Tractor t 40 m specifications. Advantages and disadvantages. Reviews T-40 tractor modifications

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abstract

T-40 tractor

Introduction

  • Technical characteristics of the tractor T-40
  • Classification
  • Operational properties of the tractor T-40

Conclusion

Bibliographic list

INTRODUCTION

The T-40 tractor is a brand of wheeled tractor manufactured by the Lipetsk Tractor Plant from 1961 to 1995. In colloquial language, the tractor T -40 is called a forty-forty.

It also provides improved visibility. The profile of the plunging hood, the excavation fuel tank and the narrow rape ripper provide the operator with an unobstructed view of the working areas at the front and rear of the machine. The new air conditioning system automatically regulates the work of the ripper. Heating and air conditioning systems maintain a constant cabin temperature throughout the day. The reinforcement of the side seats limits the lateral movement, especially on the side slopes. The tilt and lateral control function is proposed as a standard for the driver so that he knows the terrain better and thus can adapt the vehicle accordingly. The driving position provides exceptional visibility. . Additional functions.

The tractor is designed for plowing light soils in gardens and greenhouses, processing of tilled crops, for working with a mower, a stacker, a snow blade, as well as for transport work. The tractor has a semi-frame layout with a carrier gearbox and rear axle. The engine is mounted on a half frame rigidly connected to the gearbox housing. The rear drive wheels have an increased diameter and stiffer suspension. Front wheels with reduced diameter. The tractor was produced in all-wheel drive (T-40A) and rear-wheel drive versions. The tractor has an adjustable track and adjustable ground clearance of the front wheels. For work in row-spacing, interchangeable rear wheels of reduced width can be mounted on the tractor. To work on steep slopes, the track can be increased by installing the rear wheels "inside out".

Equipment and means of direction control

Emergency soft controls require little effort and are more comfortable in the long run. Electronic controls eliminate direct mechanical power train connections to reduce noise and vibration inside the cab. The electronic manipulator is convenient and easy to use. It allows the driver to control all the functions of the car with his right hand.

The handle, which is tightly attached to the e-ripper’s electronic control, provides strong support for the rider even when the rough terrain is broken. The control lever with a light finger controls the raising and lowering. Monitoring, management and improvement of the site.

Trouble-free operation of tractors T-40 and T-40A for a long time is possible with good knowledge of the design, knowledge and observance of the rules of maintenance, as well as the characteristics of handling tractors. Therefore, it is especially important to study in detail the tractors for specialists in agricultural engineering.

This paper reveals the overall design of the tractor T-40, design features, special attention is paid to the engine, and performance properties.

Completion of the cooling system

This integration makes the car a more advanced tool to better inform the driver about productivity gains. The position of the blade automatically adapts to maintain the slip at the highest possible level. This gives you the ability to effectively monitor the performance of your equipment so that you can complete your work in a timely manner, work smoothly on your machines and reduce the cost of managing your fleet. It also allows you to view and change driver settings and settings. . To customize to suit your needs.

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE T-40 TRACTOR

General technical characteristics of the tractor T-40:

Engine power - 40 hp (29.4 kW).

The constructive mass of the tractor T-40 is 2370 kg,

The number of gears - 7 forward and 7 back,

The range of forward and backward speeds is 6-26.7 km / h.

A four-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine of air cooling D-37, or D-144, produced by Vladimir Tractor Plant, is installed on the tractors. The power of the D-37 engine is 37 hp, and that of the D-144 engine is 50 hp. The engine is started by an electric starter or (on parts of tractors) by the starting petrol engine PD8. Engine cooling - air. The cylinders and their head are equipped with ribs to increase heat transfer. An oil cooler is installed on the right side to cool the oil.

Fleet offers mining a complete overview of all operations through real-time machine tracking and distribution, as well as performance management. Land leveling is a modern machine guidance system. providing drivers with rock leveling equipment real-time performance information. We work tirelessly to improve the design and technology of our products to achieve our customers' safety goals and create a safe working environment.

Driver Presence Monitoring Station

This feature locks the powertrain and hydraulic system under certain conditions to prevent accidental movement when the driver does not sit down. Heavy-duty standard railings are strategically located to protect the driver outside the cab.

The transmission is fully reversible, allowing the use of the entire range of speeds both in the front and in the reverse. Installation of a mechanical or hydrovolume creeper reducer for operation at low (less than 2 km / h) speeds is provided. The tractor has two power shafts - rear and side.

