What not to do when there is a spiral. Insertion and removal of the intrauterine device

The intrauterine device is a modern and reliable method of contraception for women who have given birth. The IUD Pearl Index is only 1-3, which means that a maximum of three women out of a hundred get an unwanted pregnancy in this situation. This is not so small, and no one wants to add to the failure statistic, but this figure is much less than when using condoms or spermicides. The introduction of a hormonal spiral reduces the risks by another three times, and the Pearl index for the system is less than 0.5.

After the introduction of the spiral, the woman wants to lead her usual lifestyle, including playing sports, dancing and doing complex yoga asanas. The intimate sphere should not suffer either, because otherwise the use of a contraceptive simply does not make sense. What restrictions exist after the introduction and what should not be done if there is a foreign body in the uterine cavity?

Sports, fitness, yoga

A modern lady is able not only to stop a galloping horse, but to climb on it and make several circles around the arena. Equestrian sports and cycling, training in the gym and stretching on the mat - all this has become part of our daily lives. A healthy woman can afford to engage in any sport. But what changes if there is a spiral in the uterus?

Gynecologists say: there will be no significant changes in a woman's life. Some restrictions are imposed only in the first month of using the IUD. The spiral should be conveniently located in the cavity of the genital organ, the mucous membranes of the genital tract, slightly injured during the introduction of a contraceptive, should heal. One or two weeks is enough for the system to comfortably fit in the uterus, but it is worth waiting for the first menstruation and a follow-up examination by a doctor. If everything is fine and there are no complications, a woman can practice almost any sport without significant restrictions.

Note: if we are talking about serious strength training or regular weight lifting, it would be useful to additionally consult with a gynecologist.

The spiral is inserted into the uterine cavity for 3 or 5 years, and all this time a woman can do yoga or gymnastics, walk in Gym ride a bike or take up other sports. It is only recommended to take a break during your period, and there are good reasons for this:

• With the advent of menstruation, the cervix opens slightly, and it is at this time that the spiral may fall out. Additional loads during this period increase the likelihood of the IUD falling out. If the spiral partially or completely leaves the uterus, its contraceptive effect will stop, which will lead to the onset.
• and other non-hormonal coils increase the amount of blood loss during menstruation. Physical exercise, especially those that create blood flow to the pelvic organs, also contribute to blood loss. It is unlikely that serious bleeding will come, however, some discomfort and frequent change of pads are provided.
• On critical days, a woman's body is not set up for serious stress, and it is worth giving it a rest.

In summary: you can play sports with a spiral, but you should follow the measure, be careful and take a break on critical days.

Pool, water aerobics and water games

The intrauterine device does not interfere with swimming in the pool, exercising water sports sport or swim in the salty waters of the Adriatic Sea. Restrictions are imposed only on critical days. During menstruation, special care should be taken. During this period, the cervix remains slightly open, and favorable conditions for infection to enter. The presence of an intrauterine device increases the possible risks, so it is better to refrain from water procedures on critical days.

Note: you can take a bath with an intrauterine device, but not during menstruation.

Sauna, bath, steam room

A properly installed intrauterine device is not an obstacle to visiting a sauna or bath. Of course, you need to comply with the measure and not bathe during critical days. With the onset of menstruation, the risk of falling out of the spiral increases slightly, and the likelihood of infection in the uterus also increases. It is better to visit a bath or sauna after the complete completion of bleeding - approximately on the 6-9th day and then until the end of the cycle.

Another danger that awaits a woman in the sauna is the increase in monthly secretions. Warming up the pelvic organs leads to the activation of blood flow in them, which contributes to an increase in the volume of menstruation. You should not risk your health and bathe during menstruation, and even more so you should be careful when an intrauterine device is installed.

Tampons, suppositories and other vaginal products

An IUD is a T-shaped or rounded device inserted into the uterine cavity. Only the antennae protrude into the vagina, and they are so thin that they are practically not felt by the woman. There is still enough space in the genital tract to fit a tampon or suppository with a drug.

It is not recommended to use tampons only in the first month after the introduction. At this time, the uterus and genital tract of a woman must adapt to a foreign body, microtrauma of the mucosa must heal. After 2-3 weeks, it is allowed to use tampons. Insert candles with therapeutic purpose you can immediately after installing the spiral, but only as directed by a doctor.

intimacy

The intrauterine device (provided that it is correctly installed) does not interfere with intimacy. With a spiral, you can have sex in any position. The contraceptive is securely fixed in the uterus, and it almost cannot fall out. If this does happen, you need to see a doctor to introduce a new spiral or select other methods of contraception.

