What is a cartoon. Research work "Cartoons, what is this?"

Cartoons

Cartoon - this is one of the genres of modern cinematographic art. In contrast to classical cinema, in which the final product - a film - is created by recording on the film or digital media the movement of the environment and objects, the cartoon is created by creating the illusion of the motion of initially immobile objects. This process is called animation or animation (in the European and American film industry). Its essence consists in the following: the initially set of images or frames executed in different ways, with the help of appropriate technical means is replaced with different frequency, which creates the illusion of movement. The simplest examples of animation can easily be recreated by yourself, taking, for example, a notepad and on each of its pages drawing the corresponding phases of the movement of some animated object. Replacing the pages in strict sequence and with a higher frequency then, you will see how your drawing "moves" on paper. Further transfer of the picture to the movie screen is carried out by time-lapse shooting on the camera of drawings in strict sequence. As a separate genre of motion picture art, the cartoon has several types, differing in the way of creation, duration and purpose. By the way of creating the original picture, the cartoons can be painted (shooting pictures), plasticine (shooting plasticine objects), puppet (shooting of dolls) and computer (creation, processing and synthesis of virtual images, and then merging them into a single film). In duration there are full and short cartoons. According to their purpose (scope), cartoons are theatrical, television.

Cartoons: what is this?

research

Have completed

pupils of 1 "K" class

MBOU lyceum of the city of Uvarovo im.A. Danilova

Head -

primary school teacher

MBOU lyceum of the city of Uvarovo named after AI Danilov

Miloserdova Olga Valeryevna

uvarovo 2015 year.

Introduction 3

Main part:

Theoretical part

What is a cartoon? 4

What are the cartoons 4

Practical part

Analysis of the results of the survey 4-7

Analysis of the experimental results 7

Conclusion 8

Literature 8

Apps 8-11

Introduction

  Relevance of the topic . Cartoons are your favorite children's entertainment.

On television, there are a lot of cartoons and programs for children that go on all day long. Many parents treat cartoons exclusively as a cheerful pastime for their children and are not very interested in the meaning of the shown cartoon. But do not forget that cartoons are not only an entertainment function; they have a direct impact on the psyche of the child. And since the formation of a person's personality begins in early childhood, it is very important what kind of cartoons a child looks at.

Purpose of the study.   Identify the role of cartoons in the life of the child.

Hypothesis. If children watch cartoons, then they develop a positive emotional state and develop moral qualities, because cartoons perform an educational function.

Objectives of the study.

Find out what a cartoon is, and what are the cartoons.

Carry out a questionnaire, which cartoons are popular with children, and which do not.

Conduct an experiment: how to affect the emotional state of children viewing good and terrible cartoons.

Methods of research:   1.Anchecking

2. Experiment

Object of study:   cartoons.

Terms of research: march 2015.

Main part

  Theoretical part:

  What is a cartoon?

Cartoons or cartoons - so shortly called animated films. The term "animation" is used as a synonym for the term "animation". "Animation" - "animation" or "animation."

Cartoons are a special kind of film art created by animators who use different materials and techniques to create characters, and "animation" takes place by rapid change of frames.

  What are the cartoons?

All cartoons can be divided into groups by the way they are created. Distinguish:

drawing cartoons (one of the oldest and most popular types of animation);

plasticine animation (material for the cartoon can serve as clay or clay);

computer animation (this is when characters are created using computer graphics);

  Practical part

  Analysis of the results of the survey

We decided to investigate which cartoons children and their parents prefer. To this end, we conducted a questionnaire among students of the 1 "K" class and their parents (see Appendix 1). 24 pupils of 1 "K" class and 24 parents took part in it. The analysis of questionnaires showed that all children and parents like to watch cartoons.

Among the favorites most of the children of the class were called modern cartoons, because they are bright, funny and interesting. 15% of children called their favorite old cartoons, such as "Well, wait!", "Vacations in Prostokvashino", because they are funny and instructive. Parents' preferences were equally divided: 50% of the favorites were called modern cartoons, and 50% named old Soviet cartoons. As you can see, among the loved ones all parents and the majority of children named good positive cartoons.

To the question: How often do you watch cartoons?

Every day more than 1 hour-20 people.

Every day less than 1 hour-2 people.

Several times a week-0 people.

Rarely 2 people.

We watch cartoons all family-the whole class replied that yes. These are such cartoons as: "Masha and the Bear", "Trilogy about the heroes".
  Next, we asked to writemost beloved Russian cartoons, and here's what happened:

Trilogy about the heroes of Russians - 10 people

Luntik - 5 people

Wait for it! - 3 persons

Masha and the bear - 2 people

Smeshariki - 2 people

Fixiki - 2 people

Unlike Russian cartoons, foreigners are more often divided into boys and girls cartoons.

