Destructive volcanoes in the last 50 years. The strongest volcanic eruptions in the XX century

Volcano. This word enchants and scares at the same time. People have always been attracted to something beautiful and dangerous, because beauty, accompanied by risk, becomes even more attractive, but at the same time one immediately remembers the history of the city of Pompeii. Volcanoes have not brought such terrible devastations that are still stored on the pages of our history for a long time, because thanks to scientists who can tell which mountain is a volcano and which is not, people stopped settling at the foot of dangerous mountains. But, nevertheless, volcanoes continue to exist and then go into hibernation, then wake up from sleep to begin an active life. Let us consider which volcanoes are the largest in the world.

The 10 largest volcanoes in the world

1. Yellowstone volcano.This volcano is located in the Yellowstone National Park in the United States. Yellowstone can be rightly called the most a large volcano  in the world, as well as the most dangerous volcano in the world. The height of the volcano is 3,142 meters above sea level, and the area of ​​the volcano is 4000 square kilometers. The area of ​​this volcano is twenty times larger than the size of Washington, the capital of the United States of America. This volcano is still dormant, although from the beginning of the twenty-first century, it began to show signs of activity. According to scientists, this volcano erupts approximately every 600 thousand years, and since the last eruption has passed already about 640 thousand years.



2. Vesuvius volcano.This is the highest active volcano of Eurasia at this moment. And also he is the most high volcano in Europe. It is located fifteen kilometers from the Italian city. Its height is 1281 meters. Currently, Vesuvius is the only active volcano in Europe, and in addition it is considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes. Science is aware of more than eighty eruptions, one of which was destroyed by the famous.



3. Volcano Popocatepetl.This volcano is also active. It is located in the southern part of Mexico. The height of Popokateptl is 5452 meters. Over the past half century, his activity was very small, and in general, history knows about thirty-six large eruptions of this volcano. Popocatepetl can be called the largest active volcano at the moment.



4. The volcano of Sakurajima.The active volcano, located in Japan. Once he was on the island, but during one of the eruptions a huge amount of lava connected him to the mainland. The height of the volcano is 1118 meters above sea level. At the moment, Sakuradzim is visited by many tourists every year, despite the fact that the volcano is almost always in activity - smoke is bursting from its mouth, and sometimes there are also small eruptions.



5. The volcano Galeras.  This volcano is located in Colombia. The height of Galeras is 4267 meters above sea level. The activity of this volcano was noticed in 2006, at the same time people were evacuated from the nearest settlements. In 2010, there were evacuated more people, since the volcano continues its active activity. Although for the past several thousand years Galeras, if erupted, it is extremely insignificant.



6. The Merapi Volcano.The current Indonesian volcano, located in Java. Height above sea level is 2914 meters. This volcano is almost always active. Small eruptions occur several times a year, and large ones occur about once every ten years. Merapi took many lives, but in one of his biggest eruptions, he even changed the surrounding landscape.



7. The volcano of Nyiragongo.  This volcano is in Africa, in the mountains of Virunga. At the moment, it is more in sleep mode, although insignificant activity is sometimes observed. The most terrible eruption of this volcano was recorded in 1977. In general, this volcano is interesting because its lava is very liquid because of its composition, therefore, at the eruption, its speed can reach even one hundred kilometers per hour.



8. Volcano Ulawun. The volcano is located on the island of New Guinea and at the moment it is an active volcano. Its height is 2334 meters above sea level. This volcano erupts quite often. Once this volcano was located under the water, and on the surface it came out only in 1878.



9. The Taal volcano.This active volcano is in the Philippines, on the island of Luzon. Taal is noteworthy because it is the smallest of all the currently unoccupied volcanoes in the world, and there is a lake in the Taal Crater. Every year Taal visits a lot of tourists from all over the world.



10. The Mauna Loa volcano.  Mauna Loa is an active volcano in Hawaii, USA. The height of this volcano is 4169 above sea level. This volcano can be considered the highest volcano on earth, if you take into account its underwater part, whose height reaches 4,500 meters. The last time this volcano seriously erupted in 1950.

Review of the most significant volcanic eruptions of the XX century.

1902 May 8, Martinique Island, the Mont-Pele volcano

At 7 o'clock. 50 min. the volcano Mont Pele exploded into parts - there were four violent explosions, similar to cannon shots. They threw out of the main crater a black cloud, which was pierced by flashes of lightning. But it was not the most dangerous release. It is the lateral outflows - those that from that time will be called "Peleic" - fire and sulfur were sent at a hurricane speed to the side of the mountain directly to St. Pierre - one of the main ports of the island of Martinique.