It is recommended to have sex no earlier than after 7 days. This time is required for the mucous membrane of the genital tract to heal, for a woman to adapt to a new contraceptive. After removing the spiral, it is also worth waiting a week before engaging in intimacy. It is important to remember that even the most expensive and modern spiral is not able to protect sexually transmitted infections and replace the conventional condom in this regard.

The intrauterine device is one of the most reliable contraceptives. This method of contraception involves the introduction of a special device into the uterine cavity. Until the term of the spiral has expired, the woman will not be able to get pregnant. But what to expect if the need for protection has already disappeared and the woman removed the spiral. How quickly the patient will be able to conceive, whether the onset of pregnancy after the spiral will be problematic - these questions concern every woman.

The smell of a newborn for a mother is better than the most expensive perfume

The intrauterine device is a foreign object that prevents the ovum from attaching to the uterine wall during implantation. In fact, the spiral does not prevent sperm from entering the cell and fertilizing it, although the manufacturers and creators of this contraceptive claim the opposite. Nevertheless, the main purpose of the IUD is to prevent the attachment of a fertilized egg to the uterine endometrium.

A similar effect is due to the inflammatory effect of the device on the uterine endometrium, as a result of which the egg does not receive the necessary amount of the necessary nutrition, and the endometrial layer itself does not grow to the desired thickness. Together, these factors prevent the onset of pregnancy, and the fertilized cell leaves the uterus along with menstrual flow. In other words, such intrauterine contraceptives constantly cause spontaneous miscarriages. That is why it is impossible to confidently say that getting pregnant after removing the spiral will turn out without problems.

The use of an intrauterine device is undoubtedly convenient, but only on condition that the device is installed by an experienced and qualified gynecologist. In addition, it is necessary to select the IUD individually for each patient. If the spiral is chosen incorrectly or the technique is violated during the introduction, then there is a risk of developing intrauterine inflammation during the stay of the IUD inside the uterine cavity. To avoid such complications, it is necessary to strictly comply with the requirements and take into account contraindications for wearing a spiral, which include:

• All kinds of inflammatory lesions of the reproductive organs;
• Neoplasms of a different nature;
• Malformations of uterine development of a congenital nature;
• Pathologies that spread through sexual contact;
• The presence of allergic intolerance to copper or its alloys;
• Bleeding from the uterus of unknown etiology;
• Polyps or myoma formations;
• Too young age, because girlish reproductive system has not yet formed completely, and the installation of the spiral can lead to irreversible intrauterine abnormalities.

In addition, experts recommend using intrauterine devices for women who have already given birth. Why? It's just that the IUD slightly opens the cervical canal, which increases the risk of penetration of sexually transmitted infectious processes. Against the background of such pathologies, it can be quite difficult to become pregnant after removing the spiral. Therefore, doctors warn patients that it is advisable to use such a means of protection only for those who have only one sexual partner.

Varieties of the Navy

Any contraceptives are selected by the doctor on an individual basis.

There are many varieties of intrauterine contraceptives, however, only a few of them are particularly popular. For example, a T-shaped device with hormonal components. Such a spiral has flexible tips and a ring for easy extraction. Inside the rod there is a special container containing a hormonal preparation. Every day, in microdoses, it is released into the uterus, creating additional protection against sperm. Typically, such a spiral is set for a 5-year period.

IUDs with a silver component are also quite popular. Doctors say that they work up to 7 years and are 98% effective, and the impurities provide an additional anti-inflammatory effect. Intrauterine contraceptives can have quite a variety of forms: loop, s-shaped, ring-shaped, in the form of an umbrella, etc.

Dangerous consequences with the IUD

Usually, intrauterine contraception is tolerated by patients quite easily, but in rare cases, certain complications may occur, such as rejection of the device, severe bleeding, or pain. In general, complications associated with the IUD are conditionally divided into those associated with the installation of a contraceptive, with its use, or arising after withdrawal. Already with the introduction of the IUD, problems such as uterine perforation, cervical rupture, vasovagal reaction or bleeding, and inflammation may occur. But such complications are quite rare, usually against the background of unprofessionalism or low qualification of the doctor.