Girls: Winx - 8 people

Tom and Jerry - 2 people

Winnie the Pooh - 1 person

Shrek - 1 person

Boys: Tom and Jerry - 5 people

Turtles - Ninja - 4 people

Spiderman - 2 people

Monsters vs. Aliens - 1 person

Conclusion :   most of the children interviewed prefer and watch cartoons of Russian production, because they are bright, interesting, funny and instructive. While parents prefer and like to watch old cartoons, because they teach goodness, justice, they do not have violence, they are kind, sincere and cheerful.

Next, we asked to name cartoons, after watching which, I want to embrace and love everyone, give gifts and say kind words. These are such cartoons as "Cat Leopold", "Winnie the Pooh", "Masha and the Bear", "Prostavkashino", "Kid and Carlson", "Smeshariki".

Cartoons, after watching which you want to protect and save the weak: Winx, Three Heroes, Well, wait, Tom and Jerry and A Kitten named Gav.

Cartoons, after which you want to start to study well: "Vovka in the Thirtieth Kingdom", "In the Country of Unlearned Lessons" and "Neznayka"

Conclusion: Kind, funny, positive cartoons awaken in children the same kind and wonderful desires - all to love, embrace, give gifts, speak kind words. Instructive cartoons, such as "In the country of unlearned lessons," help to realize the usefulness and necessity of school lessons, and children have a desire to start to learn well.

Absolute majority of parents - 90% do not allow their children to watch cartoons, where there is cruelty, violence, aggression, where robots, monsters and various monsters are shown.

To the question: What animations do you recommend to see to your children? - Absolutely all parents answered - kind, clever, cognitive cartoons, where good triumphs over evil, 50% of parents consider them old cartoons of their childhood, and the other half believes that there are many same kind, cheerful and positive cartoons among modern ones.

  Analysis of experimental results.

For the experiment, 2 cartoons were selected: one - "Awful horrible cartoon" - terrible, the second - "Luntik" - kind, positive.

After watching the cartoon, we asked the children to describe their feelings and emotions and draw a drawing for the cartoon. (annex 2)

Almost all children after watching the terrible cartoons said that they were scared and creepy watching this cartoon, because there was a lot of death and blood, they felt horror and loneliness. They did not like this cartoon. But several children said that although they were scared, they like to watch such cartoons. All the children agreed that such cartoons can not be watched by small children and can not be looked at at night. Drawings made after watching this cartoon show that the children had a depressed mood: they portrayed children crying for fear, monsters and blood.

The second cartoon is kind, funny, funny. All children liked the cartoon, and they wanted to see more other series from this cartoon. Children drew funny, smiling faces, Luntika and other cartoon characters, the drawings turned out bright and colorful. All children had positive emotions after watching this cartoon.

Thus, the experiment showed that the mood of children directly depends on the cartoon. A good cartoon made the children laugh, their drawings were filled with joy. While, the terrible cartoon has spoiled the majority of children's mood, in their pictures fear and depression were read

Conclusion

Thus, our hypothesis, that cartoons affect the positive emotional state, was partially confirmed. Not all cartoons can cause a positive emotional mood in children and carry an educational character.Cartoons are a very important part in the development and understanding of the world around the child, and parents should help to figure out where the "good" cartoon and where the "bad".

We continue to watch "good" cartoons and learn the kindness and respect for the whole world.

Literature:

1. Encyclopedia "I want to know everything"
2. "That it was not boring" S.Volkov
3.Internet - portal "Research activity of schoolchildren"
4. "Harm and benefit of cartoons" L.G.Evstigneeva
5.Online - article "Cartoons: harm or benefit?" M.Dyakova

Applications:

Annex 1.

Application form

1. Do you like to watch cartoons? _____________________________________________________

2. Which cartoon do you like the most?

domestic_____________________________________________________

foreign________________________________________________________

3. Which cartoon do you not like? Why?___________________________________________________________

4. Arrange the cartoons below in order. The number "1" is the most beloved, then the last number will get the worst, in your opinion, the cartoon (you can finish the cartoons that are not on the list).

Baby and Carlson

Shrek

Smeshariki

Prostokvashino

The Lion King

Tom and Jerry

Wait for it!

