How to create animated movies. How do cartoons

Signs of pregnancy after embryo implantation

Illustrations to the text - working material of the new animated film "Riddle of the Desert" studioTouchFX . The project has not been announced anywhere yet, so the footage is exclusive.

About animation

Animation (to put it very roughly) - is the creation of a visual series of changing images (for example, 24 frames per second). Depending on how the image is obtained, the animation can be drawn (the picture is drawn by hand), a puppet (a picture with puppets is photographed), a computer (the image is generated using computer graphics).

Starevicius decided to move him to the cinema. The creator of the cinema was impressed by the impressive look of the beetles fighting for women. The natural environment of the park was not suitable for filming, so the director decided to transfer them to another, created by him the film. However, artificial jewelry, lighting and the environment scare away the characters of the upcoming film.

The two did not take place, they just tried to escape and not resolve the conflict over women. How did you manage to tell you these live photos for you? Is this a very complicated process? It was really difficult, because most insects are very careful. On the other hand, once the photo was taken, everything was new and invisible, so there was a lot of enthusiasm and stubbornness. For moments, most of the shots were pretty good, but they were a bit lacking in quality.

Visual development and kotsept-art

Computer animation, in turn, can be raster, vector, three-dimensional (depends on the chosen software and method of operation). We will talk about 3D computer animation - that is, about creating animated films using 3D computer graphics programs. And at once we will define with concepts. Animation is the process of creating a movie, and the animation process is the "propelling" of characters and movie objects. But more on this later.

Starevich decided to prepare the beetles, put thin wires in their carcasses and legs to move them, change their postures. Having created battle sketches, each picture was captured by one frame, keeping the speed of the film at a rate of 16 frames per second. Undoubtedly, macro photography requires a lot of patience, until you get the right moment, a quiet photographic state. Starevicius, demanded the same. For example, to create 1 minute It was necessary to capture 960 phases of movement, carnivores, and this process requires a considerable amount of time.

Where does the cartoon begin? With an idea. Producer sets a task to develop preliminary materials on the future film. The script writer starts working on the story. Artist and art director over a visual solution.


The finished package is received by the supervisor (technical director). The supervisor with a kind smile reviews the project proposals and quietly explains that the technical and human resources of the studio are limited. Therefore, the film can not be a super-mega-epic battle scene with the participation of two thousand characters. It's better to get by fighting between the protagonist and the antagonist. Forty-seven unique locations too much. Three would be enough. When cries and abuse between romantics and pragmatists subsided, a new stage in the creation of the cartoon begins - the process of finding a consensus between the producer, supervisor, director and art department.

You might know some tricks of macro photography - when the statistics seem "most suitable" for a photographic lens? Patience needs iron, but when you photograph an interesting object, do not even think about how time passes. But you can never be sure that he will survive. Still, the living insect in the picture will always look better than the dead one. Of course, in movies and photography, it is very important to have available technology that limits or allows the realization of ideas. In the days of Starevich, the technical capabilities of video cameras were not very high.


From model to renderer

Animation film is the result of adaptation of available technology and resources (including financial ones). Classical two-dimensional drawing animation - not an exception. There, too, there were problems finding ways to implement ideas. Remember the cartoon "101 Dalmatians" studio "Disney"? It was the result of using a new technology for studio black-and-white photocopying. Not romantic, but very effective. The same story with three-dimensional animation. At one time computer-generated pictures were considered only as entertainment for geeks. But John Lasseter (the current head of "Pixar") saw in this technology the potential for the realization of his creative ideas. Thanks to the synthesis of the principles of classical animation and the latest technologies, the first full-length computer animated film "Toy Story" appeared. The choice of the plot by the way is also not accidental. The technologies of that time were badly coping with the creation of organic characters - people and animals. But to make a plastic toy could easily. And it was easier to animate it than a person. Then there were the "Adventures of Flick" - about insects (visually the same plastic). And only the development of production capacity and the increase in budgets allowed to start large-scale use in cartoons of animals and people.

Films Starevich create a serious, unpleasant city movie camera. However, the director, a genuinely famous genius of the film, did not interfere with the achievement of his goals. Embroidered with magical and original solutions, the director managed to create something that at that time surprised the audience of films, frightened and valued the thinking of competitors.

What will be the simplest, minimalist method of macro photography? With which photographic technologies could you achieve the best results, better quality? Perfect quality can be achieved with most cameras or lenses, the key is mastering the camera and understanding what you want to achieve. It is best to start with a better soap - this will help you capture your shooting skills.