Overheated volcanic gas, because of its high density and high speed of movement, which was directed above the ground, penetrated into all the cracks. A huge cloud covered the area complete destruction. The second zone of destruction stretches for another 60 km2. This cloud, formed from superheated steam and gases, laden with billions of particles of red-hot ash, moving at a speed sufficient to carry fragments of rocks and volcanic emissions, had a temperature of 700-980 ° C and was able to melt the glass. Mont-Pele erupted once more - on May 20 - almost as much as 8.

The Mont-Pele volcano, after parting, destroyed St. Pierre along with its population. Killed 36 thousand people.

1902 October 24, Guatemala, the volcano of Santa Maria

The volcano of Santa Maria is located in the western part of Guatemala, the height of 3762 m, when it erupted with volcanic ash and debris a layer of 20 cm thick covered an area of ​​323.75 thousand km2. The explosion of gigantic power, heard over 800 km - in Costa Rica, the whole slope of the mountain skyrocketed, carrying with it everything that was on it, then giant boulders crashed down the slope. 6 thousand people were killed.

The clouds formed after the eruption hung for weeks. Before they dispersed, they climbed to a height of 20 km. This eruption is considered the largest in the history of volcanic emissions into the atmosphere.

1911 January 30, Philippines, the Taal volcano

During the strongest eruption of the Taal in the 20th century - a permanent volcano in the Philippines - 1,335 people died. It was a classic example of a Peleic eruption, when the eruption occurs not only from the summit crater, but also from craters on the mountain slopes, often with winds of hurricane force. Almost the volcano throws out not lava, but masses of white hot ash and superheated steam.

For 10 minutes. all living things ceased to exist. A layer of mud up to 80 m thick, accompanied by a stream of toxic volcanic gases, destroyed people and houses at a distance of 10 km. Gradually the ash covered an area of ​​almost 2 thousand km2.

The mountain exploded a second time with almost the same force as during the first eruption. The roar was heard at a distance of almost 500 km. A black cloud of ashes rose up, eclipsing the sky above Manila, located 65 km from the volcano. The cloud was seen from a distance of 400 km.

Taal remained calm until 1965, when an eruption occurred again, of which 200 people were victims. Until now, it remains an active and dangerous volcano.

1931 December 13-28, Indonesia, about. Java, Merapi Volcano

One of the most powerful volcanic eruptions of the XX century. Exploded both slopes of the volcano, and volcanic ash erupted half a dozen islands. For two weeks - from 13 to 28 December, the volcano erupted a lava flow about 7 km long, up to 180 m wide and 30 m deep. The white-hot stream burned the earth and destroyed all the villages on its way. Killed more than 1300 people.

1944 June, Mexico, the Parikutin volcano

Parikutin - a volcano, which was written in many magazines in 1943 as a "volcano, born in a corn field in front of its owner."

He really got up on the cornfield. For many years there was a small hole in this place, on February 5, 1943, a series of ever-increasing tremors began, as a result of which a crack appeared near the hole. On February 19, the residents felt at least 300 tremors. On February 20, a crack on one side of the hole began to expand. Almost immediately there was a sound resembling thunder. Nearby the trees shook, and the ground swelled about a meter. Somewhere from the crack began to rise smoke, and a fine ash-gray dust. On February 21 lava began to flow from the growing cone. By the end of the first week, the height of the cone was 15 m, by the end of the first year it had grown to 300 m. In June 1944, a strong eruption occurred. A huge stream of lava descended to the village of Parikutin and the larger village of San Juan de Parangaricutiro. Dense ashes partially covered both settlements, there were several victims.

1951 January 21, New Guinea, the Lamington volcano

The eruption of the Lamington volcano killed 2942 people. Many of them died from the hurricane winds, filled with steam, hot ashes, debris and hot mud. These hurricane winds were called "New Ardente" and showed themselves during the eruption of the volcano Mont Pelay in 1902.

The Lamington eruption in New Guinea on January 21 was exactly the same type as the Mont-Pele, with the New Ardente sweeping away everything in its path while descending the volcano's slope. A series of monstrous explosions tore the top and slopes, throwing a huge mushroom cloud of ash, which in 2 minutes. climbed to a height of 12 km, and after 20 minutes. reached a height of 15 km. The explosion was so strong that it was heard on the coast of New Britain - for 320 km from Lamington. Escaping from the mountainside, "New Ardente" rushed down, sweeping the forest so that there were not even stumps left.

