When the clock is set to daylight saving time. Europe last set clocks to winter time

Transitioning to different times is not new for most countries. Quite recently, for us it was a habit. However, not so long ago, the Russian Federation abandoned this practice. I wonder if there will be daylight saving time in Russia in 2018?

This question arose not by chance on the eve of the New Year. Many deputies continue to discuss the expediency of changing the time. Who knows, maybe supporters of the translation of the clock hands will win The State Duma, and then the whole country will have to get used to living according to the changed time again.

Why did they start talking about the transfer of arrows again?

As you know, in our country, not the most better times... After the “fat decade”, when oil was worth over a hundred dollars, there was a period of tightening the belts. Now in our country the issue of saving money is very acute. Not enough money for the most important social programs... In this regard, they again remembered the cost savings that can be achieved when switching to different times. According to experts, the rational use of daylight hours can save up to 4 billion rubles. This money could go to the most acute items of the state budget. That is why more and more parliamentarians are inclined to think that it is time to move the clock again.

When did daylight saving time first change?

In the last century, experiments were done not only in industry, science and agriculture... All aspects of people's lives were completely changed. The idea for daylight saving time originated in the UK. In 1908, this country decided on a bold experiment, and all the clock hands were moved forward one hour. This was done with the aim of more rational use of daylight hours. In those years, the First world Warand the savings were badly needed. I must say that the innovation yielded results. It is no coincidence that in 1918 they ventured on such an experiment:

• Austria;
• Germany;

Russia supported such an initiative six months earlier. It was also important for her to save energy. The Provisional Government ordered in the spring to move all clocks forward an hour, and in the fall - an hour back. In such conditions, it was easy to regulate the length of the working day.

What happened in the USSR and the Russian Federation

However, the innovation did not take root in Russia. Many regions and territories of our vast country refused to fulfill the orders of the government, especially since Russia was already on the eve of a new revolution. The country is in real chaos. The state did not live in a single, understandable time for the whole country. It is no coincidence that with the advent of the new government, the decrees of the previous government were canceled. At that difficult time, there was a question of saving the country, not saving.

The Soviet government returned to this question only twelve years later. All clock hands in the USSR were moved one hour ahead. Thus, the new government wanted to achieve savings and raise the economy of the young state. The country has lived in this state for almost fifty years. This period went down in history as "decree time". The experiments did not end there over time. In 1981, the Government of the USSR made a decision to move the clock an additional hour ahead. One got the impression that the officials had forgotten what happened half a century ago. In this way, Soviet Union already deviated from the real time by two hours. Such reorganization games led to confusion over time in various regions. It got to the point that in the spring many regions did not move the arrows forward, but in the fall they returned together with the whole country one hour back.

Also, experiments continued with the time of entering summer and winter time. The first three years after the introduction of the next innovation, the arrows were translated on April 1 in the spring, and on October 1 in the fall. Then they decided to carry out the corresponding procedure on the last Sunday of March and the same day in September. These dates changed every year, which added new complications. It all ended with the fall of the Soviet state. Union republics, one after another, began to abandon the practice of changing times. The situation in Russia was eventually saved only by the restoration of administrative time zones.

This table shows in the best way what kind of bacchanalia took place in Russia in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.

Will there be a clock change in 2018?

The confrontation between Duma deputies and officials of the Russian government continues even now. Many MPs representing their region are dissatisfied with the law "On the calculation of time". They insist on studying the effect of constant summer time on the human body. The government of the Russian Federation, in turn, adopted a decree on strengthening explanatory work in educational institutions and the media on the advisability of canceling seasonal changes in time. Parliamentarians continue to defend their point of view on the benefits of switching to daylight saving time and returning to time zones instead of time zones.

Judging by the intensity of passions and the experience of senseless reform in our country, anything can happen. It may happen that many will again be interested in the question: "When do the clocks switch to summer time, or what date should we switch to winter time?"

Most of the post-Soviet countries are preparing to move the clock hands back 1 hour, in this connection, many residents of Russia have a question whether in 2018 we will have a transition to winter time.

Let us recall that officially the transition to "winter" and "summer" time in all regions of the Russian Federation was canceled back in 2011, when the whole country tried to live in the so-called "summer time". A few years later, namely in 2014, a one-time transfer to the "winter" (astronomical) time was carried out, according to which the country lives today.