Somewhat more often, adverse reactions occur when a woman has already been living with an intrauterine contraceptive for a certain time. There is no specific data, after what time after the introduction complications develop. But in general, in the process of wearing a spiral, patients may experience side effects like:

• Heavy or prolonged bleeding. Usually, heavy and prolonged menstruation appears already with the first menstruation after installation. By the way, they are considered long if they last more than 8 days, and abundant if they are twice as strong. If within six months the abundance or duration of menstruation has not decreased, then this can lead to severe anemia, so it is recommended to remove the IUD.
• Sharp cramping pains in the lower abdomen. It is observed, as a rule, the first three months, especially in many nulliparous young patients using a copper IUD.
• The use of hormonal intrauterine contraceptives sometimes leads to amenorrhea, acyclic menstruation, intermenstrual spotting, etc.
• Also, against the background of the presence of hormonal substances in the IUD in the first 3 months, symptoms of the systemic action of progestin hormones such as acne, breast engorgement, attacks of migraine pain and nausea and vomiting, decreased libido, radiculitis-like pain in the back and excessive nervousness, psycho-emotional disorders up to depression. If after 3 months after the installation of the IUD, such symptoms do not disappear, then it is necessary to change the contraceptive method.

As for the adverse reactions that occur after the removal of the spiral, they occur in extremely rare cases and manifest themselves in the form of pelvic inflammation, acute infections, ectopic conception etc.

When, after removing the spiral, you can plan a pregnancy

When planning, it is very important to eat a balanced diet.

Is it possible to get pregnant after wearing a spiral? This question arose in due time before many women. Statistics show that almost all women, after removing the spiral, quickly conceived and safely carried the baby. If you follow all medical recommendations, then conception will occur without problems within 6-12 months after the withdrawal of the contraceptive. But many, having made a decision about pregnancy, want to conceive in the very near future, which is why the question arises of how to quickly get pregnant immediately after the removal of the spiral.

No specialist can unequivocally answer such a delicate question, because each case is individual. The rate of pregnancy depends on many different factors, such as the duration of wearing an intrauterine contraceptive, because a long stay of the IUD in the uterus does not have a very good effect on female reproduction. The spiral can provoke genital inflammatory processes, microtrauma of the uterine wall, and if the device contained a hormonal component, then its remnants enter the uterus, which also makes pregnancy difficult. Therefore, for each individual patient there are individual recommendations.

Reasons for the lack of conception

It also happens that after the removal of the spiral, patients cannot become pregnant for a long time, although they follow all medical recommendations. There could be many reasons for this. Firstly, hormonal disorders can provoke difficulties with conception. If the IUD contains hormonal components, then it can seriously change the hormonal background of a woman. If after six months it was not possible to conceive, then you need to donate blood for hormones.

Also, the reason why patients after the spiral do not become pregnant for a long time can be endometritis. Often, in the process of removing the spiral, the endometrium is traumatized, which subsequently ends with inflammatory processes. If they are not treated for a long time, then endometriosis develops, which, when the pathological process is neglected, leads to infertility.

Problems and difficulties

In some, after the removal of the IUD, microdamages occur on the uterine walls. What should a patient do in such a situation? With such injuries, the doctor prescribes specialized drugs that will help to quickly restore the damaged walls of the organ. If the patient ignores medical prescriptions and conception occurs immediately after the removal of the IUD, then the risks of spontaneous abortion increase. Although in obstetric practice there have been cases when patients became pregnant in the presence of an intrauterine contraceptive.

But it’s still better if the patient follows the doctor’s recommendations when you can get pregnant after the spiral, otherwise the consequences can be sad.

• It is necessary to start sexual relations not earlier than two weeks after the removal of the spiral. Why not before? It’s just that when the spiral is removed, the uterine mucosa is injured, and sexual intimacy can provoke bleeding or infection.
• After the removal of the IUD, which contains metal, attempts at conception can begin only after a 3-4-month period of time. If this requirement is violated and after the spiral is not protected, then conception can lead to miscarriage or not occur at all.
• If the hormonal coil was removed, then it will take at least six months for the final recovery. The IUD interferes with ovulation and thins the endometrial layer, so the body will need some period to recover.

According to statistics, patients successfully conceive in the first year. Although everyone's body is different, therefore, how long it takes to recover depends on individual characteristics. It happens that patients are regularly observed by a specialist for months, complaining that I cannot get pregnant. But there is no need to rush into such a decision, it is better to play it safe and wait for the reproductive system to fully recover.