Let's return to our studio. After numerous rounds of negotiations, discussions, discussions, disputes and quarrels, the concept of the future film is approved. The stage of "preproduction" begins. The script is written, the visual development of the film begins.


3D models and locations

Preproduction and production

Turning to the story: perhaps you know the first photographers who began to focus on macro photography? Do you have the authority of a favorite of the older generation of photographers? Did they affect your work? With the advent of digital technologies, the possibilities have become virtually limitless. However, in addition to the old photographers, this would not be so, they first tried everything else with tape technology - then the entire macrophoto looked like a new and invisible area. Large Lithuanian macrophotographers are also naturalists and entomologists.

They qualitatively capture various types of insects and, thus, collect data on the Lithuanian wildlife. Most macrophotographers live in discoveries, because, finally, we can penetrate deeper into the world of macros, which hides us right under our feet. Most of all I admire the macroographers Thomas Shahan and Igor Sivanovich, who show an incredibly beautiful macro world and show us their closeness. Why do you think these little creatures were chosen? How do artists usually admire them?

The main feature of computer animation - all that is in the frame, should actually exist in a three-dimensional version. So it must be someone invented and created. Animation studio is similar to a conveyor. The first person on it is an artist. He draws characters, environment, interior items, plants.

When there is a ready-made concept art and sketches, direct production begins. In 3D animation, drawings are not used by themselves. They are a kind of "drawing" or "scheme", on the basis of which three-dimensional models will be created and visualized.

In your opinion, is it possible to consider this significant event in the history of cinema one of the first turn in the world of beetles in an artistic context? Here is revealed an incredible thing. Try to imagine a beard 7 cm long with large horns. Artists can be compared freely with naturalists. They are very crazy about what they do. Naturalists mostly admire the shape, color, behavior and way of life of insects. A great variety of species only shows how great this world is, and wants to see even more.

All organisms are interrelated. Insects have eyes, legs, senses. We can also see features that remind us of people. That's why some insects can remind gnomes. Artists are fascinated by everything that lies in secret. Insects are exactly what they are. Vladislav Starevicius chose beetles - actors who did not need to be created. They already existed with their behavior. They just wanted to make them acceptable to people. Moreover, many people have instinctual or acquired fears for many insects.

3D modeling is the construction of objects from points, lines and polygons (polygons). It sounds boring, in practice it looks even more boring, but the result is already pleasing.


The three-dimensional model moves further along the "conveyor". The technical development department, if necessary, adds the necessary attributes to the model. For the character is created a virtual "exoskeleton" (rig), which allows you to animate it, develop facial expressions, create a hairline and much more.

The director, apparently, saw the potential for creating something new and invisible, and discovering something new for the creator is the greatest achievement. The work of Starevicius could be considered a significant event in the history of cinema and considered it one of the first turns to a small, often forgotten world of beetles. In the animation films of Starevicius, probably most of the actors and actors consist of small creatures - dragonflies, spiders, flies, ants, grasshoppers, butterflies, etc. Of course, there are other characters in the film - a fox, a rat, a lion, a dog.

They convey our lives - people - in life, tell us some stories. The director of literary works, he also draws scenes of the film. In your photos, next to the Latin name of the living, you often represent another - an interesting, interesting, interesting title or comment. Given these headings, the captured image looks like a specific symbol. Do you always look at the macrophotography not only as a document correction, but also as something more, with hints of people's lives, tales or movie motives?

In order for the model in the frame does not look like a gray cluster of polygons, it needs to be textured and to implement the shading. In fact - it's coloring the model and giving it the properties of light reflection. Any object you see is the result of falling into the eye of the light reflected from it. Depending on the properties of the object, the light is reflected in different ways. In the three-dimensional graph, the same. Depending on the settings of the reflection of the virtual light source that falls, the ball model can be glass, stone, iron. The more complex the material, the more difficult it is to get the desired effect. For example, human flesh partially absorbs the light that enters it, refracts and dispels it under the skin. All these indicators must be properly adjusted to get a nice picture for the eye (remember, what was written about plastic characters?).

These examples are ideal, because the name itself describes the behavior of the image, form or "actress". Insects really seem to be turned into animated characters that can be compared to people. In January and February, seven short films and one full-length animated feature film will be shown in the Kapitol cinema.

It is dedicated to a small audience of the festival, because it has many bright and elegant stories, stories. On Valentine's Day only adults are invited to the set. They will be shown in the program "Adult games", where films that represent a complex human love, emotional communication, identity crises and relationship problems, presenting the audience with the secrets of the body from the back cover. The film was filmed by animation filmmakers - Valentas Ashkin and Rainis Kalnanellis.