After another catastrophic ejection at 20 o'clock. 40 min. On January 21, Mount Lamington ceased to be visible. For 15 years the vegetation has returned to its normal state, but the slopes have not been inhabited to this day.

1956 March 30, USSR, Kamchatka, the Nameless Volcano

A strong explosion of the Nameless Beer Volcano on Kamchatka Peninsula went largely unnoticed, since there were no dead. However, in intensity, it stands in line with "Peleic" eruptions.

On March 30, at 5 pm 10 min. monstrous force, the explosion split the top of the snow-covered Nameless, which had previously risen to a height of 3,048 meters above sea level. In a matter of seconds, 183 m of the summit were cut off from the volcano, and volcanic dust rose from the crater to a height of 30-40 km.

Vulcanologist G.O. Gorshkov, who was not far from the village of Klyuchi, described the scene as follows: "The cloud was very swollen and rapidly changing its outlines ... It seemed very dense and almost palpably heavy." The thunders of thunder, accompanied by incessant lightning flashes, arose and intensified with the cloud. 40 minutes, when the cloud has already passed the zenith, ashes began to fall ... and by 1820 hours it had become so dark that it was impossible to examine your own hand, even if you brought it to the very face. People returning from work , wandered around the village in search of their homes. The rumble of thunder rumbled with deafening force, not stopping, the air was full of electricity, spontaneously telephones rang, the loudspeakers burned out in the radio network ... There was a strong smell of sulfur. "

The hot layer of ash, covering an area of ​​482 km2, melted the snow and formed in the valley of the Sukhaya Khapitsa River and valleys located on the slopes of adjoining volcanoes, rapid mud flows. These streams washed huge, weighing hundreds of tons of boulders and carried them through the valley, sweeping away everything in its path. The trees were torn up or burnt. 3 weeks after the eruption of G.O. Gorshkov discovered thousands of jets of fumarolic gases rising from the surface of a 30-meter layer of ash on an area of ​​47 km2.

1980 May 18, USA, Washington, St. Helens volcano

The cloud of ashes, which shot up from the cone vertically upwards in 10 minutes, rose to a height of 19.2 km. The day turned into night. In Spokane, Washington, 400 km from the volcano, visibility fell to 3 m in broad daylight as soon as this cloud reached the city. In Yakima, 145 km from the volcano, a layer of ash as thin as 12 cm fell out. In less quantity, the ashes fell in Idaho, in the central part of Montana and partly in the state of Colorado. A cloud of ashes round the globe for 11 days. For several weeks, the ash belt stained the sunsets, influenced the atmosphere. As in most eruptions, a lava dome with a height of 183 m and a diameter of 610 m was formed. Lava began to flow from it. Throughout 1982, the St. Helens volcano erupted again, but with less force.

The energy released by the catastrophic explosion of the volcano corresponded to the energy of 500 atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima, or 10 million tons of TNT. The area of ​​600 km2 burned to the state of the lunar landscape.

Mount St. Helens fell like a broken tooth. Once a symmetrical and well-built peak disappeared, and instead of it an amphitheater with vertical 600-meter walls appeared, 400 m below, with a barren terrain under them.

1982 29 March, Mexico, the volcano of El Chichon

The eruption of the El Chichon volcano occurred in two stages: on March 29 and April 3-4, 1982. At first volcanic ash filled the atmosphere to a height of about 30 km. Then what happened in the stratosphere (about 10 Mt) began to be carried westward. The tropospheric part of the cloud (3-7 Mt) moved in the opposite direction and quickly settled on the surface of the Earth. The stratospheric cloud, expanding horizontally, made several distinct turns around the Earth. Observations in the Hawaiian Islands showed that by December (compared with June) due to dispersal, the ash concentration at a height of 20 km decreased by a factor of 6. In temperate latitudes volcanic ash appeared in November 1982. Signs of intensified turbidity of the stratosphere of the Arctic appeared only in March 1983. Thus, it took about a year for the pollution to be evenly distributed in the stratosphere of the Northern Hemisphere. In the future, it evenly decreased in the year by about 3 times.