Unfortunately, both of the options proposed by the government met with a storm of discontent in certain regions of the country. We propose to figure out which regions of Russia will never turn the clock hands again, and which ones do not want to live according to "winter time" and why.

Traditionally, the transition between "winter" and "summer" time occurs twice a year - in October and in March. In this case, "winter" time is considered astronomical, and "summer" is introduced in order to more efficiently use daylight hours and save electricity.

According to the data cited by Russian scientists, the transition to "summer" time will save about 2 billion kilowatts of electricity.

Also, as arguments “FOR” the transfer of hours, they cite a decrease in the number of criminal incidents and road accidents. But the main goal of "playing with the clock" is to create the most comfortable conditions for people's lives, because, you must admit that it is very difficult to sleep if the dawn occurs at 3 am or to wake up in the morning when it is dead night outside. As a result, not only the mental and physical health of people suffers, but also the productivity of their work.

Interesting facts about how and why in Russia and European countries they began to translate clocks, we suggest to learn from the video:

Problems and disadvantages of "playing with time"

At the same time, opponents of the translation of arrows give the following arguments:

• the increase in the number of emergency calls on the days of the change of hours clearly indicates negative influence this factor on health;
• the economic benefit from moving the arrows is negligible;
• the seasonal transition brings confusion and confusion to the traffic schedules;
• even for pets that live by their internal biological rhythm, shifting the usual schedule is stressful.

At first glance, the decision lies on the surface - to abandon seasonality in favor of astronomical time. But, in practice, not everything is so simple.

Unfortunately, when deciding whether there will be a transition to winter time in Russia in general, and in what time we will live in 2018 and the upcoming 2019 in particular, the government forgets about such factors.

1. Russia is a country occupying a huge area, where each region has its own climatic and geographical features.
2. The option ideal for the southern latitudes of the Krasnodar Territory cannot be comfortable for residents of the Far North.

European practice

Not so long ago, supporters of seasonal clock translation cited European practice as an argument. Indeed, almost all European countries regularly “turn” the arrows. But, last news say that the issue of abandoning the "winter" and "summer" time is also acute for the European Union, because 84% of Europeans oppose this outdated practice.

Will this initiative be continued and will many countries really follow Russia's example in the near future, see the plot:

Will the old practice return in 2018 or 2019?

On this moment all of Russia lives according to astronomical (winter) time. And when asked whether there will be a transition to winter time in 2018, the government gives a clear and unequivocal answer - no, such options are not even considered.

Indeed, it is incorrect to talk about the transition to "winter" time in 2018, since the country already lives by this time. If the question about the return of the practice of seasonal switching of arrows arises, then this may happen closer to spring.

The clock was changed in Volgograd

The Volgograd Region will be the only region of Russia where the clock transfer will take place in 2018. The hands of the clock will move 1 hour forward on the night of October 27-28.

But, the translation of the arrows will not be associated with the return of seasonality, but with the introduction of the regional time. The decision to change the time zone, submitted to a referendum, was supported by 58.8% of the residents of the Volgograd region, and on 10/11/18 the law was already signed by Vladimir Putin.

Recall that earlier the region belonged to the II zone, which caused a lot of inconvenience to people due to the discrepancy between the time and the beginning of daylight hours (in some cities in the summer the dawn occurred at 3:00). Now, when the region belongs to the III zone (+1 hour Moscow time), residents will be much more comfortable.

On the night of Saturday to Sunday, October 28, 2018, the EU countries will simultaneously move the arrows back one hour. Most likely they will do it one last time. As a result of the referendum, the European Commission decided that from 2019 the clock will no longer be changed.

Last clock change

• Who invented this?
• Impact on health
• Situation in Europe

Until April 2019, each EU country must decide on what time it stays - for winter or summer. There are fears that the picture of time zones in the European Union will change chaotically. On the other hand, it can, on the contrary, be harmonized if neighboring countries agree with each other.

Who invented this?

At the equator of the Earth, the same length of day and night remains all year round: 12 hours each. There are no problems with sleep disorders, energy conservation and so on. In winter, sunrise and sunset occur at almost the same time as in summer. Unfortunately, this is not the case at other latitudes. Due to the tilt of the earth's axis of 23.44 °, the solstices and equinoxes fall on different seasons. In other words, in the northern hemisphere, a summer day is longer than a winter day.