Although doctors give optimistic forecasts regarding conception, in reality there are a lot of cases when a woman encounters difficulties and is looking for ways to get pregnant after removing the spiral. Most often, the presence of problems is explained by the lack of professionalism of the doctor, the poor-quality procedure for removing the spiral, or non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene and sexual rest in the first couple of weeks after the removal procedure.

How to speed up pregnancy

So, the woman was protected for a long time with the help of a spiral and decided on a child. After the removal of the IUD, she followed the doctor's recommendations, but she could not conceive. How high are the chances of pregnancy for a woman and how to safely accelerate the onset of such a desired event? Doctors recommend drinking a complex of vitamins that are useful for women to speed up the recovery of the body.

In addition, unhealthy habits must be abandoned. Cigarettes, alcohol only prevent the fertilization of the egg, so it is important for a woman to refuse them. You also need to pay due attention to weight, and not only full, but also too thin girls. A balanced diet and sports are recommended. It is necessary to avoid psycho-emotional experiences and unrest, to fully relax.

The intrauterine device (IUD) is a popular and reliable method of contraception. However, it has a service life, after which it should be removed. In some cases, the spiral has to be removed prematurely, for example, with the development of diseases, pain, discomfort and heavy bleeding. Removal of the intrauterine device can not be carried out independently - this can lead to a decrease blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmia, fainting. Therefore, the procedure should be carried out only by a doctor.

You can make an appointment for a quick, safe and painless coil removal with a gynecologist at our clinic. We will help you with both planned and early removal of the IUD.

Indications for coil removal

The main indication for the extraction of the intrauterine device is the expiration of its service life. The duration of use of the IUD depends on the manufacturer and the material from which the device is made. When installing the spiral, the doctor gives the patient a memo that indicates the time for its extraction or replacement. The average period of use of this device is 3-7 years. It is impossible to exceed the period indicated by the doctor, as this can lead to the ingrowth of the spiral into the endometrium, infertility and the development of inflammatory processes.

Reference! With a planned extraction of the spiral, you can immediately replace it.

However, in some cases, the IUD has to be removed ahead of schedule. This must be done in the following cases:

• At menopause (one year after the last menstruation).
• Pain and bleeding outside the period of menstruation.
• Acute infectious gynecological diseases - endometritis (inflammation of the internal mucous membrane of the uterus) and adnexitis (inflammation of the appendages).
• Planning pregnancy - when removing the spiral, the ability to fertilize is restored within one menstrual cycle.
• Displacement or loss of the spiral - if the IUD has moved, it cannot be returned to the correct position, since when the conductor is removed, it straightens out, and if it is moved, this is likely to cause pain, so it is necessary to remove it outside.
• Ingrown spiral into the wall of the uterus.

Reference! The IUD can cause ascending infection of the internal genital organs. Usually the cervix is ​​closed, so pathogens cannot enter the uterus from the vagina. However, since the tendrils of the helix remain outside the cervix, this makes it easier for microorganisms. When installing the IUD in compliance with all the rules of infection does not occur. However, if the doctor did not sanitize the vagina before inserting the helix or performed the procedure immediately after the inflammatory process suffered by the patient, this can cause the development of pathologies.

Also, the IUD is removed ahead of schedule with the development side effects and complications. Usually the body gets used to the spiral within a year. During this period, there may be pain during menstruation, an increase in the duration of menstruation or the amount of discharge. If after a year the picture does not change, it is necessary to be examined by a doctor. Also, regardless of the statute of limitations for the installation of the spiral, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist if there is too much bleeding during menstruation or increasing pain. They can cause early removal of the IUD.

Reference! The presence of an intrauterine device does not exclude pregnancy. If a woman wants to keep it, the decision to remove the IUD in this case should be made by the doctor. The spiral will not cause a violation of the development of the fetus, however, when it is removed, there is a risk of developing strong uterine contractions and spontaneous abortion.

Preparing to remove the IUD

Before the procedure, you must undergo the following studies:

• Bacteriological examination of the smear is necessary to identify inflammation in which the procedure can be performed, but the doctor will be especially careful.
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.

When the spiral grows into the wall of the uterus, it is also necessary:

• General / biochemical blood test.
• Blood tests for hepatitis, syphilis, HIV.

Removal of the intrauterine device can be carried out on any day of the cycle. However, it is best to do this in last days(3-5) menses when the cervical canal dilates naturally. This makes the process easier.

Reference! If the spiral is the cause of the development of infectious diseases in the internal genital organs, removal is performed on any day of the cycle, without waiting for menstruation.