A feature of the T-40 tractor is the possibility of aggregating it without retrofitting with mounted and trailed machines designed for tractors of adjacent classes - lighter T-25 and heavier “Belarus” family. The tractors have two multi-mode independently controlled power take-offs, which also expands the functionality of the tractor. Reversible transmission allows the tractor to work with mounted implements in reverse (with other types of wheeled tractors, the reverse is intended only for maneuvering). This circumstance, as well as the successful combination of performance qualities, provided the tractor with wide recognition throughout the USSR.

Decrease in external sound level

Various options are available. Wheels and free wheel segments with sound insulation A complete set of sealed engine covers. Full isolation of the engine compartment and fairing. . Storage points provide your employees with a positioning system for repair and maintenance.

Motorized access system

This feature provides access to lift cylinders for cleaning or repairing mirrors and lights. Fences located on both sides of the stairs, allow you to always have three points of contact. An alarm sounds if the parking brake is released, or the blade is lowered when the scale is expanded.

Rear panel and railing

  Works with hydraulic transmission system. . The platform provides access to the rear window for cleaning and repairing the tail light. The modular design of the ladder allows you to adapt its length to the rear of the tractor to meet the specific needs of the customer.

The tractor T-40 is built in the usual way, with a front-engine arrangement, from which power is transmitted through a transmission located at the rear of the car to the rear wheels. The ground clearance of 500 mm under the front axle and rear axle makes it possible to process tilled crops and at the same time ensures good stability of the machine.

All the flexibility to adapt the machine to your needs. All blades include robust box construction that is resistant to cracking and cracking. Blades are made of high strength steel and can withstand the most intensive applications. A durable bumper, as well as bolted cutting blades and hardened tips provide extra strength and durability.

Rippers are designed for fast penetration of solid materials and deep penetration into various soils. The driver can adjust the length of the tooth from his seat using a monodal spindle remover. Universal ripper: usually for lighter applications for cutting less hard materials. Adapts the tractor to the material with one, two or three teeth.

  • Large single tooth available for large depth cracking.
  • Reaches a high level of performance.
Easy installation without hammer for greater safety. lower downtime.

For processing tall crops, the ground clearance of the T-40 tractor can be increased to 650 mm by turning the side gears of the front wheel brackets, which is the main feature of the overall layout of this machine.

The productive use of tractors in the processing of tilled crops and other operations is provided by four working speeds, two transport, rear (reserve) and slow (technological) speed. Reverse on all gears allows working cases at the most advantageous location of the implement relative to the tractor, as well as increasing productivity during operations such as collecting hay, drags, light bulldozer works and so on, thanks to high idling speeds.

The rear counterweight provides the tractor with the right balance for maximum reverse flow and is recommended for use if there is no equipment on the rear. Less time in the workshop, much more in the field. One of the main advantages of this modularity is the ability to exchange components with a restored and restored module and to test in order to get back to your work faster.

Ground Level Service Parameters

Thus, reliability and availability are much better, and costs are reduced.

Fast fuel tank filling

  • Secondary engine stop switch.
  • Light switch
  • Filling the fuel tank.
A quick fuel system with its accessory to shut off fuel supply to prevent leakage can reduce fuel loss and downtime.

Tractor transmission consists of the following main components:

Clutch - friction, dry, single-disk, permanently closed with an additional clutch for independent drive of power take-off shafts.

Transmission - manual, eight-speed with one slow-speed transmission and one reverse gear, with a transverse shaft arrangement. All programs have a reverse.

Preventive maintenance programs and guaranteed service contracts Exceptional availability of parts. Train your drivers to increase your profitability. . Designed to reflect on future generations. It also helps you do the same by increasing the productivity of your business through products, services, and solutions that use resources more efficiently. We produce our tractors so that they are as calm as possible, and to minimize their impact on the lives of local people. Eco-friendly drain valves facilitate the collection of fluids for proper disposal or disposal. Tractors blue, white, red, sorry, blue, green, red, make the first page of the media.

The main gear consists of spur gears. The driven gear is mounted on the differential case.

Differential - simple, two-satellite, closed, with automatically activated locking.

The final gear is made in the form of a pair of spur gears.

The island of the tractor consists of half-frames fastened together and housings of the clutch, transmission, brakes and final drives. The semi-frame rests on the front telescopic bridge, which allows you to change the wheel track in accordance with the width of the row spacing. Rear track gauge regulate the position of the wheel rim relative to its disk. Track rear wheels regulate the position of the wheel rim relative to its disk.