Sunrise and sunset times throughout the year with and without daylight saving time, time in Greenwich (UK). Data from the Daylight Chart program

Hence the idea of \u200b\u200btransferring the clock hands to daylight saving time was born. The idea belongs to New Zealand entomologist and amateur astronomer George Hudson. In 1895, he submitted an article to the Wellington Philosophical Society proposing a two-hour shift of the clock hands to "preserve daylight." The article was published in 1898.

The idea was noticed in England, where the aristocrat and businessman William Willett became its main propagandist. In 1907, with his own money, he published and replicated the pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight". According to his proposal, the clock should be set every Sunday in April by 20 minutes at 2 a.m. (only 80 minutes in April), and on Sundays in September - in the opposite direction according to the same scheme. This will save England £ 2.5m in lighting costs.

Purely scientific ideas from "nerds" rarely attract the attention of influential political circles. But in this case it happened. It is possible that William Willett's golf club acquaintance, parliamentarian William Pearce, presented the idea to the British Parliament on 12 February 1908, but it was never accepted, although Willett promoted it until his death in 1915.

The first to officially introduce summer time was the German Empire and its ally Austria-Hungary during the First World War in order to save coal in wartime. This significant event took place on April 30, 1916.

The example of the enemy was immediately followed by Great Britain and the Allies. Russia and several other countries waited until next year, and the United States introduced daylight saving time in 1918.

First time changeover to DST in Ohio, United States

After the war, most countries abandoned the translation of clocks, but with the outbreak of World War II, it was again used almost everywhere.

IN last years several countries canceled daylight saving time, including Russia and Belarus in 2011. But in Russia, the reform caused public complaints about the darkness in the mornings, so daylight saving time was returned in 2014. The translation of arrows was canceled in Argentina, Canada, Kazakhstan, Iceland, Turkey and other countries. Now the turn has come to the European Union.

Impact on health

Scientific research shows conflicting results regarding the health effects of clock shifts. Depending on where the person lives and how they live, converting arrows can give the body more daylight, which increases vitamin D production.

On the other hand, shifting the arrows increases the risk of heart attack by 10%, disrupts sleep and reduces its effectiveness. Human biorhythms go astray and within a few weeks are adjusted to a new schedule (1, 2). Studies show that within a few weeks after the spring transfer of arrows, the number of suicides in men increases.

Sleep disturbances are the main negative consequence of clock adjustments, which is why some doctors now recommend dropping DST (daylight saving time). In many countries, disputes on this topic have been going on for decades.

Saving energy is generally called a myth: studies have shown that lighting costs are practically unchanged as a result of clock adjustments. An order of magnitude more savings is provided by the transition to LED-lamps and "smart" sensors.

Situation in Europe

In Europe, a universal transition to daylight saving time was introduced in 1996: all countries simultaneously moved the hands one hour forward on the last Sunday in March and one hour back on the last Sunday in October. Now this rule is canceled. Tweet from European Transport Commissioner Violeta Bulc:

Traditionally, the transport industry suffers most from the translation of the arrows and the need to change the timetables, so Violet's joy is understandable. She hopes that the European Parliament and national governments will quickly coordinate their actions, and calls for the start of "consultations at the state level to ensure a coordinated approach for all members of the European Union."

Time zones in the European Union

Until April 2019, each EU country must decide on what time it stays - for winter or summer.

The decision of the European Commission is based on the results of an online survey, which was attended by 4.6 million people in Europe. It is curious that 3 million of them represented Germany, that is, the representativeness of the survey is rather doubtful.

However, 80% of respondents voted to abolish daylight saving time. European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said on the air of ZDF: "People want it, then we will do it." Chancellor Angela Merkel also agreed that this is "a very important issue." published

If you have any questions on this topic, ask the experts and readers of our project.

Many countries are preparing for the transition to the so-called winter time, but the Russian Federation has decided never to move the arrows in any direction again. It has long been known: the transition to winter time in 2018 in Russia has been canceled. The Russian government took care of this relatively recently, four years ago. This is the official refusal of the country's leadership to switch to the so-called winter time.

Russia is not included in the list of countries that change watches twice a year. This is due to legislation, disputes between scientists and deputies. Seven years ago, parliamentarians passed a law that canceled the transition to winter time. However, residents of many cities complained about the inconvenience of constant summer time.

