The largest coniferous tree in Russia. The tallest tree in Russia

This is the list of the 10 largest trees in the world. The exact location of the 10 tallest trees is kept secret, so there is hardly any picture of these trees. Trees do not protect 24 hours and 7 days a week, but only classified information so that the flow of tourists does not destroy the infrastructure and does not prevent the trees from growing further.

10. The tree of Mendocino - 112.20 m, the USA

Species: Sequoia sempervirens

Location: Montgomery Woods, California, USA

Diameter: 4.19 m

Between December 1996 and August 2000, it was the most tall tree  in the world, it was discovered in the city of Montgomery Woods and named the Tree of Mendocino. The tree is one of dozens of such tall trees in the grove, and has never been specifically declared the largest for protection purposes. Previously widely publicized candidates for the highest tree in the world were badly affected by the many tourists.

9. Paradox - 112.56 m, the United States

Species: Sequoia sempervirens

Diameter: 3.90 m

8. Rockefeller - 112,60 m, the USA

Species: Sequoia sempervirens

Location: Humboldt, California, United States

Diameter: exact diameter unknown

7. Lauralin - 112.62 m

Species: Sequoia sempervirens

Location: Humboldt, South Fork Eel River, California, USA

Diameter: 4.54 m

6. Orion - 112.63 m

Species: Sequoia sempervirens

Location: Redwoods, California, USA

Diameter: 4,33 m

5. National Geographic Society - 112.71 m

Species: Sequoia sempervirens

Location: Redwood Creek, California, USA

Diameter: 4.39 m

The fifth tallest tree in the world is located in Redwood Creek. Since 1994, after it was found, it became the tallest tree in the world until 1995.

4. The giant of the Stratosphere - 113.11 m

Species: Sequoia sempervirens

Location: Humboldt, Rockefeller Forest, California, USA

Diameter: 5.18 m

The Stratosphere giant was once the tallest tree in the world. It was opened in July 2000 in the National Park of Humboldt, at the first measurement in 2000 the height of the tree was 112.34 meters and it continues to grow, its height of 113.11 m was recorded in 2010. The tree is surrounded a large number of  trees of almost the same size. To avoid damage from tourism, the exact location of the tree was not disclosed to the public.

3. Icarus - 113.14 m

Species: Sequoia sempervirens

Diameter: 3.78 m

2. Helios - 114.58 m

Species: Sequoia sempervirens

Location: Redwoods, Redwood Creek, California, USA

Diameter: 4,96 m

Helios is the tallest tree in the world from June 1, 2006 to August 25, 2006. The tree lost its title, after the foresters found Hyperion on the other side of Redwood Creek.

In the photo, Richard Preston and his daughter climb the tree in Humboldt Park.

1. Hyperion - 115.61 m

It is difficult to surprise a person with tall buildings or towers, huge structures are growing all over the world. Concrete slabs and fittings make up the bulk of these giants. But what nature gives us always causes curiosity and admiration. Giant, hundred-meter trees are fascinating at first sight. Standing before such a "living being", we feel like dwarfs, but at the same time feel pride in the grandeur and beauty of our environment.

All the leading places among the tallest trees are coniferous trees of sequoia. They grow mainly in the south of the USA. Sequoia red or evergreen, is a symbol of the state of California. Besides the title of the highest tree, it is one of the most ancient plants, their appearance on earth dates back more than 200 million years ago. The name of the tree was received in honor of the leader of the Indian tribe Sequoia. Perhaps they were the prototype of huge trees from another planet from the movie "Avatar."

Over the past 15 years, the first place has been constantly changing from one tree to another. As a result, for today, the unconditional winner is a tree called. The height of the giant is 115.5 m., The age reaches about 750-800 years. There is an opinion that the growth of sequoia for the year increases by an average of 25 cm. Given that the life expectancy of such a giant reaches 4 thousand years, Hypereon can be safely called a young tree, which is still growing and growing.

The next champion in height, stands next to the previous one. Sequoia called Helios. The height of the trunk is 114.6 m. Prior to the discovery of Hyperion, it was Helios who held the title of the tallest tree. These trees occupy the first places not only in growth, they are better than other plants to purify the air of carbon dioxide.

On the third place I settled confidently, more precisely, stretched out Icarus. This is also a sequoia, growing next to Hyperon and Helios. The finding of almost all giants in California is classified. To save the infrastructure and not to disturb the ecology around the protected natural monuments is the main goal of the parks. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the number of these trees declined sharply, the main reason is the human factor. Building materials from the redwoods were very popular, the products made of it are strong, light and absolutely not subject to rot. The list of chemicals in wood is so great that it scares off all pests, including termites. Nowadays there are about 500 giants left.

The Stratosphere Giant  - until 2010 had the title of the tallest tree in the world. Located in California. The last measurements recorded a height of 113.11 meters. It is worth noting that all kinds of redwoods do not suffer from fire, the tree bark is fireproof. Due to the burned place around the sequoia, the sun's rays provide a rapid growth for young shoots.

