extract information for the needs of the user, and the problem of "information overload" that occurs in this regard requires modern high-speed selection tools, further processing and updating information. At the same time, we should consider the question of commercially favorable and convenient interfaces, as well as on the interaction of joint knowledge between organizational units and cooperation partners.

Fast integration of local systems with regional and even international structures leads to the abandonment of classic computer science fields and the wide attraction of telecommunications. Organizationally, it leads to the "erosion" of the information boundaries of the enterprise. It becomes harder to determine where it begins and where it ends.

The creation and operation of the relevant communication structure for such "virtual enterprises" refer to the tasks of information management as well as the classical function of ensuring the production process or the development of goods and services based on IT. It consists not only in the processing of information, but also rational distribution and use of knowledge. Knowledge must profit and, if possible, today!

In addition, employees and managers of the enterprise should take into account all new and important for IT aspects. An example is the issue of technological and economic values \u200b\u200bof technology. Internet / Intranet.. It is on the information and technological service that is responsible for creating a platform on which corporate management will be possible, including qualified training (including psychological personnel).

Decentralization and growth of information needs

The orientation for the maximum rapprochement with the client demanded from enterprises of transition to horizontal, decentralized structures. Decision making in terms of decentralization led to a sharp increase in information about information regarding production process of goods and services. There was a need for more detailed familiarization of the third party with the state of affairs in the relevant economic regions and systems sales of quality Product. In the new situation, the provision of information in all directions should function flawlessly.

The use of IT is designed to level the organizational complexity of the enterprise. Previously, this was achieved due to the laying on computers of complex computing and processing documentation in very large volumes. Now we are talking about continuously complicating horizontal and vertical models of relationships (whose structure, in turn, are constantly changing) improved with the help of new communication technology.

Earlier, powerful computing centers were installed at the enterprises, which were preparing a huge number of digital reports, on the basis of which economic activity was subsequently carried out. Now the task of the company's IT services is to develop such technology with which it would be possible to keep up to date with the events of managers and their partners that make decisions under decentralization. New information and technological systems should ensure a non-some abstract economic system, and specific partners who participate in a diverse forms in the economic process.

Integration of decentralized systems

Information on enterprises is processed within the framework of a wide variety of systems often not related to each other. Ensuring their wide availability for all employees (as well as external partners) and make it easier to make creative solutions can become critically important factor Success for many enterprises. At the same time, the vertical association and horizontally information technology systems arising under decentralization seems almost impossible. In any case, in the classic fields IT experience on this score. However, integration should occur.

The formulation of such a goal is necessary to the highest management for real change management. The organizational lever in its achievement can be virtual, design and working groups combined by the general interests of the implementation of current projects and solving long-term tasks. Perhaps such groups can even effectively manage the functions of distributed departments of the company and accompany their activities of IT. In this case, an integration approach to interrelated technological, social, functional and economic processes could be the integration approach.

Investments and risks

Intrections in IT today entail numerous consequences. On the one hand, they open certain perspectives, and on the other hand, they can deprive the enterprise of promising opportunities in the future due to the dependencies associated with rapid technological changes and "binding" to any single technology or a specific supplier. Therefore, the investment decisions in IT should not be taken until the risks of the application of certain computer and telecommunicative funds will be assessed and professional advice has not been received, which way will the development of the next generation of technology go. When planning investments in IT, it is necessary to "hold" the ultimate goal of their acquisition and deployment in the mind - how IT will contribute to the implementation of the business strategy of the enterprise.

Psychological Factor and Language Levels

Naturally, the new technology increases performance, helps the firm to achieve the best business results. Along with this, managers should be aware of how thinks and how people who use new technology work. Firms that succeeds better can hope for a great return on the funds invested in IT.

Manufacturers of information technology and integration teams must learn how to make offers not only in highly specialized terms. In the negotiation partner will raise questions that are of fundamental importance for top management in his company. It is important here that both sides come to a new negotiation level on which the parties would speak in the same language.. In this case, it is not about the quality of technology, but about the quality of service services. Technique, of course, should work well, be at a high level. At the same time, its manufacturer must feel at the place of the manager, who seeks to achieve competitive advantage. A clean seller in the IT sales system goes into the past. A similar situation should be addressed at the enterprise itself, especially when it comes to multidisciplinary production or the provision of a variety of services. The IT manager's ability to find a common language with departments managers should cease to be the art of single, and to turn into everyday practice.