IUD removal

The extraction procedure is painless. If the tendrils of the IUD are in place, then anesthesia is not performed. The doctor removes the spiral by pulling on them.

The procedure is carried out as follows:

1. The patient lies on a gynecological chair.
2. The doctor examines the vagina with the help of mirrors.
3. Under the control of mirrors, the gynecologist grabs the tendrils of the spiral with forceps or tweezers and pulls them.
4. After removing the spiral, the doctor sanitizes the vagina.

Reference! The spiral is removed without difficulty. Together with it, a small amount of blood (liquid or clots) comes out.

If the tendrils of the spiral are not preserved or it has grown into the endometrium or myometrium (the muscular wall of the uterus), the removal is carried out using an endoscopic hysteroscope device under local anesthesia. This procedure is also carried out with complicated removal of the IUD with preserved antennae. Extraction is considered complicated if the spiral does not come out when pulling on the threads or the patient feels significant pain of a pulling nature.

Reference! After removal of the ingrown spiral, the endometrium is also scraped.

rehabilitation period

On average, the rehabilitation period lasts about 2 weeks. If the spiral was removed ahead of schedule for medical reasons, it may increase. For several days after the procedure, vaginal discharge will be observed, which during this period should brighten and acquire a serous-mucous character.

During the recovery period, you can not:

• Have sex for a week.
• Lift weights for 1-2 weeks.

Within 2-3 months after the removal of the IUD, you should refrain from hot baths and visiting baths.

After removing the spiral, especially early, there may be a delay in menstruation. However, the delay should not exceed 2 weeks. A longer delay may be due to:

• The age of the patient.
• Long period of use of the spiral.

Reference! During the first period from the day of the procedure, do not use tampons.

Usually, menstrual bleeding after removal of the IUD is quite scarce, as the body adapts to "life without a helix." The "pre-spiral" cycle is restored within 3 months. If heavy menstrual bleeding is observed after the removal of the IUD, you should consult a doctor. They may be due to non-pathological hormonal changes: the spiral affects the functioning of the ovaries and the maturation of eggs, after its removal, the body recovers. However, heavy menstrual bleeding can also indicate:

• about damage to the endometrium,
• the development of inflammatory processes,
• thinning of the endometrium
• somatic diseases,
• stress.

If the delay exceeds 2 weeks, you should consult a doctor. With normal recovery after the removal of the IUD, the gynecologist should be visited one month after the procedure.

Possible Complications

In most cases, there are no complications after the removal of the spiral. However, if it was removed due to the presence of pathologies, bleeding or pain may occur.

After removal of the Mirena spiral, which contains hormones, endometrial growth may be observed after a few months. The IUD inhibits the activity of such processes, therefore, if it is present, they do not develop. But if violations are present, they may appear after extraction. Therefore, during this period, patients who used Mirena should be observed by a doctor.

Insertion and removal of the intrauterine device

If you are looking for a reliable method of contraception that does not require your attention and lasts for a long time, the French Clinic Medical Center can help you find it. We can install an intrauterine device (IUD, also called an intrauterine device). This is a small, flexible device that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy for 3 to 5 years.

How effective is this method of contraception?

The IUD provides protection against unwanted pregnancies in 90-97% of cases. It is a long-term, reliable and comfortable method of contraception that does not interfere with full-fledged sex life. After installation, you will need to come to the gynecologist for a checkup every six months.

The IUD works constantly, regardless of the day of the cycle. If you want to conceive a child, you must consult a doctor to remove the drug and subsequently plan a pregnancy.

What spirals do we use

For long-term contraception, we install modern IUDs, which have a composition that is safe for the body and rarely cause complications. If you have disorders that require hormonal correction, the doctor will select a special type with a hormone-containing capsule. For the prevention of inflammation, IUDs with silver and copper elements are used, which have a local antiseptic effect.

How the method works

When the spiral is in the uterus, the body reacts to it as if it were a foreign body that got inside. Lymphocytes and other blood cells begin to accumulate around, responsible for the fight against pathogenic bacteria and foreign particles. They inhibit the activity of spermatozoa. The risk of fertilization of the egg drops sharply. Even if the egg is fertilized, it cannot be fixed on the wall of the uterus, due to the mechanical barrier of the spiral.

When is this method of contraception suitable for you?