Trilogy about Russian heroes

5. Name the cartoons, after which you want:

all hugs and loves: _______________________________________

give gifts and say kind words: ________________________

sit and cry: _____________________________________________

protect and save the weak: ____________________________________

kill all the bad ones, so that everything is fine on earth: ______________

start to learn well: ________________________________________

6. How often do you watch cartoons?

A) every day for more than 1 hour

B) every day is less than 1 hour

B) several times a week

D) rarely

7. Do you watch cartoons all family? If so, which ones?

__________________________________________________________________

8. What kind of cartoons do you not allow your children to see? (a question for parents) _________________________________________________________

Appendix 2

Kashtanov N, Naymushin N

Educational project. How to create a cartoon at home

Download:

Preview:

Municipal State Educational Establishment

Secondary school with. Cribs

Sanchursky district of the Kirov region

How to create a cartoon?

Work performed:

Pupil of the 2nd class Kishtanov Nikita,

The pupil of 1 class Naymushin Nikita,

The head: Zhuravleva

Inna Alekseevna,

Primary school teacher

Cribs

2014

Introduction ............................................................................... 3

1. Review of the literature ................................................ 4

1.1. What is animation ...... ............................................. ........................... 4

1.2. Classification of cartoons ....................................... .. .... 5

1.3. The largest film studios for the creation of cartoons ........ 5

2. Activities under the project ............................................. .6

3. Indicators of project effectiveness ....................................... .8

3.1. The results of the selected equipment .................................... .8

3.2. The results of the creative process ....................................... ... 8

3.3. Dissemination of results ............................................. 9

Conclusions .............................................................................. ... 10

Literature ........................................................................ .. 11

Annexes ........................................................................ 12

Problem and urgency of work

« Cartoon light pierces the darkness of ordinary days,
  In them the lifeless comes to life in a surprising way,
  In running frames miracles are created,
  The spirit of creativity in them has settled forever. "
  Alexey Samsonov

We, like all children, love to watch cartoons. The number of cartoons that we watched can not be counted. And it seemed that we all know everything about them ... But one day, after watching one of the cartoons, we got into a fight with the guys. We decided to find out: what are cartoons? They asked the classmates, but they also found it difficult to answer ...

Information about the cartoons was searched in different sources: from books, the Internet, cognitive television programs.

It became very interesting for us, and I wanted to try myself as a multiplier. The plot of the cartoon is simple: the rules of the road for cyclists. For a long time we could not decide what would be the main character: drawn, plasticine, puppet. And I decided to make it out of all available material - plasticine and a designer. Lighting devices included. The camera is charged. The process of shooting began.

Hypothesis. Is it easy to create a cartoon by yourself at home.

Goal. Create a cartoon by yourself at home.

Tasks. 1. To study the literature on this topic.

2. Identify various technologies for creating cartoons

3. Create your own cartoon and develop recommendations for its creation.

1. Review of literature

1. What is a cartoon.

First we went to the library, where in the dictionary we read that cartoons, cartoons, animated films, cartoons are all the same ... This is how animation is called in our cinema, in Latin it means "soul", "animation" or "animation" ". [ 1 ]

Animation is a kind of film art that is created by time-lapse photography of individual drawings - for hand-drawn films, or frame-by-frame shooting of individual theatrical scenes for puppet films. [ 1 ]

We have watched only 20 animated tapes of various contents during the time of the research. We determined that the multipliers used to create characters different materials and technologies, and "revitalization" is by rapid change of frames.

1. Classification of cartoons.

Cartoon, as a kind of cinema art began to develop in the early 20th century. In 1906, the first ever children's film was released in the United States for the first time. In Russia in 1936 also the studio "Soyuzdetmultfilm" began to work, which began to take off drawing and puppet cartoons. Plots for them were taken, as a rule, from Russian folk tales. Nowadays it is common to divide all cartoons into the technological process, for example: Drawing; Puppet; Plasticine; Sand; Powder (usually used as loose material); Computer. In duration there are

short (the duration of which is not more than 45 minutes) and full length of 45 minutes or more. And finally, the last parameter of the classification of cartoons is based on the age limit, for example: for small children, for adolescents and adults. To date, thanks to the rapid development of computer technology to create a free animated series is not so difficult as it was before. [2]

1. The largest film studios for creating cartoons

Since ancient times, people dreamed about the possibility to convey the movement in their works, so now there are a lot of cartoons. They are divided into producer countries, for example: American; French-made; Japanese; Russia and the USSR; Czech production; German; English.

The creator of the first in the history of the sound, the first musical and the first full-length animated film is the American animated cartoonist, film director, actor, screenwriter and producer Walt Disney. From 1923 to the present, his cartoons - "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs", "One Hundred Dalmatians", animated series about Mick Mouse, etc. are very popular.

