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Year of the founding of the city of Pereslavl. Pereslavl Zalessky attractions of the city, where is located, description

"There is a lost world in Russia,
What does not live for words, not for glory,
What is lost like a kite, people -
This is a city in the forests - Pereslavl. "
(Natalia Martishin)

Pereslavl-Zalessky - ancient Russian city, located in the very center of Russia, 140 km. from Moscow. This is the second after Sergiev Posad Tourist point of the Golden Ring on the federal highway Moscow-Holmogor, leading from the capital to the White Sea. Pereslavl and its surroundings keep a lot of remarkable monuments of antiquities of the XII-XIX centuries and "Memory Places" associated with important historical events and famous personalities.

I so love this cute cozy town that in my own ranking of the old towns of Russia, it is firmly in the upper three, and perhaps and occupies the first place in it. Here pulls again and again, and especially pulls when I just left it.

Entering in Pereslavl, 4 km. From the city trait, we see the chapel "Cross" (Fedorovskaya). At this very spot in the 16th century, being on a trip by holy places, the spouse of Ivan the Terrible Queen Anastasia Romanova gave birth to Tsarevich Fedor. Fyodor became the last king of the farther dynasty Rurikovich. In honor of his birth, Ivan Grozny ordered to put a letter of thanks, replaced later by a stone chapel.

By the way, Pereslavli in Russia were as many as three. "Move the glory" meant - "defeat." Even in Kievan Rus, in the 10th century, some mats won the martial arts of the Beatiege of Pecheneg, "he moved his glory," and in honor of this, the city was founded by the city of Pereyaslavl-South, now the city of Khmelnitsky. In 1095, the second Pereyaslavl arose, Pereyaslavl-Ryazan, now this city is called Ryazan. And only the third Pereyaslavl, after in the 15th century, the letter "I" fell out of the city name, and there is our Pereslavl-Zalessky.

Pereslavl-Zalessky - the peer of Moscow. It was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgorukhaw 1152 in the place of the area separated from South Russian steppes with dense forests. In case of a dollform and his closest descendants, Pereslavl was a powerful fortress, which closed the capital of Vladimir and Suzdal from the Volga Bulgarians and Smolensk and Novgorod Rate during the times of princely gravity.

The city survived his dawn in the 13th century, when he turned out to be the center of the specific principality. The first Pereslavsky Prince was Yaroslav, the son of the Grand Prince Vladimir Vsevolod is a big nest. With it, the city has become a major political and cultural center of northeastern Russia. Below we see the defensive earthen shaft surrounding the city center.

The son of Yaroslav Alexander Nevsky became famous for victories over the Swedes on the River River in the 1240th year and over the Teuton Knights on the Lake Church (Ice Bottomier). In the 16th century, he was counted for the face of the community saints. His son Dmitry in the 1276th year became the Grand Duke of Vladimirsky and made Pereslavl the actual capital of Vladimir-Suzdal Land.

His son Ivan Dmitrievich was the last Pereslav Prince. He died childless in the 1302th year, and he went to his uncle, the son of Alexander Nevsky Daniel, the first Moscow prince, after which Moscow gradually became the main princess center. But in order to keep Pereslavl in his power, Moscow Princes of 160 years were forced to accept the title of Prince Pereslavsky. This ritual disappeared only after Dmitry Donskoy.

For the period of the Tatar Iga Pereslavl six times completely ruined and burned down. In the 1374th year, an important event was held in the city preceding the Kulikov battle - a congress of Russian princes took place here, the reason for which the baptism of the son of Dmitry Donskoy Yuri was served. The rite was conducted by the Hegumen of the Russian Land - Rev. Sergius Radonezh. At this congress, an important decision was made to beat with Mongols.

In the 15th and 16th centuries, Pereslavl became a major craft and shopping center of Moscow Rus. Survy Sokolniki and fishermen played a special role. Fishermen, who delivered her catch to the Moscow Kremlin, lived on the shores of the mouth of the river Truzh. This place in the city is still called Fish Sloboda. The mouth of the river we see in the photo below.

Inverted the city, Pereslavskaya Great Road in Doparerovskaya Russia was called Yamskaya. The largest settlement of the yamshchikov was called here, and there were about 70 yards. The road is this in the very center of the city we see in the photo.

Here, on the hunt and mantis, Vasily III and Ivan Grozny were repeatedly. After ruining the troubled time, the city was almost entirely rebuilt. At the end of the 17th century, Pereslavl was destined to become the cradle of the Russian Military Fleet. Young Peter I built my first, "fun" flotilla.

It is best to start a familiarity with the city best from the place where he originated, with Red Square (formerly Cathedral), with its urban trees, the Transfiguration Cathedral of the 12th century and other monuments of antiquity. Pereslavl-Zalessky was based on the cauldron formed by the river Truzh and the River Murmash. From the south and west, the city of Ogbal artificial manta of the sobl.

Pereslavl was the largest of fortresses built by Yuri Dolgorukh. Only later, it exceeded the strengthening of the new capital of Northeast Russia - Vladimir. The 12th century survived to this day reaches 2.5 km in a circle. It is a height of about 10, and the width is 6 m. We, of course, walked along its perimeter.

The oldest temple of the Pereslavl - the Savior-Preobrazhensky Cathedral, built in 1152-1157, was towering, built in 1152-1157. This is the earliest of the preserved monuments of the Vladimir-Suzdal architecture of the Domongol Time.

It is a small, 21 meter high, a fortress temple designed for the needs of the princely yard and a fortress city garrison. This determined his such severe monumental species, almost without decorative decoration.

To the left of the cathedral, near the urban shaft in the 13th century stood the Palace of Pereslavsky specific princes. According to legend, here, in 1220, the Russian national hero was born, Prince Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky. Now presumably at this place we see such a wooden structure.

But accurate data, alas, no. The memorial plaque hangs not on a wooden house, but on the cathedral, and does not indicate the exact place. It can be understood that the Great Communion was probably born somewhere here, probably somewhere nearby, most likely nearby.

In 1958, in memory of the Great Countryman on the Red Square of Pereslavl before the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral, the bronze bust of Alexander Nevsky work of the sculptor S.M. Eorlova was established. The bust and the cathedral are the symbols of the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky.

Not far from the cathedral, on the spot, called the "Soviet Phone", one of the most beautiful and old towns of the city is towers - the Tent Church of Peter Metropolitan. It is built in honor of Peter, Metropolitan Vladimir, accused of Tver clergy in the trade of church posts. Peter was justified, became the companion of Ivan Kalita and was later ranked as Russian Saints. Forms, the temple resembles the Ascension Church in Kolomensky in Moscow.

The preserved part of the architectural ensemble of the Vladimiro-Sretensky Novodevichy Monastery is adjacent to the Red Square. Here we see two temples - Vladimir Cathedral and Church of St. Alexander Nevsky.

The construction of pairs, similar to the architecture of the temples - the tradition of the Yaroslavl school of architecture of the 17-18 centuries. In the 1990s, worship service was restored in both temples.

From the monastery, part of the buildings of which was destroyed in the 1930s, a fragment of the fence remained. Now there is a small market trading with all souvenirs.

Nearby is a bridge over the river Truzhny, followed by the old part of the city. We find out on Rostov Street, according to which tomorrow, in early morning, let's go further, the Great Rostov, and then even further - to the favorite city of Yaroslavl.

The city has several temples built in the style of the "provincial baroque" of the 18th century. They are characterized by a red-hot color of the walls and and fade decor of platbands and cornices. It is especially elegant from the Simeon Church, decorated with charming cherubis heads. This church is located immediately behind the bridge.

And if you look into the courtyards, in front of which, unlike Moscow, there are no lattices with code locks, you can see the typical Russia of the beginning of the restructuring, which is so angry then, and which looks so exotic now.

River Trubusya divides the city into two parts. Last year, the bridge across it was closed for repairs, and it was terribly inconvenient - in order to inspect the other part of the Pereslavl, we had to make a huge hook around the perimeter of the city to return almost to the same point at a distance of twenty meters, and spend almost hour.

One of the most picturesque corners of the Pereslavl - the place of signs of the river Trubusze in Plescheyevo Lake. At the very mouth, on a small amount, there is another baroque church - the church of forty martyrs. In the summer, the temple is very beautifully reflected in the water stroit.

Everyone who goes to Pereslavl, I am very advised to bypass the city center along the earthen shaft. Everything is clearly seen from it, and you do not miss the main attractions. Only to do it in dry weather, otherwise there is a risk of jazzing, there is no asphalt or tile on the shaft, and there are many people at the top.

Most of the houses in the old part of the city are wooden, or half wooden. To live in them, probably bad, but admire them from the side of one pleasure. There are almost no money from the southern lands in the city, because the townspeople themselves will be happy for any job, and they don't arranger trade here, since the population has no money.