4.4. IT development and organizational changes in enterprises

New information Technology and implemented on their basis information Systems are a powerful tool for organizational changeswhich "force" enterprises to rebuild their structure, field of activity, communications, resources, i.e. full reengineering Business processes to achieve new strategic goals. Table 4.4 shows some technical and technological innovations, the use of which inevitably leads to the need to change in the organization.

Table 4.4. Factors leading to the need for reengineering enterprises

Information Technology	Organizational changes
Global networks	International separation of production: the company's actions are not limited to localization; The global field of activity is expanded; The costs of production at the expense of cheap labor are reduced, the coordination of branches is improved.
Network of enterprises	Collaboration: The organization of processes is coordinated over the boundaries of units, distributed production capacity becomes a dominant factor. Process management obeys a single plan.
Distributed control	Powers and responsibility change: individuals and groups have information and knowledge to act independently. Business processes cease to be "black boxes". Current management costs are reduced. Centralization and decentralization are well balanced.
Distributed production	The organization becomes partially virtual: production is not tied to the geographically to one place. Information and knowledge are delivered to where they are needed, in the desired quantity and at the right time. Organizational and capital costs are reduced, as the need for real estate is reduced to place the means of production.
Graphic user interfaces	All in the organization, starting from top managers and ending with performers, have access to the necessary information and knowledge; Process management is automated, control becomes a simple procedure. Organizational processes and document management are simplified, since management impacts are moving from paper incarnation to digital.

The introduction of information technologies can lead to organizational changes in varying degrees: from the minimum to far reaching. It all depends on the company's development strategy, subject area its activities, from the development of the network of business processes, on the degree of integration of information resources and, of course, on the degree of determination and perseverance The top management of the enterprise to bring started transformations to a logical completion.

Table 4.5 contains the results of organizational changes in the company under the influence of IT.

Table 4.5.

Opportunity	Organizational impact (result)
Business	IT convert unstructured processes into partly structured and structured, suitable for automation of the decision making
Automation	IT replace or reduce the role of the artist in performing standard (routine) functions and operations
Analysis	IT provide analytics with the necessary information and powerful analytical means
Information	IT deliver all the necessary information to managerial and production processes to the final consumer
Parallelism and access	IT allow you to build processes in the desired sequence with the possibility of parallel execution of the same type of operations and simultaneous access of many devices and performers
Data Management and Knowledge	IT organize collection, processing, systematization of data, formation and dissemination of knowledge, expert and audit actions to improve processes
Tracking and control	IT Provide detailed tracking of processes and control of management impacts
Integration	IT directly combine parts of activities in interrelated processes that were previously related through intermediaries and intermediate managerial links
Geographic and telecommunications	IT quickly transmit information to perform processes, regardless of their place

In fig. 4.3 shows four main structural change class In the company that are supported by information technology. Each of them has its own consequences and risks.

The most common form of organizational changes with IT - business Process Automation (Business Process Automation - BPA). The first applications developed by IT affected financial transactions and document flow, since this is the most formalized part of the company's business processes. Calculations and execution of payments, transaction control and movement of documents, direct customer access to their deposits - these are standard examples of early automation. The risk of introducing these technologies was minimal, winning very large.

Fig. 4.3.

A deeper form of organizational change, already affecting the structure of production, - rationalization of work procedures or improvement of processes (Business Process Improvement. - BPI).

To guide orders in complex and distributed procedures and processes, it is necessary to change the procedure for their execution. The essence of changes is the rational building of technological procedures, saving process space and time. Rationalization also does not introduce a large additional risk, as it can begin with local procedures and processes and only after receiving the economic effect to spread to all enterprise.

A more serious type of change - reengineering (reflashing) business processes (Business Process Reengineering - BPR) during which the processes are re-identifiable, analyzed, rethink and change to optimize production to radically reduce costs. UTI use helps to implement all these processes with the greatest efficiency. Business reengineering reorganizes production and management processes, combines and improves them, eliminates the duplication of the same type of operations. All this requires a new, fresh vision of the problems of the enterprise and its place in the established market relations and in the modern world.