The fifth place is occupied by a sequoia with a long name National Geographic Society.The height of the tree is 112.71 m. The diameter is 4.39. By the way, the largest, heavy and three-dimensional tree of the sequoia family is General Sherman. At the age of 2,500 years and weighing about 1,900 tons, the circumference of the trunk has a size of more than 30 meters.

Orion. Sixth place. A huge sequoia, grows close with a few more giants, but the height is twice as high. For 2012, the growth is 112.63 m. The age is about 1500 years. All representatives of the species sequoia can rightfully be called long-livers, the record holder is a tree with the age of 4484 years. Spilled in 1965 sequoia, today attracts thousands of tourists, shocked by the thickness of the trunk and an abundance of annual rings.

Lauralin, seventh in the list of tallest trees. Location - California. The height reaches 112.62 meters. Among his representatives is one of the youngest. Although the sequoi, which has reached more than 100 meters, to call the young at the root is not true. "Living fossil" or "Mammoth tree", so these words characterize these trees in two words. It is proved that the giants grew in the Jurassic period and, perhaps, under them rested dinosaurs. In each growing tree lives its own ecosystem - birds nest, lichen and other vegetation grow, animals and insects live.

In ninth place one more representative of this kind Paradox. Growing in the same park as Rockefeller, enjoys no less popularity. The height of the tree is 112.56 m. It was discovered one of the first, the name got because of the contrast: the grown-up adult coniferous trees, look dwarfed in comparison with the Paradox.

Closes the top ten of the sequoia list Mendocino  - the most damaged tree because of the influx of curious tourists. Now is under protection, you can not see the tree near.

We were convinced that all the places of honor belong to the sequoia, but if we exclude them from the list, as absolute champions, where will our views turn? In difficult conditions, in places where forest fires raged, on the island of Tasmania, the largest deciduous tree grows - a royal eucalyptus, with a sonorous name Centurion. The age of this giant is more than 400 years, and the height is 101m. The island is the owner of several eucalyptus of similar height, following after Centurion, the giant Icarus's dream, reaching 97m. Eucalyptus, for its ability to absorb and vaporize more than a hundred liters of water per day, is called "trees - pumps." The highest blossoming tree can be seen without the bark, as the rapid growth of the tree in breadth results in its dropping.

In some sources, several more species of no less than huge trees are indicated, but the description about them is extremely scarce. So in the Columbia National Forest in Washington grows Noble fir, reaching 85m. And in the state of Idaho, there is a mountain pine with a height of 70 m.

In our country a wide variety of forests with different climatic zones. Can Russia boast of tall trees? On the territory of the Yalta Botanical Garden and in the Krasnodar Territory, the most famous sequoias grow, but the longest of them is 38m.

In the forests of the Krasnodar Territory, on the south-eastern part of the Black Sea coast, there is a growing fir Nordman, tall trees with a straight trunk, sometimes reach 70-80 m. Due to the long lower branches, resemble a dark green pyramid. The age reaches no more than 600 years, mostly die of sabotage of insects.

A little higher, the usual growth of 60 to 100m. Evergreen, frost-resistant tree, grows very slowly, lives up to 600-700 years.

Often meets spruce, reaching a size of up to 50-60m. The most extensive distribution is the entire northern part of our country. Lives a little less than its evergreen representatives, an average of about 250-300 years. In the list of our tall trees, one should also mention the Siberian cedar (slightly smaller than the others, but an unusually beautiful and spreading tree), beech, ash, birch (the height of some specimens reaches 30-35 m.). Each of these trees causes pride and calls for responsible, careful attitude to our nature.

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10. The tree of Mendocino - 112.20 m, the USA

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.
  Location: Montgomery Woods, USA.
  Diameter: 4.19 m.

Between December 1996 and August 2000, it was the tallest tree in the world. It was discovered in the city of Montgomery Woods and named Mendocino Tree. The tree is one of dozens of such tall trees in a grove and has never been specifically declared the largest for protection purposes. Previously widely publicized candidates for the highest tree in the world were badly affected because of the numerous tourists.

9. Paradox - 112.56 m, the United States

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.

  Diameter: 3.90 m.

8. Rockefeller - 112,60 m, the USA

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.
  Location: Humboldt, California, USA.
  Diameter: The exact diameter is unknown.

7. Lauralin - 112.62 m

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.
  Location: Humboldt, South Fork Eel River, California, USA.
  Diameter: 4.54 m.

6. Orion - 112.63 m

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.
  Location: Redwoods, California, USA.
  Diameter: 4.33 m.

5. National Geographic Society - 112.71 m

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.
  Location: Redwood Creek, California, USA.
  Diameter: 4.39 m.

The fifth tallest tree in the world is located in Redwood Creek. Since 1994, after this tree was found, it became the tallest tree in the world until 1995.