More modern city quarters still look old. They are very pretty, absolutely not fit the spirit of evil fussy megalopolises, and here you just rest soul. Here, in Pereslavl-Zalessky, I suddenly had some connected feeling, as if I did not survive, but really I live.

In this city, the incredible number of museums, mostly small, home, but still I have not yet seen so many museums on such a small area. They are all interesting enough. Here in this museum of gramophones and plates we were not. It is not in the city itself, but on the shore of the lake, a few kilometers from the center.

The Radio Museum is near. In it, we also were also not.

Very interesting, the museum of the iron, in which the irons are collected almost since the time of Yuri Dolgoruky to the present day. The Museum is private and also very interesting, but we were not in it.

We just did not calculate time. It never occurred to me that such a small town contains so much interesting. We planned to study it for half a day and move on to the north, but also those and a half day of constant movement, which we dedicated to him, it is too little.

But after all, we went to the main museums of the city, and there will be separate topics about them. The most important is the Garithic Monastery, which we drive along the way to the hotel. Perhaps this is the only museum of the city that cannot be missed.

And here there is a Dendrological Museum, there is a house Berendeya, there are houses-museums of famous people ... and we were not in them. But the Museum of the Kolyels of the Russian Fleet "Botik Peter" we visited, but about it in the next topic. We found him by chance, so on such a bright restaurant literally opposite the museum, and then would pass by.

For the night we stayed at the hotel next to this museum with the same name on the very shore of Lake Plescheyev. Some of the inconvenience of this hotel completely paid off views of the lake. The hostess, looking at me and our car (Moscow numbers), stated that the double room would cost 1800, but if we want personal amenities and a TV, then 2500. I agreed to the second.

Already in the room while trying to turn on the TV, we suffered a complete fiasco. With his attentive inspection, I found a complete absence of any antenna. On my angry question, the hostess, why does not work TV, she responded reasonably, they say, and he never worked, but he is in the room, what are the claims? The souls turned out to be the same, the latest system, the water was not regulated, and I first walked around, and then it became stolen. But this is all nonsense compared to views on Plescheyevo Lake.

I am a simple person, but sometimes pulls me on high thoughts. We are all, people, this is a small particle of God, his spark. In rare moments, in rare places, sort of places of power, we suddenly feel it, and we merge with the world, become part of it, the hands of God on earth, and from the heart and from the palms as if the beam is like a ray of such a power that it is he who covers these Clouds. There is no death, there is no pain and disease, there is nothing at all, in addition, which we have a small part.

Pereslavl-Zalessky. History of the city

"There is a lost world in Russia,
What does not live for words, not for glory,
What is lost like a kite, people -
This is a city in the forests - Pereslavl. "
(Natalia Martishin)

Entering in Pereslavl, 4 km. From the city feature, we see the chapel "Cross" (Fedorovskaya). At this very spot in the 16th century, being on a trip by holy places, the spouse of Ivan the Terrible Queen Anastasia Romanova gave birth to Tsarevich Fedor. Fyodor became the last king of the farther dynasty Rurikovich. In honor of his birth, Ivan Grozny ordered to put a letter of thanks, replaced later by a stone chapel.

From the monastery, part of the buildings of which was destroyed in the 1930s, a fragment of the fence remained. Now there is a small market trading with all souvenirs.

The Radio Museum is near. In it, we also were also not.

Editors:

The Russian Vera site continues a series of reports on old Russian cities, whose toponyms are inscribed in the history of the first centuries of the existence of our state and which are renowned are well-known and visited historical and cultural centers. We also will try to talk about relics and shrines located in these cities. Our new reportage from the ancient Pereslavl-Zalessky.

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View of Pereslavl-Zalessky from the bell tower of the Goritsky Assumption Monastery

From Moscow from the bus station, the northern gate (m. Hovrino) in Pereslavl-Zalessky walks buses every two hours, both direct and passing. Also in Pereslavl-Zalessky regularly walk buses from m. Schelkovskaya. Hotels in Pereslavl-Zalessky quite a lot, however, the prices for accommodation are very overestimated even in hotels on the outskirts of the city.

Hotel "Albitsky Garden" in Pereslavl-Zalessky. Prices for accommodation in hotels, even on the outskirts of the city, very high

History of the city

Pereslavl-Zalessky is one of the most ancient cities, located within the Yaroslavl region, 140 km from Moscow, on the banks of Lake Plescheev, at the place of the riverside rivers in it. The city was founded in 1152 by Prince Yuri Dolgorukh.

Monument to the founder of the Pereslavl-Zalessky prince Yuri Dolgorukhu in the territory of the Gorivsky Assumption Monastery in Peresavle-Zalessky

The initial name of the city - Pereyaslavl - in honor of the more ancient city - Pereyaslavl-Russian (now Pereyaslavl-Khmelnitsky on the territory of Ukraine). In turn, the latter was founded and named after Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich. Founded by Yuri Dolgorukhi, Pereslavl was behind the forests in the lodge - fields of fields and agriculture, so to the name of the city began to add an additional definition: Pereyaslavl-Zalessky. Since the XV century, pronunciation has changed to Pereslavl-Zalessky. After the death of Prince Yuri, Dolgoruky Pereslavl-Zalessky lost his importance as the capital of Northeast Russia, and its development has suspended. However, the city remained one of the most important goals. For about 1220, Prince Alexander Nevsky was born in him. In 1276-1294, Dmitry Alexandrovich Pereyaslavsky, the son of Alexander Nevsky, was the Grand Duke, Vladimir, although his residence was still in Pereslavl. Thus, at this time, Pereslavl-Zalessky once again became the actual capital of Northeast Russia. In 1302, after the death of Prince Ivan Dmitrievich, the city in his testament went to the Moscow Principality. Since 1302, the city was managed by Moscow governors, and sometimes he was given to feeding the printed princes. In the XV and XVI centuries, Pereslavl was the winch of Moscow princes. Pereslavl-Zalessky strongly suffered in the years of troubled time. In 1708, the city was attributed to the Moscow province. Since 1719 - Center for the Pereslavl province of Moscow province, and from 1778 - the county city of Vladimir pricker, and then provinces. From 1929 - Center of the Pereslavsky district of the Ivanovo industrial field. In 1936, Pereslavl-Zalessky entered the Yaroslavl region.

View of the Assumption Cathedral (between 1753-1761) and the Universal Church of the Goritsky Monastery in Pereslavl-Zalessky

The oldest shrine of Pereslavl-Zalessky

Prince of Yuri Dolgorukh was laid in 1152, and in 1157 he was completed at Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky.

Savior Transfiguration Cathedral in Pereslavl-Zalessky

This is a single-eyed cross-hearted four-pole trochappsid temple, the walls of which are posted in semi-computer technique from the pebble and laid almost dry blond blocks. The thickness of the walls from 1 m 30 cm to 1 m. The height of the temple in antiquity was about 22 m. The decor of the cathedral is very strict. The drum is decorated with a cleft and a gallant belt, along the top of the apse, the arcatent belt, the groove and the carved was held. There were no stone panels and other attacks to the cathedral, there were no archaeological studies on their traces. During the excavations in the temple in the late 1930s. Maitolike tiles of yellow, green and brown color, hollow floors were found. More elegant tiles, white with blue ornament, probably decorated the choir. In the second half of the XII century, the cathedral was painted with frescoes. Compositions "Scary Court" and "Our Lady on the Throne" found in 1862 the historian and archaeologist N.A. Artyleben. During the restoration of the cathedral in 1893-1894, the ancient frescoes were shot by small pieces, laid in boxes and covered in a cold barn in disarray. In 1895, the Archaeological Commission recognized the frescoes not deserving further conservation. The preserved fragment of the painting (the waist image of the Apostle Peter) is now in the historical Museum of Moscow. The frescoes of the XIX century did not represent a significant artistic value. Now inside the cathedral of white walls. From the Pereslavsky Cathedral, the temple icon "Transfiguration" of the beginning of the 15th century, attributed to the brushes of the Greek of the Greek (now - in the Tretyakov Gallery) occurs.

Savior Transfiguration Cathedral in Pereslavl-Zalessky

With one of the restorations of the Savior-Preobrazhensky Cathedral on its walls, several ancient Russian graffiti was discovered. Among the graffiti was found a unique inscription in the XII century about the murder of Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky (approx. 1111 - 1174) and a list of his killers. In the XIII-XIV centuries, the Transfiguration Cathedral was the tomb of the Pereslavl specific princes. The princes Dmitry Alexandrovich (1250-1294) and Ivan Dmitrievich were buried here and Ivan Dmitrievich (approx. 1268 - 1302). In the year of the end of the Great Patriotic War, on September 2, 1945, the Museum of Alexander Nevsky was created in the cathedral, subsequently closed. Today, the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral operates as a branch of the city museum-reserve. In memory of Prince Alexandra Nevsky in Pereslavl-Zalessky on Red Square in front of the Savior Preobrazhensky Cathedral in 1958, a bronze bust of the Grand Prince was established.