Procedures BPA, BPI and BPR are usually limited to individual features, processes, company divisions or individual parts of the business. The risk of such changes becomes tangible if the company is properly not prepared for the necessary changes in both procedural or process regions and in the enterprise management system.

New IT, ultimately, are designed to change the nature of the whole organization, transforming it objectives and strategic aspirations (Paradigm Shift. - PS). For example, the development of a fundamentally new market niche, the opening of the company's branches in other countries, the acquisition of another company or merger with a partner company, etc. Such organizational changes possess the greatest riskbut they carry and the highest return. The management of the company should be consciously approach to changes in this type, understanding the full measure of responsibility for the global decisions taken.

Table 4.6 shows the qualitative distribution of companies on the basis of the backwardness or success of the introduction and application of new IT technologies.

Table 4.6.

RAST (remaining in the past)	Crisis (in crisis)	Forward (competitive)	Leading (leading)
The company's management does not believe in the possibilities of IT for business development.	The company's management does not participate in the planning of IT activities.	The activities in the field of acquisition, development and implementation of IT are planned with the basic needs of the Company's activities.	The highest leaders of the company form policies in the field of application and development of IT.
IT costs were unreasonable, insufficient or ineffective.	The IT department has no independent value.	Expenditures are under control.	The company skillfully applies the latest technologies to manage and develop their business.
The basic principle of acquiring computing means is cheaper and fast installation without planning and studying solutions.	IT costs do not increase with changes in market requirements and competitors' successes.	The IT computing environment is distributed, reliable and understandable in use.	IT costs are aimed at obtaining a competitive advantage.
IP is not supported, not modified, does not develop.	Computing and networking equipment is purchased without a developed and approved IT project from the case.	Modern international standards and application development platforms are used.	Developed, reliable and convenient infrastructure, managed and easily customizable configuration, convenient interfaces.
Operation is given to random people.	The main part of the IT budget is spent on operation and support.	Basic and auxiliary business processes are supported by IT applications.
	IP is increasing chaotic, the complexity grows to the detriment of understanding and flexibility.	The company is ready to conduct reengineering of major business processes.	It is possible to use ready-made solutions in flexible reengineering conditions, customized solutions are integrated with existing and open to further develop applications.
New developments are usually absent.	New developments are usually ineffective and do not pay off.	New developments are usually effective, costs over time pay off completely.
Staff training has never been produced.	Training funds are not allocated.	Regular advanced training of personnel.	The company has its own training center.

In the development of computing and information systems of enterprises, the main trend is increasingly integrating IT / IP for maximum return, improve the efficiency of the use and growth of "return investment".

Information factor becomes decisive to understand the prospects economic Development. Indeed, throughout the historic path, a person learned to convert and use energy and material objects through the registration and accumulation of information images.

The basis of any information technology is a writing, the emergence of which initiated the first information revolution. Access to information was limited, the level of data processing was manual, knowledge could not significantly affect the production.

The invention of the printed machine and the spread of typography led to the second information revolution. Knowledge began to be replicated and influence production.

The emergence of personal computers made a third information revolution. Information becomes a resource on a par with materials, energy and capital, which contributes to the formation of the new economic category -ational information resources. Knowledge turns into directly productive power.

It was the inability to effectively exploit the information resources (both in the field of production and distribution) was a very serious cause of the collapse of the previous socio-economic system, although the importance of information processing procedures were already realized in the 70s, when designing and distribution of machine tools with numerical control, the introduction of robotics, flexible automated industries, and the like.

Contemporary, only society that uses improving new information technologies (NIT) can be considered developed. The NIT is a totality of databases and data banks (knowledge), technologies of their maintenance and use, this is a combination of information and telecommunication systems and data networks of both nationwide appointments and specialized in individual sectors and sectors of the economy. In addition, the databases and banks (knowledge) must function and interact on the basis of uniform principles and for general rules ensuring the information relationship of the Federation as a whole, individual regions, organizations and citizens, progressive information and mathematical methods and means of manipulating data that are implemented, Develop and operate highly qualified personnel.

Nits are designed to collect, obtain, accumulate storage, processing, analysis and information transfer using computing and communications equipment.