By design - semi-frame

The question is: can we protect French reproduction and, in a broader sense, hexagonal agriculture behind the wheel of imported tractors? The reality is that farmers do not need to blush, bleach or blush the behavior of their customers.

We do not have a tractor driver, but we have factories.

One thing is certain: no French manufacturer will ask a question, since France does not own any brand of tractor. We did not go from orange to red, but from orange to green. In France, we do not have a tractor manufacturer, but we have tractor factories. Tractors made in France come from two historic factories that belong to Claas in Le Mans and Massy Ferguson in Beauvais.

CLASSIFICATION

According to the field of application T-40 tractor belongs to agricultural.

To destination - universal propashnoy tractor.

By design - semi-frame.

On the chassis - wheel

Traction class - 0.9 ts., Nominal tractive effort - from 8.1 to 12.6 kN.

OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF TRACTOR T-40

Country Harvesting

This includes three models with a capacity of 130 hp. 150 hp and 170 hp Massy Ferguson, Klaas, Kubota, factories, jobs and investments in France: all this does not make a three-color brand yet. And in the world of self-propelled and self-propelled machines, France considers many categories of equipment intended for traction or harvesting.

France, No. 3 in the field of agricultural machinery in Europe

A case in point is France’s inability to create a world leader in agricultural technology that benefits other sectors. In third place, France produces 12% of European production of agricultural machinery. As already noted, the production of agricultural machinery in France is partly provided by foreign manufacturers. Along with the tractor plants and grape harvesting machines mentioned above, the factories are located in our territory dedicated to the production of engines, presses, presses and front loaders, equipment for green spaces, transmissions, etc. nevertheless, French manufacturers obviously represent the vast majority of industrial facilities.

The operational properties of tractors include: traction and dynamic, agrotechnical, technical-economic and general technical.

High performance and low fuel consumption can be obtained only if, when drawing up a machine-tractor unit, to select a favorable mode of engine operation, load the tractor so as to minimize unproductive power losses. To do this, it is necessary to use the regulatory characteristics of the engine and the traction characteristic of the tractor, to be able to analyze the balance of tractor power and know how to improve the efficiency of the tractor. Comparing information about the traction resistance and the agrotechnical requirements of the speeds of agricultural machines with traction characteristics of the tractor, they achieve the most advantageous use of the tractor, the maximum performance and the greatest economy of the tractor unit.

Typology of French agricultural machinery companies

No one will be able to convince that not a single national producer in the capitalist sense has yet been quoted. But with more than 500 listed companies, including subcontractors, the panorama is wide. We will be forgiven for not displaying it. In France, the agricultural machinery sector is organized around.

Engine and fuel consumption

Tractor manufacturers offering a wide range of related equipment with significant financial opportunities and selling their products worldwide. Three companies assemble their tractors in the territory, other tractor manufacturers produce in France a part of their range of equipment or self-propelled components.

The power plant, providing energy to the tractor T-40, is the engine D-37M. This engine has a regulator that provides the engine not only with full power at nominal speed, but also at lower revs with lower power. When overloading, the engine is unstable, the speed fluctuates greatly even with small changes in load, the engine overheats and stalls easily. Therefore, when overloaded, using the torque reserve, they work for a short time and only to overcome temporary additional resistances.

Let's start with the pros

Some agricultural software companies, the number of which has decreased significantly due to the consolidation of the sector. Very small, non-specialized, craft companies also supply components or repair and adapt existing machines.

Trade balance

Because for the French sector of agricultural technology is not so good. But an analysis of industry accounts reveals a chronic and structural trade deficit. Repetitive criticism that invariably revives every crisis. But this is another topic that deserves further development.

If it is impossible to use the full power of the engine (the traction resistance of the machines is small, and the speed is limited according to the agrotechnical conditions), it is advantageous to use the engine in one of the partial modes.

Maintaining low specific fuel consumption at different engine speeds is one of the important features of the engine characteristics of the T-40 tractor. The second not less important feature is the sloping flow of the specific consumption curve when the fuel supply lever is lowered, which corresponds to full rotation, the load fluctuates from max. To 30 hp. does not remove the specific consumption beyond 190 g / e. hp Consequently, the efficiency of work does not deteriorate even with large fluctuations in traction resistance. Using these features of the engine when working on the tractor T-40 reduces fuel consumption and reduces the cost of work performed.