Temples on Red Square

In the central part of Pereslavl-Zalessky, on Red Square, there is a stone church with a throne in the name of the holy prince Alexander Nevsky. The church is located on the site founded in the 50s. XVII century Sretensko-Vladimir Women's Monastery. Until the XVIII century. All the buildings of the monastery were wooden, and then on the means of the Pereslavsky merchant Filipp Fadeevich Ugrumov, the temples were lined up in stone.

Church of St. BLGV. kn. Alexander Nevsky

The main volume of the temple in the name of St. Alexander Nevsky has a highly raised arch. And the facades of the building are strict and practically no decor. On scaly bulbs, very beautiful high and carved crosses are installed. The main federal is adjacent to a squat refectory room. Its large rectangular windows upstairs are also decorated with small semicircles. After the revolution, the temple was used for household needs. Worships here were resumed in 1998. Next to the temple of Alexander Nevsky is the temple in the name of St. Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow. In the patriarchy bunk books, the Petroitropolitsk Church is mentioned for the first time in 1654. The church was restored in the 1880s under the leadership of V. V. Suslov. The outer walls by 1885 were laid down and painted and painted in a gloomy dense-purple color.

Temple in the name of St. Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow

In 1988, the church was emergency. In 1991, the church returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. Currently restoration of the church is stopped. Sometimes services are held in the church.

Assumption Monastery on Gorice

The Garritsky Assumption Monastery in Pereslavl-Zalessky was founded, at the beginning of the XIV century under Ivan Kalita (1288 - 1340).

Goritsky Assumption Monastery

The monastery received its most famous name from the location on the hills - "Gorice". In the 15th century, by the monastery of the monastery, and later, Igumen (from 1470 to 1500) was Daniel Pereslavsky (? - 1540), in 1508 the monastery became founded in the Throitsky founded by him.

Monastery Wall of the Gorizsky Assumption Monastery

In the Middle Ages, the city of Gorivsky monastery owned numerous villages, including large Sokolniki, Vlelevo, Wholeless, Resurrection, Dubnevo, Yermovo, Ilyinskoye, Kurshkovo, Maurino, Nile, Pepper, Rodionsevo, Slavitino, Solomidino, Czeshnitsy, Chernitskoe, Chernitskoe On Shahe, Yaropolds and others. Further fate of the city of Goritsky Monastery in the XVI and XVII centuries is unknown.

Bell Tower with the Epiphany Church

In 1744, the Goritsky Assumption Monastery was abolished and given to the premises of the bishops' home of the newly established Pereslavl diocese. During this time, the abode was the Assumption Cathedral (between 1753-1761); bell tower with the church of the Epiphany (1768-1777); A part of the fence with the towers was again built.

Assumption Cathedral of the City Monastery

In 1788, the Pereslavsky diocese was abolished. The former monastery stopped serving the bishop residence and began to gradually end. In the "Description of the monasteries, in the Russian Empire located" (1817), "Goritsky Assumption, destroyed, near the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky" mentioned. And twenty years later, this monastery was no longer in the book (1834).

All Esweight Church of the Goritsky Assumption Monastery

The oldest buildings of the monastery undoubtedly existed in the XVII century are two gates, some of whom "Saints"; Southern fence with one tower and the church of all saints, almost losing ancient look due to later attacks.

View from the bell tower on the holy gate with the Nicolskaya Church

"Holy Gate" with the Church of St. Nicholas represent one of the outstanding samples of the Old Russian architecture and therefore were repeatedly depicted and described in various publications; Of these, the most valuable drawings are presented in the F. Richter's edition, where you can see all the details of the processing. The year of the buildings of the gate is unknown, but is indicated by many researchers in the period of the XVII century.

Tombstone on the territory of the city of Gorivsky Assumption Monastery

Back in the middle of the XVIII century, a pond "for precautions from fire cases" was dug in the middle of the monastery. The pond was filled with water artificially, along the pipes conducted from the neighboring pond at the walls of the monastery. The shores of the pond were strengthened by logs. In 1925, fruit trees were put on the museum around him.

Monastic pond

Today, a Pereslavl-Zaless Museum-Reserve is located on the territory of the Horsesky Assumption Monastery.

Icon, sculpture and painting in Pereslavl-Zaless Museum-Reserve

One of the expositions of the Pereslavl-Zalessky Museum-Reserve is dedicated to the ancient Russian iconopisis of the XV-XIX centuries. Here are the works of iconopys in the XV-XVIII centuries, exported by the Museum staff in the 1920s from closed and destroyed monasteries and temples of Pereslavl-Zalessky and Pereslavsky district.

Resurrection is a descent to hell. XVI century. Icon comes from the Pokrovsk Church with. Small Brepair Pereslavsky County

In antiquity, Pereslavl-Zalessky was one of the centers of the iconographic case, which included in the circle of Rostov-Suzdal artistic culture. From the moment of joining at the beginning of the XIV century, the Pereslavsky Details to the Moscow Principality, old cultural ties gradually weakened, but the influence of an ancient tradition remained for a long time in local visual arts. Among the Pereslavsky icon painters there were monastic irons, and landing artists who earned their lives. Local masters wrote icons not only for the temples of Pereslavl and the surrounding villages, but also for churches of Moscow and nearby cities.

Fire climbing of the prophet Elijah. End of the XVI century. Icon comes from the Pokrovsk Church in Pereslavl-Zalessky

The exposition also has several first-class monuments related to their origin with the Moscow icon painting school. So, about 1557 by order of King Ivan IV, Icons were written by Icons for the local row of the iconostasis of the Fedorovsky Cathedral of the Monastery of the Monastery: "Theodore Stratilat in Life", "Virgin Odigitria", "I am happy about you", "Troinet Old Testament", "John Yohn Zlatoust "," Nikola Wonderworker ".

Saint Nicolas with Life. XVI century. From the church of Elijah Prophet

The time of the cultural heyday of the city was the second half of the XVII century. Then more than a dozen talented icon painters lived in Pereslavl. Some of them were also invited to fulfill royal orders to Moscow.

Savior delicious. XVII century. Icon comes from the church of St. ap. John the Bogosla

The permanent exhibition of a Russian wooden sculpture is located in one of the premises of the lower floor of the XVII Forestry. Wood carving, occupying an intermediate position between high art and artistic craft, is the traditional fishery of the Pereslavsky region. Local carvers fulfilled complex iconostasic work, removed the rich chambers and peasant horses with wondrous sorrowfully, cut toys for fun. The exposition of the museum presents both complete sculptural compositions and fragments of unaccompanied iconostasis of the XVII-XIX centuries from the temples of Pereslavl and Pereslavsky district.

Tsarist gates. XVIII century

Most of the exhibits were discovered by the Museum staff during historical and ethnographic expeditions. The museum collection of a wooden sculpture is a visual evidence of the talency of the local population, endowed with a natural feeling of excellent and artistic taste, argued with a thin humor and self-irony.

In the exposition "Russian painting of the XVIII-XX centuries." Presented pictures of mobile artists: Landscapes I.I. Shishkin, N.N. Dubovsky, L.L. Kameneva, V.D. Polenova, genre canvas P.O. Kovalevsky, I.M. Snidishnikova, V.E. Makovsky.

Zhukovsky S.Yu. Forest Road

A large role in the formation of the museum and the development of his art collections belongs to D.N. Kardovsky. Thanks to his efforts, in 1927, the collection of painting was replenished with paintings by the artists of the World of Art and the Union of Russian Artists. Among them, the canvas A.N. Benouua, S.Yu. Zhukovsky, k.f. Jona, K.A. Cow.

Cocharin V.G. Twilight in fishermen. 1959

A feature of the collection of modern art museum is its thematic focus. Among such works, the canvas A.A. Osmertkin, A.A. Tutunov and others.

A.A. Tutunov Cathedral in the Fedorov monastery. Pereslavl. 1985

Nikitsky Monastery and Pereslavsky ascetic

According to the teaching of the power book, Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich (approx. 960-1015) gave the Rostov-Suzdal region to his son Boris (approx. 990-1015). In 1010, Boris and Bishop Hilarion founded the first churches on the Plescheis Lake. It is possible that one of these churches has become the basis of the future monastery.