1985 November 14-16, Colombia, the volcano Nevado del Ruiz

The largest volcanic eruption in Nevado del Ruiz was the largest in terms of casualties and material damage. A column of ash and fragments of rock rose to a height of 8 km to the sky. The volcanoes that were thrown from the mouth of the volcano were melting gas and the lava flowed out melted the snow and ice on its top. The resulting mudflow completely destroyed the city of Amero, located 50 km from the volcano. A layer of mud reached places 8 m. The volcano practically destroyed everything around in a radius of 150 km. Killed about 25 thousand people, the total number of injured exceeded 200 thousand.

1991 June 10-15, Philippines, Luzon Island, Pinatubo Volcano

Approximately 200 people were killed and 100 thousand were homeless as a result of numerous eruptions.

On June 10, an average volcanic eruption occurred in Pinatubo, located on the island of Luzon, 88 km from Manila. On June 12, at 8 o'clock, 41 min. The volcano exploded, throwing a mushroom cloud into the sky. Streams of gas, ash and melted to a temperature of 980 ° C of rocks rushed down the slopes at speeds up to 100 km / h. For many kilometers around, until Manila, the day turned into night. And the cloud and the ashes falling from it reached Singapore, which is removed from the volcano by 2.4 thousand kilometers.

At night on June 12 and on the morning of June 13, the volcano erupted again. And even with more power than before. He threw ash and flames into the air for 24 km.

On the morning of June 14, a typhoon hit the east coast of Luzon with a wind speed of 130 km / h, which flooded the area, soaked a layer of ash and turned it into white mud.

The volcano continued to erupt on 15 and 16 June. Mud flows and water washed away at home. A layer of ash 20 cm thick, turning into mud, destroyed the buildings before our eyes. The slopes of Mount Pinatubo resembled the lunar landscape. In the province of Zambales, the most affected region, everything was covered with a 90-centimeter layer of ash and volcanic debris.

The smallest particles of ejected ash formed a huge cloud, which encircled the entire globe along the equator. In its central part there was little ozone, and at the edges there was a lot of sulfur dioxide. During the eruption, more than 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide was released into the atmosphere. The ash cloud of Pinatubo volcano, like Krakatoa volcano in 1883, led to some general temperature drop, as ash particles form a screen that blocks sunlight. From the space satellites, the presence of chlorine compounds and some other harmful gases in the atmosphere was recorded at concentrations higher than usual.

1997 June 30, Mexico, the volcano Popocatepetl

There was a strong eruption of the volcano Popocatepetl, located 60 km from the capital of Mexico. A pillar of flame from the crater of the volcano reached 18 km in height, ashes fell on the streets of Mexico City. Nearly 40,000 people were removed from the villages near the mountain.

2000 March 14, Russia, Kamchatka, the Nameless Volcano

When the volcano erupted, the ash was thrown out with enormous force to a height of up to 5 km above sea level, and a plume of ash cloud stretched north-westward by at least 100 km. The village of Kozyrevsk, located at the foot of the volcano, almost covered with ashes, a smell of sulfur was felt. The last time the Nameless was erupted on February 24, 1999, then ash emissions reached an altitude of 8 km. A similar ashfall was recorded on this volcano only in 1956. There was no danger to the population of the awakened volcano.

2000 December, Mexico, volcano Popocatepetl

On December 14, the eruption of the volcano Popocatepetl began, it ejected glowing stones and ashes to a height of 1 km, the radius of their fall was about 10 km. 14 thousand people were evacuated. According to the authorities, the evacuation was declared mostly out of precaution, - the ashes from the eruption of the volcano, which locals call El Popo, the wind blew in a radius of more than 80 km.

On the night of 18 to 19 December, there was a strong volcanic eruption. The stones, gas, and a column of red-hot lava that emerged from a crater located at an altitude of 5.5 km could be observed from anywhere in Mexico City, 60 km away. From the vicinity of the volcano, 40,000 people were urgently evacuated.

In our country there are about two hundred different volcanoes. Most of them are located on the territory of Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands, including 8.3% of the total active volcanoes  planet. Here are 10 of them that erupted over the past 10 years.

Berg volcano (The last eruption: 2005).

It is an active volcano, located on the island of Urup, in the middle of the Great chain of islands of the Kuril archipelago. It is part of the Bell group. The absolute height is 1040 m. The eruptions of Berg are known and recorded in the history in 1946, 1951, 1952, 1970, 1973 and 2005. Currently, it records thermal and fumarolic activity. The flora and fauna of the volcano are rather scarce, alder bushes grow on its slopes, and cormorants and seagulls nest.