Citizens of the Russian Federation in most regions now do not set their watches. Accordingly, in Russia there will be no change of clocks to winter time. By this time, the country is already living. But in this regard, not everyone is happy with everything. Some regions have switched to summer time themselves. There are 11 such regions in total. Over time, confusion sometimes "scattered" one region in different time zones.

This winter, Deputy Anton Baryshev proposed returning summer time to Russia. According to him, parliamentarians receive many complaints from citizens about the constant winter time. Baryshev also cited statistics according to which the number of road accidents in the country has increased over four years of constant winter time. In addition, the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases increased and the incidence of rheumatism increased. Nevertheless, winter time in most regions of the Russian Federation remains constant.

Today, as in the good Soviet times, each time zone of the Russian Federation will have its own time. In general, many Russians misunderstand the situation, since they say that we have switched to winter time. In fact, the country switched to daylight saving time, since for the first time the hands of the clock were transferred in the spring, and not in the winter.

Having completely switched over to the usual winter time, electricity consumption in Russia has noticeably decreased.

If this is translated into money, the annual savings amount to over 4 billion rubles. In many countries, the hands of the clock are changed today. This year will also be no exception, since the transition to the so-called winter time is scheduled for October 29.

1. 1917 - Russia makes the transition to the "summer" time;
2. 1981 - The Soviet Union approves the annual daylight saving time;
3. 2011 - The transition to "winter" time was canceled by the decree of the country's leadership;
4. 2011 - Russia again lives according to the "summer" routine;
5. 2014 - The country moves the hands one hour back;
6. 2014 - "Winter" time remains constant;
7. Translating watches annually saves about 4 billion rubles.

Every year, Russian citizens changed the hands of the clock, depending on the half of the year. In 2014, daylight saving time was canceled. The country moves the hands back a full hour. The issue of returning the seasonal transfer still arises due to the adoption of new bills that could return the transition to the “summer” schedule.

In the media, headlines about the return of transformations are repeatedly skipped. The people are listening to the news more attentively, expecting a new reform of the daylight saving time in 2018.

Most of the post-Soviet countries are preparing to move the clock hands back 1 hour, in this connection, many residents of Russia have a question whether in 2018 we will have a transition to winter time.

Russia will not switch to winter time in 2018

Experiments with the cancellation of the transition to summer and winter time in Russia unexpectedly made our country the leading state in Europe. In 2018, the topic of translating arrows was raised in European countries, and the inhabitants of the continent made their unambiguous choice.

Let us recall that officially the transition to "winter" and "summer" time in all regions of the Russian Federation was canceled back in 2011, when the whole country tried to live in the so-called "summer time". A few years later, namely in 2014, a one-time transfer to the "winter" (astronomical) time was carried out, according to which the country lives today.

Unfortunately, both of the options proposed by the government met with a storm of discontent in certain regions of the country. We propose to figure out which regions of Russia will never turn the clock hands again, and which ones do not want to live according to "winter time" and why.

Why Russia refused to transfer time

Doctors say that time shifting has a negative effect on a person:

1. chronic diseases are exacerbated;
2. sleep disturbances;
3. concentration decreases;
4. attention is scattered;
5. the state of health worsens.

Canceling the transition at different times allows the body to avoid stressful situations.

Will the clock be changed to winter time in Russia

Russia is not included in the list of countries that change watches twice a year. This is due to legislation, disputes between scientists and deputies. Seven years ago, parliamentarians passed a law that canceled the transition to winter time. However, residents of many cities complained about the inconvenience of constant summer time.

Citizens of the Russian Federation in most regions now do not set their watches. Accordingly, in Russia there will be no change of clocks to winter time. By this time, the country is already living. But in this regard, not everyone is happy with everything. Some regions have switched to summer time themselves. There are 11 such regions in total. Over time, confusion sometimes "scattered" one region in different time zones.

This winter, Deputy Anton Baryshev proposed returning summer time to Russia. According to him, parliamentarians receive many complaints from citizens about the constant winter time. Baryshev also cited statistics according to which the number of road accidents in the country has increased over four years of constant winter time. In addition, the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases increased and the incidence of rheumatism increased. Nevertheless, winter time in most regions of the Russian Federation remains constant.