Nikitsky Cathedral of the monastery of the monastery of the monastery in Pereslavl-Zalessky. According to the teaching of the power book, Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich (approx. 960 - 1015) gave the Rostov-Suzdal region to his son Boris (approx. 990-1015). In 1010, Boris and Bishop Hilarion founded the first churches on the Plescheis Lake. It is possible that one of these churches and became the basis of the future monastery

Approximately in the XV century, one of the monks of the Nikitsky monastery was drawn up the life of the St. Nikita of the Stalnik, which was then complemented by the description of the wonders, the saints shroudlessly. From life it follows that Rev. Nikita Pereslavsky launched here at the end of the XII century. Among the people who received healing thanks to the Holy, Mikhail Chernigovsky is mentioned in life (1179-1246), the son of King Ivan Vasilyevich Grozny - Ivan. Until the XVI century, the monastery lived with his own works. About 1515-1521 by the Pereslavsky deacon Evstafiy after his healing, a wooden Nikitskaya Church was delivered to the relics of Rev. Nikita Stalnik. In 1521, Uglich Prince Dmitry Ioannovich (1481-1521) presented the monastery village under Uglich. And in 1528, by order of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily III (1479-1533) on the territory of the monastery on the site of the old stone Nikita Church dedicated to the Great Nikita, the construction of the Stone Nikitsky Cathedral was launched. The breakdown of the monastery began under the igumen of Vasian, when Ivan IV (1530-1584) turned his attention to it. He prepared the monastery as a spare oprichny fortress - in case Alexandrovskaya Sloboda will cease to be a reliable strengthening. More than once, he made pilgrimage to the monastery with his family.

Blagoveshchensk Church

In the years 1560-1564, on the orders of the king, a five-key temple was erected in honor of the reverend Nikita of the Stalnik. One of the deposits of the king was a huge bronze panicadello for the temple, and his wife Anastasia Romanovna (1530/1532 - 1560) presented the temple a personally embroidered image of the St. Nikita of the Stalnik. The temple of the XVI century has survived to this day. At the order of the king, other buildings were erected on the territory of the monastery - the refectory church (not preserved), the notice of the church in the name of St. Archangel Gabriel (not preserved), walls and towers (1562, preserved in rebuilt). Ivan IV provided the monastery of Village, he learned the overall residence.

Monastery Walls and Tower

The walls of the monastery were withstanding the siege of Poles in 1609. And in 1611, Lithuanians with sage Sapega (1569-1611) after a two-week siege burned the monastery. In 1643-1645, the walls and towers were resumed with minor changes. At the same time, the Annunciation Church, which was preserved to this day, with a two-story meadowstone chamber and a tent bell tower were erected.

Flowering lilies in the Nikitsky Monastery

In 1702, the Chernihiv chapel was built. In 1768, the trapes of the Annunciation Church was attached to the name of St. Nichola. In the XVIII century, a chapel was built over the pillar of Rev. Nikita and office buildings. At the beginning of the XIX century, a high bell tower was built instead of the old screw church of St. Archangel Mikhail.

Nickname bell tower of the Nikitsky Monastery

In 1918, the property of the Nikitsky Monastery was nationalized. Formally, the monastery was liquidated in 1923, and valuable items were transferred to the museum. In the territory and in the buildings of the monastery at different times there were a holiday home for scientists, school, residential apartments, towns and a female colony. In 1933, the iconostasis of the Nikitsky Cathedral was burned. In the 1960-1970s, Nikitsky Cathedral was renovated. However, in 1984, his central chapter collapsed to Ilyin. In December 1993, the monastery was again opened. The large-scale restoration of buildings and arrangement of the territory began.

Monastic trapes

Resident, founded pre. Dimitri Prilutsky

Nikolsky Monastery in Pereslavl-Zalessky founded a native of this land Reverend Dimitri Prilutsky (the beginning of the XIV century - 1406) in 1348 on the spot, called "on the swamp", putting the church in the name of St. Nichola.

Nikolsky Monastery in Pereslavl-Zalessky

Founded by Rev. Dimitri, the male monastery acquired fame and began to attract a lot of praying. In 1505, Prince Ivan III (1440 - 1505), state lands were granted to the monastery. In 1609, the abode was completely ruined by Polish-Lithuanian invaders, and only in 1613 in a monastery resumed a monastery life; In 1613, ink Dionysius came to the monastery; He began the revival of the monastery. His receiver was Igumen Varlaam.

Claw Corps of the Nikolsky Monastery

The entire ensemble of the monastery for the last third of the XVIII century was rebuilt in stone. 28-meter tent bell tower (1693); The warm church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Holy Gate of the Great Church in the name of the Holy Rhinestone Apostles Peter and Paul (1772); Stone fence (1761). Very long, the chief Nikolsky Cathedral was built (1680-1721); It was a high five-key cathedral having three far-speaking apses and wide window openings.

Nikolsky Cathedral

On June 10, 1898, the Nikolsky Men's Monastery was turned into a hunny female. In 1899, a major overhaul of the two-story celon case was made with imperative rest, several economic buildings were erected. By 1900, a fade church of the Presentation of the Lord was resumed and consecrated new - all saints in the Blagoveshchensky temple. In 1903, the summer Nikolsky Cathedral was renovated inside. In 1923, the Soviet government closed the monastery, and the chief cathedral and the bell tower were blown up.

Bell tower of Nikolsky Monastery

For a long time, a livestock base was located in the monastery. On December 27, 1993, the Nikolsky women's monastery was resumed. In 1996, the five-populous completion of the Blagoveshchensk Church was recreated, and in 1999, repair and restoration work was completed.

Monastic pond

In 1999, the foundation of the Nikolsky Cathedral was laid, and on September 12, 2003, the first service in the newly constructed cathedral was served. In 2001, a Cael Corps was built with bishops and the house church in honor of Rev. Sergius Radonezh. On May 22, 2004, the belfry was held with the temple in honor of the careplace of the head of St. John Provote.

Monastic roses

Next to Nikolsky Monastery is the Smolensk Church. She notes the place of Borisoglebsky that in the sands, a monastery based on legend in 1252 and abolished in 1764. The church was built on monastic means and for money benefactors in the XVII century. In 1705, the power of Pereslavsky ink Kornilily placed in the church.

Smolensk Church in Pereslavl-Zalessky

The Smolensk Church is the only preserved structure of the Borisoglebsky Pesotsky Monastery. After the closure, the monastery was served by the parish temple. After the revolution, the church was not closed and operated up to the Great Patriotic War, and then used as a warehouse and residential premises. Up until the mid-1970s, people lived in it. Currently, worship services are committed in the church on large holidays.

Private house in Pereslavl-Zalessky

Monastery prep. Daniel, Pereslavsky Wonderworker

In 1508, Troitsky, afterwards Danielov, a monastery was founded in Pereslavl-Zalessky. The creator of the monastery was ink Pereslavsky Nikitsky Monastery Daniel (mind. 1540).

Trinity Cathedral of Danilova Monastery

The monastery was seriously injured in troubled time: "In Pereslavlѣ stood Polish and Lithuanski people, Sapѣgi, the comrades, the monastery burned and the temples were ruined, and the monastery complied with the diplomas, and wrapped the crosses, heated", written in the certificate of King Mikhail Fedorovich in Danilov Monastery from 1615 . Significant damage was caused to monastic primary patients: the peasants were killed, the houses were looted. The abode was rebuilt in the second half of the XVII century.

Monastery Walls and Tower

The very first stone building of the monastery was the Trinity Cathedral (1530). For its construction, the famous Rostov architect Gregory Borisov was invited. In 1660, to the Trinity Cathedral over the burial site of the founder of the monastery of St. Daniel attached a small temple. And this single-eyed church was an ensemble with a massive cathedral. In 1689, the architects invited from Kostroma attached to Danilovsky, attached a tent bell tower. From the east of the Chief Cathedral there is a small church of all saints (1687).

All-day Church of Trinity Danilova Monastery

This stone temple built on the site of the very first wooden church of the monastery. The stone church is marked with an ironer on a high drum decorated with a number of kokoshnikov. It was originally built at the hospital. But the hospital building did not reach this day. In the southeastern part of the monastery there is a church of the praise of the Most Holy Virgin (1695 g). It is distinguished by carved capitals and platbands, decorative "shells" and columns. On the second floor of this temple there is a refectory chamber.

Two-storey refectory Chamber of Trinity Danilova Monastery

In 1667-1669, the Archimandrite Danilov Resident was the former opponent of church reforms of Patriarch Nikon Grigory Nerov. From 1753 to 1788, the monastery was placed the Pereslavsky spiritual seminary; Since 1788 - Pereslavsky spiritual school. From 1764 to 1918 the monastery had the status of a second-class Vladimir and Suzdal Diocese. In the XVIII century, a city spiritual seminary was located in the monastery territory, and later the school. Holy Trinity Danilov The monastery was closed in 1923. During the years of Soviet power, a machine-tractor station was placed on its territory, and in 1945 - camp for German prisoners of war and the school parties. Church services were resumed in monastic walls in 1995.