Strengths, weaknesses and opportunities

Some people will appreciate this interpretation a little disastrous, and we will not completely deny them. A wide variety of crops and farming systems creates a need for a wide range of equipment. The distribution network also provides a link between producers and users and is actively involved in the dissemination of innovations in agriculture along with prescription and advisory bodies. Finally, the offer in higher education provides education, the quality of which is appreciated. This sector is actively involved in the development of learning.

The combination of the properties of the tractor that affect the yield and determine the tractor's fitness for agricultural work is called agrotechnical qualities. The tractor T-40 possesses such features and qualities that provide agrotechnical requirements for wheel universal propashny tractors. For such tractors, one of the main estimates is the permeability of row crops of row crops above the plants, which is determined by the agrotechnical clearance. An important feature of the T-40 tractor is the possibility of changing the agrotechnical clearance from the largest - 800 mm to the minimum - 500 mm, which makes it possible to use this tractor for inter-row processing of crops in various stages of their growth. T-40 tractors, due to their low weight, deform and compact the soil less than other universal tilled tarators. The agility of tractors T-40 is characterized by the smallest turning radii.

To the number of operational features of general technical order should include air cooling of the main engine. Air cooling turned out to be reliable, providing the necessary thermal conditions in the cold season.

The speed of the tractor T-40 covers the range from 0.6 to 27 km / h., Which provide a mechanical creeper.

The reverse gearbox of tractors T-40 improves tractor maneuverability and expands the area of ​​its use. However, long-term work when reversing without special controls is tedious for the tractor driver. To fully utilize the possibilities of working on the reverse, reverse control structures have been developed: the seat rotates 180 degrees and rises 400 mm upwards. The necessary controls and instruments are hung to the new workplace.

From the T-40 tractors, power is taken through the rear and side power shafts, which have independent and synchronous drive. The design of tractors T-40 allows the use of other power takeoff options. An angular gearbox was developed for driving a winch located in the front of the tractor and used for forestry work. A gearbox is installed on the lateral PTO shaft to drive two gear pumps: NSh-10 and NSh-32 or NSh-46, used for volumetric hydraulic drive of various mechanisms.

CONCLUSION

The high safety factor of the transmission units and the undercarriage ensured the T-40 tractor high durability - most of the tractors produced in the 70s-80s are still in operation, both in enterprises and in personal subsidiary farms. The continued production of spare parts allows these tractors to be maintained in good technical condition.

According to the results of tests in 1970, the wheeled tractor T-40 turned out to be one of the best in terms of reliability among the tractors produced by enterprises of the countries members of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. In 1966 - 1970 at international fairs in Moscow, Leipzig and Markkleeberg T-40A tractor was awarded gold medals.

Since 1971, the low-clearance tractor T-40AN has been mass-produced at the plant. In 1973, the T-40 model line was modernized, installing, in particular, an improved diesel D-37E, and the “M” was added to the model index: rear-wheel drive T-40M, all-wheel drive T-40AM and its low-clearance modification T-40ANM with reduced center gravity. The production of modifications T-40M-C1, T-40M-C2, T-40AM-C1, T-40AM-C2 and T-40ANM-C1 with the engine D-144, variants with an increased wheelbase and all-wheel drive chassis T-40AP began for loader. Production of the T-40 model range continued until 1995. In the early 1990s, instead of the outdated T-40, the production of the updated LTZ-55 model began and then the all-wheel drive LTZ-60 traction class 1.4 t.

The analysis of the design features and operational properties of the T-40 tractor, made in this work, allows us to conclude that the T-40 tractor is still a reliable assistant in agricultural work.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LIST

  1. Arkhangelsk B.E. T-40 and T-40A tractors [text] / B.Ye.Arkhangelsky, K.N. Vinogradov, L.N. Krantzov, A.I. Maltsev, A.M. Plyasov, N.I. Samokhin; under total ed. B.E. Arkhangelsky. - 2nd ed., Pererab. - M .: Kolos, 1970. - 204 p.
  2. Vinogradov K.N. T-40, T-40AM, T-40ANM tractors. Technical description and operating instructions [text] / ed. K.N. Vinogradov. - 2nd ed., Pererab. and add. - Lipisk: Lipetsk Tractor Plant, 1976. - 252 p.

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The design of this machine takes all the advantages of the classic layout of wheeled tractors, air cooling and reverse mechanical transmission. Thanks to its advanced performance, the T-40 tractor in several modifications was produced from 1961 to 1995, the last century.

For three and a half decades, 1,200,000 units of tractor equipment of the 0.9th traction category, which is in high demand in agriculture, industrial construction and the municipal sector, rolled off the conveyor.