Chikurachki (The last eruption: 2008).

A complex stratovolcano with a crater vertex, formed from 40 to 50 thousand years ago. It is located on the northern extremity of the Karpinskiy range. The absolute height of 1816 m. One of the most active volcanoes of the Kuril Islands. The eruptions of 1853 and 1986 were the strongest (the Plinian type). Between eruptions, the volcano is in a state of weak fumarolic activity.

Volcano Sarycheva (The last eruption: 2009).

Stratovulkan of the Somma-Vesuvius type on the island of Matua of the Great Kuril chain; one of the most active volcanoes of the Kuril Islands. The absolute height of 1446 m. ​​The strongest volcanic activity occurred from 12 to 15 June 2009. It manifested itself in the descent of pyroclastic flows, pyroclastic waves, the outflow of lava flows. Pyroclastic flows reached the sea and in some places its shore retreated by 400 meters. These streams covered the snowfields in the southeastern part of the volcano, which caused intensive melting of snow and, as a result, the Lahars' gathering. As a result of this eruption, the area of ​​the island increased by 1.5 square meters. km, and the surface of the volcano fell by 40 mm and moved north by about 30 mm. On the area of ​​up to 30 square meters. km vegetation was lost.

Ebeko (The Last Eruption: 2010).

A complex stratovolcano with several summit craters. It is located in the north of the island; in the northern part of the Vernadsky range. The absolute height is 1156 m. One of the most active volcanoes of the Kuril Islands. During the eruption in September 1859, dense sulfur fumes closed the neighboring island of Shumshu, causing nausea and headache in the residents.

Flat Tolbachik (The Last Eruption: 2012).

Tolbachik - a volcanic massif in the east of Kamchatka, in the southwestern part of the Klyuchevskaya group of volcanoes. It consists of the Sharp Tolbachik (3682 m) and the Flat Tolbachik (3140 m), located on the pedestal of the ancient shield volcano. A new fracture eruption began on November 27, 2012, with a crack opening about 5 km long, a few kilometers south of the caldera. The lava flow of the South Center was flooded by a hospital located at the foot of the volcano IVS FEB RAS (the former base "Leningradskaya"), as well as the building of the base of the natural park "Volcanoes of Kamchatka".

Kizimen (The last eruption: 2013).

It is located on the western slope of the southern tip of the Tumrok ridge, 115 km from the village of Milkovo, 265 km from the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The absolute height of 2376 m. During the eruption in 2009, some geysers became active in the valley of the geysers. Before the eruption in the crater was an extrusion lava plug. On May 3, 2009 at 9:00 am Kizimen stepped up and the lava plug literally split into small volcanic rocks, as a result of which ashes scattered over much of the Kronotsky Biosphere Reserve.

Unnamed (Last eruption: 2013).

The volcano in Kamchatka, near Klyuchevskaya hill, is about 40 km from the village of Klyuchi in the Ust-Kamchatsky district. The absolute height of this volcano is 2882 m. The most famous eruption of Nameless was in 1955-1956. The height of the eruption cloud reached a height of about 35 km. As a result of the eruption, a horseshoe crater with a diameter of 1.3 km was formed, open to the east. At the eastern foot of the volcano on an area of ​​500 square meters. km trees and shrubs were broken and felled in the direction of the volcano.

Klyuchevskaya Sopka (The last eruption: 2013).

Stratovulkan in the east of Kamchatka. It is the highest active volcano on the Eurasian continent. The age of the volcano is about 7000 years, and its height varies from 4750 to 4850 m and more above sea level. The last eruption began on August 15, 2013. On August 26, the first lava flow was recorded on the southwestern slope of the volcano, later 4 lava flows flowed. On October 15-20, the culmination phase of the eruption of the volcano with the ascent of the ash column to 10-12 km was observed. The ash plume stretched to the south-west of the Klyuchevsky volcano. In the villages of Lazo and Atlasovo, ash falls, the thickness of the fallen ash is about two millimeters.

Karymskaya Sopka (Last eruption: 2014).

The volcano is located on Kamchatka, within the Eastern Ridge. Refers to stratovolcanoes. The absolute height is 1468 m. Very active volcano, since 1852 more than 20 eruptions have been recorded. Near Karymskaya Sopka, in the caldera of the neighboring ancient volcano  is Karymskoe Lake. With a powerful underwater explosion in 1996, almost all life was lost in the lake.