Theodore monastery

Theodore monastery in Pereslavl-Zalessky was founded in 1304. In 1557, Tsar Ivan IV commanded to build a stone church in the monastery in honor of the Great Martyr Theodore Pratilate.

Holy Gate with the Scratched Church

Until 1667, the monastery was male. The monastery was closed in 1923. In June 1923, the monochable community, which has existed since 1918 in the form of agricultural artel, was eliminated.

The introduced church in the Fedorov monastery

A children's colony and a nursing home were located on the territory of the monastery. Then, for long term, the Fedorovsky monastery was transferred to the military department. A construction trust office was placed in a stimplerous house. The restoration of the buildings of the monastery began in 1967. In 1998, the temples and buildings of the monastery were transferred to the Nikolsky Monastery. On April 19, 1998, the first liturgy was made in the introduced church. On December 23, 1999, the monastery began to be considered ascribed to the Nikolsky Monastery.

Celi

Temple in the name of the forty martyrs of Sevastia

On the banks of the Lakes, in the mouth of the river, the True, in the historic Fish Sloboda there is a church in the name of the forty martyrs of Sevastia.

The church of the forty martyrs of Sevastia in Pereslavl-Zalessky existed at the beginning of the XVII century

The church here existed here at the beginning of the XVII century. In the patriarchal bunk books under 1628, it was recorded: "The Church of the Saints of the Fourth of Martyr, at Posad". In 1652, another warm church was built with this church and consecrated in honor of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In 1726-1727, both churches were rags, it became impossible to serve in them, and at the request of the priest Ivan Stefanov with parishioners was allowed to arrange new wooden churches, which in 1728 were arranged and consecrated. The Cold Church was consecrated in the same name, and warm in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin. Instead of these two wooden churches in 1755, the stone church was built on the means of Moscow merchants of Maxim and Ivana Shcheligin, now existing.

Wonderful lake

A favorite place to relax tourists in Pereslavl-Zalessky is Pleshcheyevo Lake, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is about 51 km², and the largest length is 9.5 km (from the mouth of the river Truzhnya to exit from the Lake Vices).

Plescheyevo Lake

Age of Plescheev Lake is about 30 thousand years. It was formed after the retreat of continental glaciers. This is confirmed by the position of the lake on the border of glacial moraine and ancient alluvial nansions. The ancient water was much larger than the current one. His old boundaries are noticeable as an elevated border on the eastern and south side of the lake. Here are the villages of the town, big Brembol, Red, Whole and Solomidino. At the end of the XVII century, the "fun" educational fleet of Peter I was built on the Plescheyev Lake. At the beginning of the 20th century, it was revived for several years.

Boats on the Shtcheyev Lake

The biological productivity of the lake is quite high. Fauna fish is represented by 16 species, of which the most valuable in fishing relationship: guster, bream, lime, perch, roach, ripper, bleak, pike. Other fish are found: Bind, Yersh, Karas, Lin, Pescar, Plugovka. On the shores of the lake live birds: Swan, Orlen-Belochvost, Skop, Duck, Heron, Seagull. The relict population of the marsh turtle has been preserved.

Duck

Other names of this lake: Pereslavskoye (by name standing at the city shore of Pereslavl-Zalessky), Pleeshino, Gleetchevo, Shtrech, Pleashevino, Pleascheevskoe, Shushka, Pereslavl, Pereyaslavl, Shrenzka, shoulders. According to one version, the name of the lake is associated with the ancient city of Plog, the predecessor of Pereyaslavl-Zalessky. The current name is the modification of the older name derived from the glue. According to the folk legend, the lake received its name Plescheevo from the splashing properties, throw out all the things thrown into it.

Pereslavl boats of all rainbow colors

One of the main attractions of the lake is a blue stone - a three-meter cobblestone weighing 12 tons consisting of a fine-grained quartz biotite slate. The stone moves mysteriously. That we just tried to do with it: and drove, and drove at the bottom of the lake, and took away, but he was always inexplicably returned. This legend has a number of explanations, among them: the effect of temperature fluctuations, due to which the rocky rock expands and shrinks, which leads to its minor displacement, a hypothesis about the existence of lei-lines, the jar of ice debris on the stone, which contribute to its movement, and Finite, the influence of otherworldly forces on a blue stone.

I would like to note that the tourist service of Pereslavl-Zalessky is at a decent level. The city has a lot of cafes, hotels, places to relax. The only thing that spoils the impression is the packs of stray dogs in the center of the city, which rushes on cyclists and motorcyclists.

Subject of the federation	Yaroslavl region Yaroslavl region
City District	Pereslavl-Zalessky
Coordinates	56 ° 44'17 "p. sh. 38 ° 51'22 "in. d.
Mayor	Kosurnikov Denis Viktorovich
Based
Former names	Pereyaslavl, Pereyaslavl-Zalessky
Square
Center height
Population	↘ 40 028 people (2015)
Density	1779.02 people / km²
Ethnohoronim	pereslavtsy, Pereslavets
Timezone
Telephone code
Postcodes
Automotive code
OKATO code
OKTMO code	78 705 000 001
Official site

Pereslavl-Zalessky - the city (from 1152) of regional subordination (urban district) in the Yaroslavl region, the administrative center of the Pereslavsky district, which is not included. Population - 40,028 people. (2015).

The city is located 140 kilometers from Moscow, on the highway M8 "Kholmogory" Moscow - Arkhangelsk, on the banks of the Lake Plescheev, at the place of the river in it. Center of the National Park "Plescheyevo Lake". The kilometer sign "140 km" is located in the city center on the turn from the street of freedom to Rostov Street. The final railway station on the cargo branch from Berendevo (line Moscow - Yaroslavl).

The city is included in the Golden Ring of Russia. In 2009, the city was attended by 292.6 thousand people, 91% of whom came on the excursion. At the same time, 2% of tourists (5.8 thousand people) amounted to foreigners.

Source: Wikipedia

Trees of the city of Plischina
Trees of the city of Plischina
Xin-stone
Xin-stone
Transfiguration Cathedral
Transfiguration Cathedral
Transfiguration Cathedral
Transfiguration Cathedral
Nikitsky monastery
Nikitsky monastery
Nikitsky monastery
Nikitsky monastery
Nikitsky monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Assumption Gorithsky Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Theodore monastery
Theodore monastery
Theodore monastery
Theodore monastery
Theodore monastery
Theodore monastery
Theodore monastery
Varvarin Rodnik
Varvarin Rodnik
Church of Alexander Nevsky
Vladimir Cathedral and Church of Alexander Nevsky
Museum-manor "Petra I Botik"
Museum-manor "Petra I Botik"
Museum-manor "Petra I Botik"
Museum-manor "Petra I Botik"
Museum-manor "Petra I Botik"
Museum-manor "Petra I Botik"
Museum-manor "Petra I Botik"
Museum-manor "Petra I Botik"
Church of forty martyrs
Church of forty martyrs
Church of forty martyrs
Church of forty martyrs
Znamenskaya church
Znamenskaya church
Museum of Iron
Museum of Iron
Museum of Alexander Nevsky
Museum of Alexander Nevsky
Teapot Museum
Teapot Museum
Introduction Museum and Smekalki
Introduction Museum and Smekalki
Museum of Radio
Museum of Radio
Museum of gramophones and records
Museum of vintage sewing machines
Museum of vintage sewing machines

Pereslavl-Zalessky is one of the most ancient cities in the center of Russia, which is part of the Yaroslavl region. The history of the city is very interesting, it has many significant events. He keeps the memory of many famous personalities, state and religious leaders and important milestones of the formation of the Russian state. Located in a very picturesque area, the city is an architectural monument. This is one of the few places where a lot of the oldest samples of Russian architecture remained to our time.
Pereslavl enters the famous tourist route "Golden Ring of Russia", and is rightfully considered his pearl.

Location

Pereslavl-Zalessky is in the middle of the way from Moscow to Yaroslavl. Small in the area, the city has an elongated shape and takes a lot of kilometers along the Yaroslavl road.

The place in which Pereslavl-Zalessky is unconventional for Central Russia is located. The city was founded on the banks of a large lake at the mouth of the river Truzh, in the vicinity there are two mountain ridges. Thick mixed forests alternate with open areas.

Trucus divides the city into two approximately the same parts. The southern part of the populated is less, there is a private sector here, there are many new buildings in the northern part.

Natural conditions

The Zalessky region is a protected area. It uniquely combines vegetation inherent in both the northern forests and southern taiga terrain.

The unconditional pearl of the lodge is Plescheyevo Lake. This amazing reservoir has ice origins, its age has more than 30,000 years.