In 1936, the animation studio "Soyuzmultfilm" was organized in Moscow. For more than 70 years of animation history, the well-known cartoons "Well, Wait!", "Baby and Carlson", "Winnie the Pooh", "Three from Prostokvashino", "CrocodileGena" and others were created at the studio.

[ 3 ]

2. Activities under the project

We plan to implement our project during the first quarter, ie from September to October 2013. In the work will be involved students 1 - 2 classes. We plan to meet with  the teacher of computer science Anatoly Leonidovich Suslov, the class teacher Inna Alexeyevna Zhuravleva. We will find out how they can create cartoons with their own hands.

Our work begins with a study of literature. We will study various sources: encyclopedias, Internet resources, cognitive telecasts on the topic of interest to us. When we meet and talk with teachers, we will learn how to work with the right programs. Choose the theme of the cartoon. Let's create your own cartoon. On personal experience, we will develop recommendations for creating a cartoon.

After that, we found available and understood for us Internet resources.

We chose the technique for creating a transferable cartoon on one of the sites-Rucheyok. Ecological club for children and parents »[ 4 ]

Based on the literature studied, they developed their own methodology.[ Application ]

1.   Necessary things to create a cartoon by yourself.

First. We do not need special equipment. Onlycamera,   can be very simple.

The second. Need skills in working with clay.

Third. Computer skills and with a simple Vegas program installed by default in the operating system Vindous.

2. Step by step sequence of creating a cartoon by yourself.

The sequence of creating a cartoon film was divided into several stages. We need to do 5 important steps:

7 –

Step 2. Think and sculpt the images of the characters in the film, scenery scenes on which the action of the film will take place.

Step 3. Make

Step 5. Mount the movie in the "Vegas" program, installed by default in the operating system Vindous.

3. Indicators of project effectiveness

3.1. The results of the selected equipment.

In order to determine exactly which cartoon we will create, we have used the classification we studied. We chose that our cartoon will be short, children's, cognitive, plasticine. For work, the necessary equipment was chosen - a Samsung camera, a computer with the installed Vegas program for mounting frames and recording sound. Received a consultation on the work with this program from the computer science teacher Anatoly Leonidovich Suslov.

3.2. The results of the creative process.

After getting acquainted with the necessary equipment, we decided, through a cartoon film, to introduce the children to the rules of the road for cyclists. We chose the scenario. We liked O. Kamanin's poem "How Masha Rided a Bicycle". Have connected to work of all children of our class. Distributed excerpts of the poem for scoring. They jointly developed characters: Masha, girlfriends, policeman. We made the scenery necessary for the scenario. To do this, we used the Lego designer, toy cars, and with the help of paper and cardboard we constructed buildings and markings on the road. This material is available and very easy to use. All materials are available in our possession, so the cost of the project is zero rubles.

At the next stage of the work, we arranged the characters and scenery in accordance with the script. Moved heroes and scenery, shot

9 –

every scene. We got about 60 shots. Have chosen the right ones. After all the frames are ready, the cartoon has been edited. Transferred

photos in the computer. We opened the program for video editing "Vegas". Added all the frames to the time line, having arranged in the right order.

3.3. Dissemination of results

The work done has brought us great pleasure. For many months we waited for the result. We shared our joy with our parents by inviting them to the premiere of the cartoon "How Masha Rided a Bicycle".

This work was presented at the festival "Creativity of young people for road safety" and was awarded with a first degree diploma at the district stage.

conclusions

Animation is a special kind of motion picture created by animators that use different materials and technologies to create characters, and "animation" occurs by rapid change of frames.

1. During the implementation of the training project, Internet sources were studied.

2. Identified various technologies for creating cartoons

3. They created their own cartoon, developed recommendations for beginning multipliers.

In the course of our work, our hypothesis was confirmed. You can create a cartoon at home.

This work can be used in the lessons of the world around, during class hours, after-hours activities, at parent meetings, for conversation with students on the rules of the road and leisure activities. The merit of this work can be considered that the work is available to anyone who has a desire and creativity.

Kashtanov Nikita, Naymushin Nikita,

Uch-sya MKOUSOSH s. Cribs

Equipment for creating a cartoon by yourself.

1. Camera
2. Computer with the program for creating movies
3. Microphone for recording sound.

Step by step sequence of creating a cartoon.

Step 1. Create a script for your movie.

Step 2. Think about the images of the characters in the film, scenery scenes on which the action of the film will take place.

Step 3. Make photos, shifting drawings of characters on the scenes in accordance with the script.

Step 4. Choose a way to sound the film in accordance with the script.

Step 5. Mount the movie in the Vegas program or another one installed by default in the Windows operating system.