During the formation of a market economy, a significant part of the information resources began to be formed in the non-state sector of the economy in which organizations that produce information and services are already actively operating, as well as specializing in information services.

Such organizations are currently dominant in the business or commercial information market and are often significantly ahead of state, especially in cases where there is a demand for certain types of information products. In this sector, banks of data and knowledge intended for use in the economic and social spheres are created. This is financial, banking, commercial, as well as reference, scientific and technical, historical and other types of information.

Organizational structures and funds of information interaction form an information infrastructure - a complex of industries that provide information servicing the management bodies of the economy and society as a whole. The development of information infrastructure is largely due to the creation of the modern domestic informatization industry. The main tasks in this area should be considered:

Development of the production of modern domestic products of the NIT, systems and means of communication, telecommunication networks;

Promoting the introduction of information technologies used in foreign information systems of national and transnational scale;

Preparation of qualified personnel for work in the field of informatization.

A significant role in the formation of a developed information infrastructure is given to the task of creating a core of this structure - a nationwide telecommunications network, which would allow to combine different networks, systems and communication equipment complexes, providing consumers access to relevant distributed information resources, exchange information in data transmission and email modes.

In general, the modern territorial infrastructure of informatization has not yet been formed, capable of meeting the needs of the center and regions in the information service at the present level.

Moreover, in most regions there are no prerequisites for self-solving problems of creating the necessary infrastructure: the scientific and technical maintenance and experience of solving the problem of integrated informatization is missing, there is no necessary personnel potential, does not meet the requirements of the production base of information services, information resources are not organized in database systems.

Thus, the state of informatization of the regions does not correspond to their increasing role and becomes one of the important factors that restrain their economic development.

The modern stage of the country's economic development is characterized by intensive implementation of networks and data transmission systems of foreign production. This trend is in itself a threat to Russia's national security for the following reasons:

a) the country is addressed to foreign manufacturers;

b) the acquisition and maintenance of such systems are distracted by financial and human resources, which could be sent to the creation of their own national information and telecommunications system;

c) Such systems do not take into account the characteristics of the national communication system and adapt badly to them.

The radical solution of the problem is to implement its own projects and developments in the creation of global and regional telecommunication systems that take into account the specifics of the existing information infrastructure and priority state interests.

The information infrastructure is formed by the market and practically not regulated by legal norms, which generates the uncertainty of management goals, chaotic information processes occurring in economic systems.

In connection with the foregoing, it seems to be relevant to formulate the principles of sustainable informatization of organizational economic systems:

1. The system must be maximally open to obtain information from the entire spectrum of existing external sources and to increase the possibilities (methods and means) of its analytical processing. The introduction of preliminary structuring (filtration) of incoming information should be carried out under the direct meaningful control of decision makers.

2. The system should contain information and analytical mechanisms for predicting external with respect to it and its own behavior. In case of insufficiency of external sources of information, forecasting should be based on group expert treatments.

3. The system should provide a level information and management architecture. It is based on the rule: an increase in the degree of overallity of the results obtained as the control level increases and vice versa.

4. When a break, weakening or changing certain links between the levels of the control structure, the system must continue to function, with some loss of efficiency. For this purpose, it is necessary to introduce duplicate control links, however, this should not lead to excessive structural rigidity of management.

5. Each function or management task can potentially be separated from other functions and have some independence from them, and the number of functions may be unlimited. The general problem area that combines these functions must be fully defined.

6. Opportunities of funds and methods of informatization must ensure all the functions of controlling some limited number of information and technological components (subsystems). The components of the system interact with each other, and the complexity of the interaction is constantly increasing. Each control function is implemented by some definite in advance (preferably the only one) set of system components. With the leveling approaching subsystems, the distribution of the number of components by levels should obey rank patterns.

The listed principles follow from the fundamental patterns of sustainable management of intellectual information systems. They allow you to qualitatively evaluate the degree of sustainability of the implementation of certain decision-making decisions in the development of the processes of informatization of management structures.

Existing information technologies can formally divide into two large classes:

a) software and mathematical instrumental tools of informatization intended for the design of modern NIT;

b) Applied information technologies that ensure the adoption and support of solutions in various fields of technology, economics, etc.