Plenechevo Lake National Park attracts lovers of hiking along the picturesque terrain, fishermen and fans of active recreation. Here you can swim, ride a boat, to do windsurfing.

One of the objects of tourists' attention is a blue stone, which is a voon of huge sizes of grayish blue. According to beliefs, this stone has magical properties.

In the dandrological garden, thousands of plant species from different parts of the globe are assembled.

History of the city

The first settlements in these places appeared before our era. Their traces near Lake Plescheyev and on the coast of the River Truzh. At the beginning of the new era, an ancient tribe of Merey lived on the site of the current Pereslavsky-Zalessky, representing the Finno-Ugric Language Group. The mysterious blue stone is related to the sanctuary of this nation, with which the mass of legends is associated.

The beauty of the local nature and the wealth of the terrain attracted here and Slavic tribes. The first on the shores of Lakes were settled curvacious and Slovenia.

Over time, a city called Pleasters appeared on a hill near the lake, in the place of which Pereslavl was built.

The foundation date of the city is considered to be 1152. The chronicles argue that this year Prince Yuri Dolgoruky ordered a fortress for defense from numerous enemies here. Reliable strong structure was surrounded by earthen shafts with a height of about 15 meters. Inside the prince commanded the temple from the white stone, called the name of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky. In those times, the temples performed as centers of the princely power.
According to legends, the created city was named Pereyaslavl new, in honor of the native city of Prince Dolgoruky Pereyaslavl South. Over time, one letter from the title fell. The definition of "Zalessky" appeared due to the geographical location of the city from the phrase "behind the forest".

Flaw period

The Pereslavsky Principality reached his heyday in the XII century, when the prince of Vsevolod had come to power, and then his son Yaroslav. The city turned into one of the cultural centers of Russia. At the princely yard, people were served with a good education, the chronicle was created here, the iconography, architecture, wood carving, was created.

From the beginning of the XIII century, Pereslavl-Zalessky acts as the center of the specific principality. At this time, the brazers of the board are moving toward the son of Yaroslav, the famous commander Alexander Nevsky, who ruled the city of 23 years.

Pereslavl is considered to be Motherland Alexander. Many memorable places here are associated with his name. On Red Square stood the princes of the chamber, where the future commander was born, he was baptized in the Savior Preobrazhensky Cathedral, the Borisoglebsky Monastery, founded by the prince, is located on Alexander Mount. The city has a monument to Alexander Nevsky and the Church, built in his honor.

The Pereslavsky squad, headed by the prince, was successfully fought during the Nevsky battle and Ice Bullings.

At the end of the XIII century, Pereslavl-Zalessky was repeatedly subjected to attacks of Tatar-Mongols and was significantly ruined.

Since the heirs did not leave the last ruling prince, in 1302, the Pereslav Principality became part of the Moscow state.

The Board of Ivan Grozny

Ivan IV (Grozny) showed considerable interest to Pereslavsky Prince. Pereslavl could play an important defensive role, in connection with which a fortified Nikitsky monastery was built here. There is an assumption that the Master from the Caucasus, who fell into Moscow, together with the wife of Ivan the Terry Tamryukovna, took part in the fortress.

At the initiative of King Ivan the Terrible in 1564, the fortress walls, towers and the cathedral of the ancient Pereslavsky monastery are rebuilt - the Nikitsky Monastery. In honor of the birth of the royal son of Fyodor in the Fedorovsky monastery, the Cathedral of Fyodor Pratilate is laid. 7 kilometers from the city on the site of the birth of the son of Ivan the Terrible from 1557. It is chapel "Cross".

Pereslavl-Zalessky gradually became a trade and craft center. He repeatedly received visits to the Great Moscow Princes and Kings. In the city, there were five monasteries where they came to the Bogomol. Monasteries are preserved to the present day. The kings were also attracted here and hunting grounds.

Oddly enough, a real fame of the city brought freshwater herring, the so-called ripper. She even became an element of the city coat of arms. This fish was supplied to the royal table, she was assigned an important role in feasts. It was believed that in this way there was a voluntary entry of the Pereslavsky principality into the Moscow state, which marked the beginning of the unification of Russian lands.

Time of Troubles

At the end of the XVI - early XVII centuries, Pereslavl-Zalessky, as well as many Russian cities, seriously suffered from the Polish invaders. At first, the citizens supported Lhadmitry, became on his side. But soon the riot flashed, which was suppressed by Fisovsky's detachments. The city was almost completely destroyed.

After the liberation of the city, the Pereslavsky squad participated in the liberation from the Polish troops of Moscow.

Board of Peter I.

Pereslavl-Zalessky can be called one of the "Rodin of the Russian Fleet". It was on the Plescheyev Lake at the end of the XVII century a young king Peter began the construction of "fun flotilla". To create this miniature squadron, workshops from all over the country were collected. And although this flotilla initially performed, as one of the fun of the king, she, of course, played a significant role in the further development of the Russian Fleet. From 1688 to 1692. More than 100 ships are lowered on the water, among which there were several large frigates.

Pereslavl is called the birthplace of the Russian fleet, and Plescheyevo Lake is his cradle.

To this day, one surviving boot came with the symbolic name "Fortune". It is exposed to the museum in three kilometers south of the city, on the banks of Lake Plescheyev in the place where the shipyard was once located. Nearby is a monument to Peter I.

Further development

The next centuries did not bring the city of special fame.

From the beginning of the XVIII century, Pereslavl-Zalessky turns into an ordinary county city of the Moscow province, and at the end of the century, Vladimir has deployed. Suspension of development is due to the lack of direct rail. In view of the relief features, the railway was held in 23 km from the city. Probably the value of the re-searchable and its dimensions at that time were not considered particularly substantial. To connect the city with a chain of railways, it was necessary to pave a hook, but this did not make it.

However, the absence in the Pereslavl of this type of transport also brought some advantages. The historical and architectural appearance of the city is well preserved. Not only the buildings reached us, Pereslavl - the only place where the ring city shaft completely survived. Now it serves as a place for walking, from where you can admire the beautiful panoramic views.

The unique nature of the land of the mowing, its monuments of architecture and history attracted many figures of culture and art: M. Svtain, N. Ostrovsky, M. Gorky, F. Shalyapina, D. Kardovsky, O. Della-Best-Kardovskaya, Korovina and V. Serov .

Modernity

Now Pereslavl-Zalessky is the third largest city of Yaroslavl region. His population is more than 23 thousand people. The development of the city is determined by the scientific, industrial and tourist spheres. Here is the Academic Institute of Software Systems and University.

The Pereslavl-Zalessky industry is presented mainly by chemical and textile enterprises.

In the first half of the last century, the first film in the Soviet Union was started here in the Soviet Union. Subsequently, on its basis, Slavich was created, which currently specializes in the release of photographs, film and magnetic tapes.

Of particular interest is the products produced by the "New World" embroidery factory. Here, traditional Russian patterns are skillfully applied to any fabric texture.

During the Soviet Union, Pereslavl was included in the most interesting tourist route "Golden Ring of Russia". Currently, this ancient city takes about 200,000 tourists a year.

Of particular interest is the unusual architecture of Pereslavl-Zalessky. Modern high buildings here are harmoniously getting along with ancient buildings, churches and monasteries. And although many of the long-standing buildings cannot be attributed to the masterpieces of architecture, they all are somehow related to certain events in Russia's history and are considerable interest from this point of view.

Religious monuments

During the Moscow kingdom, Pereslavl-Zalessky held the position of the religious center of the Russian state, only the capital was inferior to him. This period in the history of the city is associated with the names of Sergius of Radonezh, Metropolitan Peter and Pimen, Dmitry Prilutsky and many other religious devotees.

In the city of Goritsky Monastery, during the Mongol-Tatar invasion, the prince of Dmitry Donskoy Evdokia with a small son in his arms was escaped during the Mongol-Tatar invasion. The monastery was destroyed by Tatars, and later restored to the donations of Evdokia.

At the Bogomol, Tsary Ivan Grozny and Vasily III came to the monasteries of Pereslavl. They made large contributions to the development and strengthening of such famous abode as Trinity, Danilov and Nikitsky Monastery.

In the temples and monasteries of Pereslavl, the lives of many religious figures were held, who subsequently the Orthodox Church were ranked saints.

Holy sources

In the vicinity of Pereslavl there are several underground keys. Water beating from these sources is considered holy. Believers sincerely worship her, calling healing.

Many legends and historical events are associated with springs.

In a small chapel, on the shore of the lake, you can see the source of the Holy Barbara, which received its name after the Icon of this holy rural oborudy.

Interesting the history of Spring Gremyach. According to legend, there was no time in big oak. In the place where the discharge went underground, scored a key that does not freeze in frosts, and in the summer heat is protected from the scoring rays with thick vegetation. Because of the small content in the water of iron oxide, the key itself, its shores and the aqueous flora have a reddish color.