The rendered character

Storyboard

Models of characters and environments are ready. It's time to "revive" them. Then you need to take a step back. While the three-dimensional world was being created, the script writer was finishing the script, and the storyboard artist, along with the director, were engaged in the production of the film. The storyboard is a kind of comic strip, a prototype of the future film. Determine the sequence of actions in the film, the basic plans, some kind of situational humor is invented. Each of us can interpret the script read in different ways. For someone, "fruits on the table" are apples and bananas, and for someone - kiwi and apricots. The task of the storyboard is to make everyone see the film through the eyes of the director. The finished "comic" is superimposed on the sound and creates a kind of rough editing of the future animated cartoon.

The narrator is Algirdas Latennas. The film is based on the classic two-dimensional animation technology. The group consists of more than 30 thousand. individual images, attracted to 300 animators and artists. The film is devoted to the theme of eternal values, the battle of evil and good, abundant motifs of ancient symbols and white fairy tales.

The cost of the ticket for the session is 2 euros. The ticket price for two sessions is 3 euros. Advise what you can do with your relatives or friends at home. Suggest try your hand at playing computer games. Perhaps at first glance it does not look like that, but a computer game tournament can be very funny, and you will not only be able to spend some time, but also to get to know each other better. For example, find out whether it is important for a partner to win and be the first. Or maybe your second half is focused on action, not on winning?


"Storyboard"

Animation

Here begins the linguistic hell. Animation animators animate characters on the basis of animation.

Animation - literally "animation", from the Latin "anima" - the soul.

How does the animation work? Imagine a puppet in the puppet theater. That's exactly the same, just "inside" the computer program. The animator changes the position of the controllers on the exoskeleton of the character in such a way as to obtain the desired movement. The lesson is very painstaking. A day can make a few seconds of good animation.

He or she will behave in a similar way, most likely in other life situations. Of course, think in advance about winning, waiting for the winner - this will give you additional motivation. Start playing sports together. Have you ever wanted to register at a sports club, but did not do anything? Your favorite or loved one can be a great incentive to finally start playing sports! For example, start running around the park near the house, or maybe you can do aerobics or yoga at home, which you can take alternately.


To accelerate this process in animation, the motion capture motion (mocap) technology is applied. Briefly, the mocap in the cartoon is the same as you know, heard and seen about "Avatar" and Goluma from "The Lord of the Rings". The technology is used the same. The actor wears a special suit with retro-reflective markers, each of which is responsible for the controller on a three-dimensional character. A person moves, the cartoon character moves.

You will find ideas on what to do on the Internet. Produce, produce, produce! After all, cooking together, and then enjoying your own food - it's really fun. You not only have a great time for dinner, but also learn more about the culinary skills of a partner and about what kind of food he likes. If you do not want to spend money on complex ingredients, do your job making dinner only from the products that you will find at home. Both really will solve this problem!

Take a photo session. A really great time, even if you do not have a precious camera. To be more interesting, use everything that you find at home: clothes, cosmetics, accessories. Believe me, after years of watching these pictures, it will be very interesting to remember your early years spent together.


Mocap and Animation

And again the conveyor. Added to the three-dimensional scene with objects, environment and animated characters are virtual light, virtual cameras, virtual special effects. All this is a matter of rendering - that is, visualization.


Organize the old animation session. You can watch a romantic film and spend the evening, as always, or do something more interesting. For example, change the normal film to cartoons for children that you observed as a child. When you remember your childhood, you will learn a lot about the new partner, and it will not be boring, because when you look at old cartoons, you will probably notice many more things that you did not notice in your childhood.

Just browse the Internet. The computer does not necessarily have to keep you out of the way, sometimes it can approach! If you get up to sit down at the cinema, invite your favorite or favorite guests, have tea and go online - read interesting articles or watch funny videos. You really will not be bored, and you will have the opportunity to share your views on what you see and what you read.

Likbez on the render

From the lessons of physics in school we remember that vision is a process of perception of reflected light. In the three-dimensional scene the same. The object gets a conditional "ray" from a virtual light source (say a light bulb). The ray is reflected from the object (taking into account the shading settings), falls on another object, is reflected again and falls into the "eye" (the lens of the virtual camera). The number and method of reflections depends on the complexity of the scene, the intensity and the source of lighting of many other factors. Rendering is the process of rendering and visualizing the results of this light reflection. The more physically correct are given the parameters of light sources, the number of ray tracing and methods of reading them when they hit the eye, the more physically correct and photo-realistic will be the final image. Rendering - technologically one of the most complex operations of three-dimensional graphics. For understanding - the rendering of one frame depending on the complexity and task can take from several minutes to several hours. The second animation is 25 frames. 25 hours of machine-time processor. On average, more than three months are allocated for the project's rendering.