Shiveluch (Last eruption: March 2015).

Volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula within the Eastern Ridge. The northernmost of the active volcanoes of Kamchatka. The absolute height of 3307 m. On June 27, 2013, early in the morning Shiveluch threw an ash column up to 10 km above sea level, in the village of Klyuchi located 47 km from the volcano, passed ash falls, the streets of the village were powdered with a layer of red ash up to a millimeter thick. October 18, after the volcano Klyuchevskaya hill  Shiveluch threw a column of ash at a height of 7600 meters. February 7, 2014 threw a column of ash with a height of more than 11,000 meters. On May 13, 2014, the volcano threw three ash pillars to a height of 7 to 10 km.

Today, September 14, 2013 exactly 5 years have passed since the sudden activation of the Shiveluch volcano, which led to partial destruction of its basin. On this day, we tried to select the 10 largest volcanic eruptions that were recorded and evaluated by a special scale - the Volcanic Explosion Index (VEI).

This scale was developed in the 80's, it includes a lot of factors, such as the volume of the eruption, speed and others. The scale includes 8 levels, each of which is 10 times higher than the previous one, that is, the eruption of the 3 level is 10 times stronger than the eruption of the 2 level.

The last eruption of the 8th level took place on earth more than 10,000 years ago, but in the history of mankind there were powerful emissions. We offer you the TOP of the 10 largest volcanic eruptions in the last 4000 years.

Wainaputina, Peru, 1600, VEI 6

This volcano created the largest eruption in South America in the history of mankind. Immediate release instantly created several mudflows, which were directed to the coast of the Pacific Ocean. Because of the ash thrown into the air, the summer in South America was one of the coldest in half a millennium. The eruption destroyed nearby cities, which were restored only a century later.

Krakatau, Sunda Strait, Indonesia, 1883, VEI 6

All summer, a powerful rumble inside the mountain foreshadowed the eruption, which occurred on April 26-27. During the eruption, the volcano threw tons of ash, rocks and lava, the mountain was heard thousands of miles away. In addition, a sharp push created a forty-meter wave, even on another continent recorded increases in waves. As a result of the eruption, 34,000 people died.

The volcano of Santa Maria, Guatemala 1902, VEI 6

The eruption of this volcano was one of the largest in the 20th century. A sharp push of a 500-year-old volcano, sleeping, formed a crater about 1.5 kilometers wide. The volcano claimed the lives of hundreds of people.

Volcano Novarupta, the Alaska Peninsula, June 1912, VEI 6

This volcano is part of the Pacific Fire Ring, and its eruption was the largest in the 20th century. A powerful explosion sent 12.5 cubic kilometers of ash and magma into the air.

The volcano Pinatubo, Luzon, Philippines, 1991, VEI 6

The eruption threw so much ash that the roofs of nearby houses collapsed under its weight. In addition to the ashes, the volcano threw into the air and other substances, which for a year lowered the temperature of the planet by half a degree.

Ambrim Island, Republic of Vanuatu, 50 AD, VEI 6 +

One of the biggest eruptions in history occurred on this small island. And to this day this volcano remains one of the most active in the world. The eruption formed a caldera 12 km wide.

The volcano of Ilopango, Salvador, 450 AD, VEI 6 +

Although this mountain is only a few miles from the capital, San Salvador, in the past it has created an incredible eruption force. It destroyed all the Mayan settlements and covered one third of the country with ashes. Trade routes were destroyed, and the whole civilization was forced to go to the lowlands. Now in the crater is one of the largest lakes in El Salvador.

Mount Terra, Greece, about 1610 BC, VEI 7

Archaeologists believe that the eruption force of this volcano is comparable to several hundred nuclear bombs. If there were residents here, they either escaped or died under irresistible force. The volcano not only raised the huge Tsunami, and lowered the temperature of the planet by huge clouds of sulfur, but also changed the climate as a whole.

Changbai Mountain, the border of China and Korea, 1000 AD, VEI 7

The eruption was so strong that the ashes were even in the north of Japan. Huge craters for a thousand years have turned into lakes, which are popular with tourists. Scientists suggest that in the depths of lakes there are still unexplored creatures.

Mount Tambora, Sumbawa Islands, Indonesia, 1815, VEI 7

The eruption of the Tambor volcano is the strongest in the history of mankind. The mountain roared so violently that it was heard over 1200 miles. A total of about 71,000 people died, and ash clouds covered many hundreds of kilometers around.