  • Versatile in many respects, the 40th LTZ (KhTZ) model is aggregated with a wide variety of attached and trailed equipment designed for soil treatment and maintenance of technical crops, loading and unloading bulk materials, snow removal, and transportation on roads without hard surface.
  • The popularity of the "sorokovka" is determined by the high efficiency of operation, the presence of a reversed power transmission that allows using the full range of forward and reverse speeds, compatibility with working units designed for a light tractor and more powerful.

The T-40 and its versions have so far been successfully employed in the private sector and specialized farmer enterprises. All-wheel drive steep modifications, as well as general-purpose machines, are characterized by increased maintainability, since spare parts and entire assemblies of different models are unified.

T-40 device

This tractor is characterized by a classic semi-frame layout for small cars with a carrying case of a gearbox, rigid mounting of the rear axle with drive wheels of increased diameter and a spring suspension of the front axle. All-metal single with a rigid inner frame and a standard set of equipment.

High machine throughput is provided by grouser wheel Christmas-tree type pneumatics, the ability to adjust the track and ground clearance. To work between rows, it is proposed to use the advantages of narrow wheels. After a slight modification, the tractor chassis can be equipped with twin wheels.

Specifications

The basic machine has a well-thought-out layout, so its dimensions are within 3.66 x 1.62 x 2.1 meters. Road clearance is 50 cm depending on the type of work, the track can be adjusted in the range of 1.2-1.8 meters, the dry weight of the tractor is 2369 kg.

Engine

Developed by the best designers of the Vladimir Tractor Plant, power units are available in several versions. These are 37-horsepower diesel engines with air cooling of the D-37 brand and more powerful ones within 50 hp, power units D-144. In the operating speed range, the average fuel consumption is 6 - 7.7 l / h.

  • Various modifications of power units are launched from the driver’s workplace or carburetor starting engines.
  • The transmission is connected to the engine through a mechanically controlled disk clutch. It includes bevel gear,.
  • The range of working and transport speeds in the range of 2.24-26.65 km / h, when turned on, the minimum speed is 1.6 km / h.

It is recommended to pour oil M10DM in the amount of 10 liters into the tractor, which is just enough for a year. The durability of the transmission depends largely on the timely implementation of the requirements of the Maintenance Schedule. In particular, the winter or summer transmission oil of the T-40 tractor should be replaced when preparing the car for winter or summer operation.

They are driven by a multi-mode power take-off shaft. Another side PTO serves to activate stationary units, pumps, or grain crushers. The tractor is also equipped with a separate-unit-type hydraulic system with a productive gear hydraulic pump and a spool-type operating mode switch.



Photo: T-40 cabin

Advantages and disadvantages

Relatively inexpensive, simple in design and economical in daily operation, the "forgings" have earned the respect of users due to their versatility, unpretentiousness to fuel and lubricants, and long-time overhaul life.

Due to the wide choice and affordable cost of the repair and replacement and consumable range, tractors manufactured in the 80s-90s are still in good technical condition.

  • Also highly valued permeability of the machine on the weak and wet grounds.
  • The combination of small size and excellent maneuverability, which determines the possibility of using the tractor in the interior of greenhouses and livestock farms.
  • Availability of self-maintenance and repair.
  • Availability for all gearbox stages.

The main disadvantages include the problems of cold start, low efficiency of the air cooling system, the lack of full thermal insulation of the cab, high driver fatigue due to the stiff suspension of the rear axle and a high level of vibration.

The construction of the "forgings" does not provide for the control of the brakes of the towed trailers, which in turn initiates accelerated wear of the brakes of the tractor itself. Also, the inconvenience of strict restrictions on the temperature regimes of the engine and the time of its work at low and idling speeds.

Price of tractor T-40 and its modifications

The last “sorokovka” left the assembly line more than 20 years ago, so the chances of buying a car with zero mileage are virtually absent. A more realistic option is the purchase of a used tractor that can work out the remainder of the turnaround time without additional costs of material resources and working time.

The cost of the tractor of the 40th model, taking into account its condition and configuration, is UAH 70000-100000 ($ 2,500 - $ 4,000). When buying, it is advisable to make sure that all components and assemblies are in good condition, there is no extraneous noise in the engine and transmission, as well as cracks and blisters on the wheel pneumatics.

Video: T-40AP review in excellent condition

Analogs

In this segment are presented the same type of models, Minsk tractors and Yuzhmashskie. From the import range, several Chinese-made tractors are identical in performance.

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