4. The giant of the stratosphere - 113.11 m

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.
  Location: Humboldt, Rockefeller Forest, California, USA.
  Diameter: 5.18 m.

The giant of the stratosphere was once the tallest tree in the world. It was opened in July 2000 in the Humboldt National Park. At the first measurements in 2000 the height of the tree was 112.34 meters, and it continues to grow. The height of 113.11 m was recorded in 2010. The tree is surrounded by a large number of trees of almost the same size. To avoid damage from tourism, the exact location of the tree was not disclosed to the public.

3. Icarus - 113.14 m

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.

  Diameter: 3.78 m.

2. Helios - 114.58 m

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.
  Location: Redwoods, the tributary of Redwood Creek, California, USA.
  Diameter: 4.96 m.

Helios is the tallest tree in the world from June 1, 2006 to August 25, 2006. The tree lost its title after the forester found Hyperion on the other side of the Redwood Creek tributary.

In the photo, Richard Preston and his daughter climb the tree in Humboldt Park.

1. Hyperion - 115.61 m

Type: Sequoia sempervirens.
  Location: Redwoods, the tributary of Redwood Creek, California, USA.
  Diameter: 4.84 m

Hyperion was discovered on August 25, 2006 by naturalists Chris Atkins and Michael Taylor. The tree was measured, its height was 115.55 meters in height. The tree was found in a remote area of ​​Redwood national and state parks acquired in 1978. The exact location of the tree was not revealed to the public because of fear that tourist traffic could disrupt the ecosystem of tree life. The area of ​​the tree is estimated at 502 square meters, and its approximate age is 700-800 years.

Fir is an evergreen coniferous tree that belongs to the Sosnovy family. Our message will tell you about this plant in detail.

Description

Fir is a powerful plant. The diameter of the trunk of an adult tree is 1.5-2 meters, the height is 80-100 meters, approximately with a 30-storey house! it the tallest tree in Russia.  Its thick dark green crown grows from the very bottom of the trunk, it has the shape of a cone. From a distance the tree looks like a huge dark green pyramid.

Rod a powerful root goes deep into the earth.  It is beyond the power to knock such a tree off.

The young crust is smooth and gray, thickens with age, becomes covered with cracks. The bark has a multitude of resinous courses and convex hillocks in which resin accumulates. The needles are narrow and flat, non-touchy and soft to the touch, they live 10-15 years, do not fall off even after the branches have dried.

At first, the tree grows very slowly, and at 12-14 years of life the growth rate increases. Fir is a long-liver. She is lives on average 300-400 years,  some species live to 600-700 years.

The fir forest is called fir. It is always very dark and damp in it. Roots grow on the roots, and cranberries, grass. In the fir forest can often be found, aspen, beech, oak, maple.

Distribution and Species

Fir spread throughout the Northern Hemisphere  planets (the northern part of the continent of Eurasia). Siberian fir occurs even in the polar regions in the lower reaches of the Yenisei. In Russia, 10 species of wood are growing. These conifers are also rich in East Asia, especially Japan.

Some species are found in the northern part: in Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador. In North Africa, Algerian fir grows.

Today 47 species of fir are known:  Siberian, white, Caucasian, Korean, balsamic, Sakhalin, hard, Himalayan, magnificent and others.

Reproduction

Fir is a monoecious plant. It means that on one tree, male and female cones simultaneously grow.  They are easy to distinguish between themselves. Men's cones hang down like earrings, and women stand erect, like candles. This fir is different from other coniferous trees.

The first time the tree blossoms in 40-60 years.  During flowering, female cones appear red-violet. Pollinated by the wind. 2-3 weeks after pollination, they close tightly, and seeds start to ripen in them. Later in the autumn, cones crumble, seeds that are very fragrant, fall out, are carried by the wind, or. Falling into the ground, they germinate. Seed germination lasts 2 years.

Unlike other fir trees multiplies by layers.  Its lower branches are so low that they often touch the ground and start the roots. So grows a young tree.

Fir grows well both in open places and in the shade, loves warmth, but it tolerates frosts steadily, loves moisture and fertile soils. It grows well only in clean air, dies with smoke and fumes.

Use in the national economy

Even in hoary antiquity, healers estimated the useful properties of fir. Its needles are a valuable source of vitamin C,  infusion of needles apply for the treatment of scurvy, beriberi, raising immunity.

  In folk medicine, infusions and decoctions of roots, bark, branches and cones of fir are used.

Fir oil is used to obtain medical camphor. Him add to cosmetology.  Also, the essential oil of this tree is a part of the important medicine "Urolesan". Extract "Fir Balsam" has found wide application in medicine, as an effective wound healing and anti-inflammatory agent.

And a few more facts:

• in Siberia, fir brooms for the bath are very common;
• fir wood is softer than spruce, but suitable for building and manufacturing furniture;
• decorative species are often planted on private plots and in park areas.