Today, as in the good Soviet times, each time zone of the Russian Federation will have its own time. In general, many Russians misunderstand the situation, since they say that we have switched to winter time. In fact, the country switched to daylight saving time, since for the first time the hands of the clock were transferred in the spring, and not in the winter.

Having completely switched over to the usual winter time, electricity consumption in Russia has noticeably decreased.

If this is translated into money, the annual savings amount to over 4 billion rubles. In many countries, the hands of the clock are changed today. This year will also be no exception, since the transition to the so-called winter time is scheduled for October 29.

Why do the hands of the clock move at all?

Traditionally, the transition between "winter" and "summer" time occurs twice a year - in October and in March. In this case, "winter" time is considered astronomical, and "summer" is introduced in order to more efficiently use daylight hours and save electricity.

According to the data cited by Russian scientists, the transition to "summer" time will save about 2 billion kilowatts of electricity.

Also, as arguments “FOR” the transfer of hours, they cite a decrease in the number of criminal incidents and road accidents. But the main goal of "playing with the clock" is to create the most comfortable conditions for people's lives, because, you must admit that it is very difficult to sleep if the dawn occurs at 3 am or to wake up in the morning when it is dead night outside. As a result, not only the mental and physical health of people suffers, but also the productivity of their work.

Interesting facts about how and why in Russia and European countries they began to translate clocks, we suggest to learn from the video:

Problems and disadvantages of "playing with time"

At the same time, opponents of the translation of arrows give the following arguments:

• the increase in the number of calls to emergency medical care on the days of changing hours clearly indicates the negative impact of this factor on health;
• the economic benefit from moving the arrows is negligible;
• the seasonal transition brings confusion and confusion to the traffic schedules;
• even for pets that live by their internal biological rhythm, shifting the usual schedule is stressful.

At first glance, the decision lies on the surface - to abandon seasonality in favor of astronomical time. But, in practice, not everything is so simple.

Unfortunately, when deciding whether there will be a transition to winter time in Russia in general, and in what time we will live in 2018 and the upcoming 2019 in particular, the government forgets about such factors.

1. Russia is a country occupying a huge area, where each region has its own climatic and geographical features.
2. The option ideal for the southern latitudes of the Krasnodar Territory cannot be comfortable for residents of the Far North.

European practice

Not so long ago, supporters of seasonal clock translation cited European practice as an argument. Indeed, almost all European countries regularly “turn” the arrows. But, the latest news suggests that the issue of abandoning the "winter" and "summer" time is acute for the European Union, because 84% of Europeans oppose this outdated practice.

Will this initiative be continued and will many countries really follow Russia's example in the near future, see the plot:

Will the old practice return in 2018 or 2019?

At the moment, all of Russia lives according to astronomical (winter) time. And when asked whether there will be a transition to winter time in 2018, the government gives a clear and unequivocal answer - no, such options are not even considered.

Indeed, it is incorrect to talk about the transition to "winter" time in 2018, since the country already lives by this time. If the question about the return of the practice of seasonal switching of arrows arises, then this may happen closer to spring.

So, the last time the talk about the return of "summer" time in Russia was started last spring. We offer you to watch a video report, which talks about the new initiative of the State Duma deputies.

The clock was changed in Volgograd

The Volgograd Region will be the only region of Russia where the clock transfer will take place in 2018. The hands of the clock will move 1 hour forward on the night of October 27-28.

But, the translation of the arrows will not be associated with the return of seasonality, but with the introduction of the regional time. The decision to change the time zone, submitted to a referendum, was supported by 58.8% of the residents of the Volgograd region, and on 10/11/18 the law was already signed by Vladimir Putin.

Recall that earlier the region belonged to the II zone, which caused a lot of inconvenience to people due to the discrepancy between the time and the beginning of daylight hours (in some cities in the summer the dawn occurred at 3:00). Now, when the region belongs to the III zone (+1 hour Moscow time), residents will be much more comfortable.

Reasons for the refusal of the country's leadership from the transition of the Russian Federation to winter time

• Nervousness increases.
• Sleep is disturbed.
• Attention is scattered.
• Chronic diseases are aggravated.
• Decreases concentration.
• The general well-being of a person worsens.

Cancellation of the translation of arrows twice a year allows the body to quickly adapt and never experience stressful situations again.