Especially revered by religious people the source called in honor of Nikita Pereslavsky. According to legends, he dug himself sacred. The source is surrounded by a small picturesque chapel and is equipped with a bath. It is believed that I am playing in its waters, you can heal from any disease.

Legends of the Cheauce City

The collection of submitted household items covers the period in several centuries. Here you can see dishes of various applications, samovars, tea boxes, desktop scales, advertising signs. The most special pride of the museum is the largest collection of irons of various shapes and sizes. Their number has about 170 specimens.

Previously, this exposition had the name "Craft Museum". Here are presented original tools that used Pereslavsky artisans, as well as goods produced by them: furniture and utensils.

Museum of Vaza

In the former Bark estate there is a large number of VAZ, charters, jugs and a crock created by skillful masters of past centuries. The museum you can buy souvenirs, as well as get a master class on artistic painting dishes.

Berendai House

The museum contributes to the preservation of national Russian traditions and crafts.

Here you can purchase original souvenirs made by craftsmen literally in your eyes, and try our hand in painting during daily workshops.

The house regularly conducts folklore programs during which visitors may videly have fun at the Fairy Berendeva Polyana, where guests are met by the legendary king. Here you can mark the carnival, the holiday "Red Hill" and "Overweight rite".

Museum of steam locomotives

The only one of its kind museum of railways in Russia. It is a railway branch of the former narrow scene, which emerges on the beautiful Polyana in the middle of the Lake Bludov. In several depots and on the ways there is an exhibition of locomotives, cars, drowsins and other techniques. Wishing to be given the opportunity to ride on the locomotive or Dresin.

The collection of the museum makes up more than one hundred copies of all sorts of teapots from various materials. Most of them dates back to the last century. Candidage boxes, sugar bowls, spoons are exhibited here, other items associated with tea traditions of Russia.

Museum of money

In a private collection, monetary signs are presented since the ancient Greek coins and ending with the securities of the last century. The exposition also includes a selection of awards of Russia and European countries, dear porcelain and vintage toys.

Museum "Birth of a fairy tale" or the thirtieth kingdom

The territory of the museum is stylized under ancient Russian town. The entrance to it is blocking a massive gate with wooden towers. In the royal terme, the host himself and his daughter Vasilisa are met. Here you can take part in the entertainment programs, to cut down on the playground, but most importantly - the city of the museum is filled with characters of famous fairy tales and legends. Children are waiting for Baba Yaga in their hut, delicate, water, houses and kimikors.

Sights:

The Kremlin, surrounded by the excavation trees that came to this day was the center of the city founded in 1152.
There are several temples and churches and Red Square on the territory of the modern Kremlin.

The one-eyed cathedral from the white stone was laid in the XII century by order of Yuri Dolgoruky. The temple is one of the most ancient architectural structures of the country. Currently, it is located in the territory of the Pereslavsky Kremlin and is a branch of the Museum-Reserve. Access inside the cathedral is limited.

Red Square

The central Square of Pereslavl-Zalessky, the place from which the construction of the city began. It is located on the territory of the Kremlin and is one of the favorite places for walking towns.

One of the most famous monasteries. The construction of the XVII and XVIII V.V. On the territory of the monastery is a beautiful temple of the Assumption of the Virgin. Its main difference is a luxurious iconostasis consisting of several tiers.

The manor belongs to the oldest museums of Russia. It is located on Lake Plescheev, in the very place where the "fun flotilla" of Tsar Peter was born. The estate ensemble consists of a white palace, a botal house and a triumphant gate. Here the surviving Botik "Fortune" and the monument to Peter himself is kept.

His emergence belongs to the XII century. The monastery was founded on the orders of Prince Boris Vladimirovich. The prince wanted to be the locals, who revered the pagan gods, were addressed to Christianity. For its centuries-old history, the Nikitsky Monastery was more than once, the last ruin was comprehended by him in the past century. Nowadays, the entire monastery complex is fully restored.

Nikolsky monastery

The Svyato-Nikolsky women's monastery was founded in the 1350th year by Dmitry Prilutsky. For many years, it was repeatedly destroyed, currently rebuilt. The main shrine of the monastery is the Korsunsky cross, brought here in the XVII century. Next to him is the Smolensk-Cornilievsky Church, the only building that survived the monastery of Boris and Gleb.

The legendary boulder of huge sizes lies on the shores of the Lake Plescheevsky. He received the name thanks to a kind of bluish gray shade. Xin-stone from ancient times is considered miraculous. Currently, the stone block gradually deepens to the coastal soil.

The Klegshinsky complex, spread on the shores of Lake Plescheyev, has the status of an archaeological monument. In ancient times, the settlements of the Merry population were located here, and then Slavic tribes. The legendary blue stone, which is here, performed by the symbol of their religious worship. For a long time, the center of this edge served a city called Plears, on the site of which the Pereslavl-Zalesky was subsequently laid. One of the objects of the complex is Alexandrov Mountain, which in antiquity was called Yarilina Shi. From the top of the mountain, a breathtaking view of the Plescheyevo Lake and the panorama of the city opens.

The city of Pereslavl-Zalessky has a great attractive force as an ancient cultural and architectural monument: he is the peer of Moscow (founded in 1152), and now one of the most interesting centers of the Yaroslavl region. Not only architectural masterpieces give reason to include it in the "Golden Ring" of the old Russian cities. Many events of Russian history occurred in the walls and on Earth of this ancient city.

V. Berdnikov

Pereslavl-Zalessky. Only the name of this ancient provincial town simultaneously and fascinates, and manit. It seems to be invited to the fascinating old Russian fairy tale, which lives among our time. The history of the Zalessky Territory originated somewhere far away in the depths of centuries. The initial stages of it is the waste of the last glacier, the appearance of taiga forests and rivers with their various inhabitants, and, as a result of the previous one, is the arrival of the first people. The largest parking lot from a variety of oldest settlements in Neolithic era was located on the eastern shore of the lake near the river's mouth, called the subsequently. In the present days, this place is known as the Pereslavsky Fish Sloboda. She represents the oldest part of the city, the corner-loved by artists on the river, with the water-reflective wrappers and vintage wooden hollows on the shores. Another independent parking of the ancient inhabitants of the region was on the so-called big sandsturice - on the shore of the same river, about where it is now located True Street. This is evidenced by the finds, including the shards of dishes with ornaments and in a large number of animal bones.

The hilly northeastern shore of the Lake Zallese, named in antiquity of Pleeshno, was still attractive for people. According to archaeological studies, in the Issue of our era, this shore was settled by the Finno-Ugric tribe of the measure. In the IX-centuries, during the influx of the population from the south to the Northeast of Russia, the Slavs came in search of fertile places from the Novgorod and Pridneprovskaya lands. In the northeast coast of the lake, they founded the settlement, giving him the name of Plogs. Certificates of those times have been preserved to this day, and it is they who today are one of the popular tourist routes. This is a loved by the guests of the city and Pereslavl northeast coast of Lake Plescheyev, where the Ploggy complex is located. In its composition - the remains of the ancient Slavic town, the mounded burial ground, Alexandrova Mount, the formerly pagan chapter, and the legendary blue stone, which was worshiped by once former and Slavs.

Information from the chronicles say that in 1152, one of the younger sons of Vladimir Monomaha Yuri Dolgoruky suffered the city "izh in the White Plogging" on the intersection of important trading paths near the mouth of the river and "... Laying Grad is great and the church of the Saint Savior ...". The landing town that has emerged, "releasing the glory" of the surrounding cities, was called Pereyaslavl new. This is a proud name, according to the observation of the historian M.I. Smirnova, sounds like "... combat and completely affected by the favorite princely and twin-name names: Yaroslav, Svyatoslav, Izyaslav ...". The town that emerged in the XII century in the north of Russia became the third in a row with a similar name - after Pereyaslavli Kiev (993) and Ryazan (1095). And only in the twentieth century, Pereyaslavl, located from Kiev "For Brynskaya Forests," was finally established by the more well-known name of the city - Pereslavl-Zalessky.

This is a beautiful vintage city with an unusually interesting, eventful history. Its picturesque corners keep the memory of many well-known politicians and important historical facts. The XIII century was especially bright in the history of Pereslavl, when the city was the capital of an extensive specific princess, and, together with this, the large cultural and political center of the North-East Rus. In those years, in the city there was a self-known chief, known today called "Chronicler Pereslavl Suzdalsky". At the same century, in May 1220, the famous Russian commander Alexander Yaroslavovich, called Nevsky, was born here. At one time he restored Pereslavl after another ruin of Tatars and laid the monastery on Alexander Mount. The holy burgher prince Alexander Nevsky is especially revered in his homeland, he is among the seven Pereslavl saints.