The rendered character

"Walt Disney Animation Studio" thanks to its own technical achievements and programs was able to achieve the performance of its computing capacity of 1.1 million render-hours per day. For comparison, with such technologies, the cartoons "Ralph" or "Cold Heart" would have been rendered in 10 days (the total need for each of the projects was about 11 million render-hours).


The rendered video sequence is further mounted, special effects are added, color correction is carried out. If necessary, the image is stereotyped so that the film is available in 3D viewing format. By the way, to get a stereo picture, you have to render each frame two times - with the calculation of the offset for the right and left eyes.


The assembled and processed video is synchronized with the sound (voice of characters and interhumans). Everything, the cartoon is ready. Enjoy watching.


PS. I will tell you more about each stage, yes. But a little later. Thank you for attention.

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How do cartoons?

It is generally accepted that a cartoon is an entertainment for children. However, beautiful cartoon stories are loved not only by kids, but also by adults. Today, animation has ceased to be just fun. This is a real art and a complex technical process. Want to learn how to make cartoons? Let's look to where the animated pictures come to life, and they learn to speak plasticine characters - in the artist's animation studio.

How it all began

Few people know that the animation appeared even before the cinema. The founding father of the cartoons is considered to be Emile Reynaud. He in 1877 presented the first moving tape to the public, on which the pictures were successively replaced. However, before him there were attempts to revive the pictures. As early as the 15th century, books were distributed in Europe, which, with rapid flipping, created the illusion of character movements. Actually, this is precisely the principle of animation itself.

Create a simple cartoon in the forces of either of us. We take a notebook, draw on each of its pages the same character in different poses, simulating a sequence of movements, then quickly turn over the pages. Our eye perceives this as a single video.

By the way, initially the animation was an adult entertainment. To make children's cartoons began only in the XX century.

What are the cartoons?

Drawn pictures

The most popular type of animation to this day is the painted one. Only technical devices change. If before the cartoons were drawn by hand, now it is done on the computer. The principle of how to draw cartoons, remained unchanged.

First a detailed script is written. Then all the characters are drawn. Each figure represents an element of the character's movement, a separate pose. There can be thousands of such drawings. After the drawings are either photographed one by one and are reduced to a single video series with 24 frames per second, or using special programs the same is done on the computer.

3D cartoons

Computer animation is the most promising direction for today. It highlights 3D cartoons. They allow you to make a 3D image. This is a very expensive technology, but 3D cartoons today are assembling full rooms in cinemas.

How do 3D cartoons? Of course, modern technologies come to the aid of man. The picture is created using special computer programs, for example, Maya or Z-Brush. First, the "skeleton" of the character with all the muscles and tendons is drawn. Each of them, as in the present human body, is responsible for this or that action. That is, when turning the head, we will see the movement of the neck muscles, and with bending the arm will strain the bicep. Particular attention is paid to the face, muscles, responsible for facial expressions.

Then the texture is stretched on the skeleton. And this is not only the color of the skin and clothing. It is important to work out every wrinkle and wrinkle, all chiaroscuro and so that the character looks alive. Also, the background is worked out in detail. Everything should be as plausible and realistic as possible. In order not to draw each blade of grass, the multipliers have special modules that "plant" the vegetation in the frame as it grows in reality.

Then the installation begins. Usually the animator creates 4 seconds a cartoon a week - so it's a painstaking process! To be in time on time, dozens of animators usually work on the cartoon.

Now, when you look at the next "Shrek" in 3D, remember how they make cartoons. Video length of 90 minutes - the work of hundreds of people and the fruit of many months of work.

Plasticine cartoons

Favorite from childhood plasticine cartoons are made a little easier. But you can not call for help on the computer, except at the stage of installation. All the figures in all their actions are molded by hand.

In professional studios, the figures are made from a special plasticine that does not melt under the lamps. Then they are laid on a special surface of pure color (blue, green) - chrome. Figures are filmed on a digital camera. Then the background is also removed. And already on the computer background and figures are connected. This is called the method of shifting. Now it is the most common.

You can create your own plasticine cartoon at home using the camera. Now on the Internet there are many master classes devoted to how to make plasticine cartoons. And for this you do not need to have a professional set of tools. Sufficient digital "soap box", plasticine, talented hands and a simple program for video processing.

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