Pereslavl is one of the few Russian cities where you can see the Earthy Fortress of the XII century, once surrounded by Posad. The monument of the serfs of early pores exists more than eight and a half centuries and is perfectly preserved to the present day. Today, the ancient Pereslavl shafts is an excellent place for walking, from here there is a magnificent panorama of the old city.

The terrain studies have shown that the inner area of \u200b\u200bthe city in the first centuries of its existence was about 500 meters wide and 700 - long. Earth walls with a circle of more than 2.5 km have once reached and impressive heights - up to 16 meters. The Pereslavl fortress from the outer sides of the rivers - Trubusus, Murmash and an artificial reservoir - deep ditch with pondery strokes around the edges. A shaft comb in the old days was crowned with wooden chopped walls with towers. They were repeatedly burned during the princely interdiscructures or raids of the Tatars, but then restored. However, in the XVIII century, wooden walls were disassembled finally "for dilapidation and as unnecessary."

On the Red Square of Pereslavl in a complex with an old bulk shaft is a small one-eyed stone temple - the Savior Preobrazhensky Cathedral, laid down by Yuri Dolgoruky in 1152 for the needs of the Princely Court and the Garrison of the Fortress. It is one of the oldest architectural monuments of the Vladimir-Suzdal School of Architecture. The construction of this temple was carried out for five years and was completed, according to many historians, the son of the founder of the city Andrei Bogolyubsky. White spa, made in the Byzantine style, is traditional for the middle of the XII century, a cross-free four-pole church. Its image is simple, and the bump finish, only the drum of the dome and the eaves of altar apse are decorated with arched belts. Despite the very turbulent for many centuries, the time almost did not impose a print on the appearance of the old Pereslavl temple. However, now in the ancient walls of the Savior-Preobrazhensky Cathedral there is no previous spreeful internal filling that once impressed the ancestors. Many invaluable items of ancient Russian art are church utensils, icons, books - without a trace disappeared during numerous ruins and fires. It turned out to be lost and initial fresco painting of the second half of the XII century. A miracle survived to this day decorated with ornaments Silver Potiped XII century, according to legend, donated by the Pereslavsky Cathedral Yuri Dolgoruk. Today, this unique monument of decorative and applied art can be seen in the Armory of the Moscow Kremlin. To date, the temple icon "Transfiguration" of the XIV century has been preserved, attributed to the workshop of Feofan Greek. Icon from the 1920s is located in Moscow, being one of the famous exhibits of the Tretyakov Gallery. The marble altar barrier installed in the temple belongs to the XIH century. Formerly, an ancient one-eyed cathedral was not only the main temple of the city, but also the tomb of the Pereslavl specific princes. Son and grandson of Prince Alexander Nevsky - Dmitry Alexandrovich and Ivan Dmitrievich are buried in it. Like his father, Dmitry Alexandrovich, showed himself an outstanding commander of his time. And Ivan Dmitrievich, not having direct heirs, before his death in 1302, bequeathed Pereslavl to the Moscow allies - his uncle Daniel Alexandrovich. This circumstance played an important role in the further formation of Moscow as the capital of Russia. A tradition appeared as a sign of voluntary joining, a tradition appeared - to submit to the royal table with the coronation of the heir to the Moscow throne, smoked Pereslavl herring - Ryaskushka, which since sincerversion is found in Lake Plescheyev.

During the Moscow period, the Zalessky city was actually the second religious capital of the Russian state. The names of many famous church figures and saints are associated with Pereslavlem, including Sergius Radonezh, Dmitry Prilutsky, Metropolitan Pimen, Athanasius, Peter and others.

With Pereslavl, the fate of the wife of the Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy Evdokia, saved with the baby in the Zalessky city from the persecution of Khan Tokhtamysh, was closely intertwined. Later on her donations were restored by Tatars, the Goritsky Monastery and built on the banks of the pipe a new wooden church of John the Bogoslov.

Repeatedly at Bogomol in Pereslavl were Vasily III and Ivan Grozny, making rich deposits in Nikitsky, Trinity Danilov and the Goritsky monasteries. With Ivan IV Alexandrova, Sloboda Pereslavsky County became the center of Okrichnina, in which the rearrangets of Maluta Skuratov, Alexey and Fyodor Basmanov played a prominent role.

The preserved documents clearly indicate that in the XVI century, many merchants and artisans lived in Pereslavl. Among the latter were shoemakers, flags, nails. The fish catchers and Sokoli, which served the princely courtyard and liberated from ordinary city duties were held special place.

His bright trail in the history of the city was left and an energetic "tsar-carpenter, a king worker" Peter I, building a funny fleet on the shores in the late XVII century, than the walled Russian shipbuilding. The historical museum-manor with the affectionate name "Petra First Botik", where Peter's business yard was once located, today it is of great interest among Russians and foreign guests who want to see the cradle of the Russian fleet - oval Pereslavl Lake - and Petrovsky Bot "Fortuna", What is kept in the Museum on Mount Gremyach.

The most popular attractions today is the largest provincial historical and architectural and artistic museum-reserve, located in the walls of the former mountainous monastery. This old abode of almost fifty years since 1744 was the center of the extensive diocese, including Mozhaisk, Dmitrov, Volokolamsk, Ruse and other ancient Russian cities. Today, many unique monuments of antiquities and art are kept in Goritsy, including church utensils, painting, furniture, household items, etc.

During the existence of the Pereslavl diocese in the city there were more than six thousand inhabitants. But after the plague of 1771, it remained from this number

only half of the townspeople. The basis of Posada was the merchants, which, according to 1776, belonged 61 shops and 6 Harcheven, where the bolkaya trade was typical for that time with goods: clothes, cloth, "trifle for ordinary and peasantry", as well as food - "livery and indigenous food" , nuts, gingerbread, sugar, flour, apples and grape drinks.

Staying the large spiritual center of Russia with many temples, the famous Pereslavl-Zalessky from the XVIII century "quietly overtakes on the laurels of his past." At first, he was the center of the province of Moscow province, and since 1778 he was the county city of Vladimir province. However, even then Pereslavl was considered one of the first trafficking and industry among the same county cities of Central Russia. In the second half of the nineteenth century, six linen factories were functioning, coaling and sausage institutions, thirteen plants, including fur, tobacco and candle. The largest in the city was the Borisov paper-grade factory, which employs more than two thousand people.

But gradually the economy of the Zalessky city descended, and from the once developed Posad Pereslavl turned into a quiet county town. The reason for the reason, many tend to consider the absence in the city of the railway. She passed only 18 versts from Pereslavl, as a result of which he was deprived of economic growth opportunities for many years.

Today, Pereslavl-Zalessky enters the famous Turmarshrurt "Golden Ring of Russia" and, despite the fact that many urban temples were lost in Soviet years, Pereslavl is still one of the centers of Russian Orthodoxy.

Currently, Pereslavl is a district center of the Yaroslavl region with a population of about 42 thousand people. It is a cozy, clean and attractive Russian corner with beautiful landscapes, ancient Orthodox shrines and old houses on the central streets. Not once from the local nature and rich history fruitfully painted inspiration people art. Pereslavl land captured writers N.A. writers Ostrovsky and M.M. Svtain, artist K. Korovin, D. N. Kardovsky and many others.

The famous Zamalsky region is a protected area. His lake Plescheevo Nowadays, has more than 6.5 km x 9.5 km and is one of the largest Lakes of the Upper Volga region, as well as the center of the National Park of the National Park.

On urban outdoors, Peretoletsy bake delicious bread and make cheese, produce photographic and diverse packaging. Local school graduates have the opportunity, without leaving the city, continue their studies at the film film photography college, which is given the name "Alexander Nevsky" or University of Pereslavl with the main directions of "Applied Mathematics" and "Informatics".

Local residents who are accustomed to a measured rhythm of life, in their free time love to relax on the lap of nature, enjoying the lake or river cool, ride in winter with steep snow-covered hills on skis and sledding.

Very often, on weekends, the picturesque Pereslavsky region is filled with resting from near and distant cities, many of which are far from whom in the Zalessky city. Most of the visits seek first to visit Orthodox monasteries in one or all four - and visit local holy sources.

Pereslavl guests always look forward to comfortable hotels, restaurants with original kitchens and numerous museums with a variety of collections of irons, teapots, steam locomotives and peasant utensils.

But especially the reverens and guests of the city love traditional - Christmas in the museum, city day, wide carnival, youth day, aerial plane festival and navy day. Holidays are always perfectly organized - with a unique highlight and love for their native land.

One day, arriving in the lodge, you will not be able to stay indifferent to this amazing edge. The little ancient city of Pereslavl-Zalessky will surely leave a pleasant memories of himself, forcing you to return here again and again.

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