An intrauterine device is great if you have one permanent and reliable sexual partner. It is important to know that the IUD does not protect against sexually transmitted infections. If you have recently given birth to a child, installation is possible already 3 months after childbirth, during breastfeeding. The device does not affect lactation. It is completely safe for you and your baby.

What procedures are needed for examination

To exclude contraindications and choose the most suitable model, you will be prescribed:

• bacterioscopy of a smear from the vagina;
• blood and urine tests;
• blood tests for syphilis, HIV and hepatitis B;
• Ultrasound of the pelvis.

• oncological diseases of the body and cervix
• precancerous condition of the cervix (dysplasia);
• inflammation of the cervix;
• polyps, endometrial hyperplasia (growth of the uterine mucosa);
• inflammation of the uterus and appendages;
• uterine bleeding of unknown cause;
• multiple uterine fibroids that deform its cavity;
• hypersensitivity to components and their intolerance;
• previous ectopic pregnancy.

If during the examination you have found inflammation, erosion or infection, you can install the remedy only after treatment - at least six months later, provided there are no signs of diseases and clean tests.

How is the installation

The intrauterine device is installed by a gynecologist. The procedure is absolutely painless, safe and takes place under sterile conditions. If you have hypersensitivity, local anesthesia will be done before installation.

A month after the installation, you need to come to the gynecologist for an examination so that the doctor makes sure that the IUD is correctly located in the uterus. Then it is necessary to check whether the device is in place during each visit to the gynecologist. The recommended regularity of inspections is once every six months.

When to remove an IUD

The intrauterine device can be removed at your request if you want to conceive a child, or after the expiration date of the spiral (from 3 to 5 years, according to the manufacturer's recommendations). In some cases, there are medical indications for removal:

• device displacement;
• inflammation of the uterus and appendages, tumor (myoma);
• oncological diseases;
• perforation of the uterus;
• the onset of menopause.

As a rule, the removal is carried out under local anesthesia. But if the coil has moved inside the uterus, and the control threads are not visible, the device will be removed under general anesthesia through the cervix. In our clinic, we use the method of hysteroscopy for this. This is a minimally invasive surgical intervention, fast and non-traumatic.

Popular questions

1. Can I remove the coil myself?

Self-removal is strictly contraindicated. With an inept approach, the spiral can injure the cervix or cause other complications, so only a doctor should carry out the procedure.

2. On what day of the cycle is it better to come to the installation?

The most suitable days are 4-8 from the beginning of menstruation. During this period, the cervix is ​​slightly open, and the procedure is more comfortable and faster.

3. If the installed coil has shifted, can it be replaced with another one?

Yes, when the IUD is displaced, it is removed and replaced with a new one. If the device has moved due to the wrong shape or size, the doctor will select another model.

How to install an IUD (intrauterine device)

Insertion of the IUD ensures the absence of pregnancy due to the fact that the egg is not fertilized, because it quickly moves through the fallopian tubes and enters the uterine cavity in an underdeveloped state. If for some reason pregnancy has occurred, the installed spiral prevents the implantation of the embryo. Conception with an IUD is impossible due to the special materials that are used to make the spiral or the presence of hormonal agents in it that reduce the activity of spermatozoa. In addition, the intrauterine device forms a special air plug, which makes it difficult for the seminal fluid to penetrate into the uterine cavity.

There are more than 50 types of IUDs. Most best option an intrauterine contraceptive device is selected by the doctor after a thorough gynecological examination and the patient undergoing an appropriate examination. The choice of IUD for each woman is determined individually, taking into account the characteristics and condition of her body.

There are three most common forms of intrauterine devices:

• in the form of a ring;
• T-shaped;
• S-shaped.

The introduction of an IUD (intrauterine device) is a surgical procedure that involves the installation of a contraceptive in the uterine cavity in order to prevent pregnancy not only in women who have given birth, but also in nulliparous women. The intrauterine device is one of the most effective means contraception. The indisputable advantages of this contraceptive include a long period of action (5-10 years) and high efficiency rates (80-95%). The intrauterine device can be removed at any time. The onset of pregnancy after its removal is possible within a year.

For the manufacture of the IUD, silver, copper or gold is used.

Contraindications to the introduction of the IUD

The installation of an intrauterine contraceptive device is not carried out in the presence of the following pathological changes and diseases:

• Inflammatory and infectious diseases pelvic organs in the acute stage;
• Venereal diseases;
• Uterine bleeding of unknown etiology;
• Exacerbation of chronic inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs;
• Volumetric processes of the uterine cavity (fibroids), which can lead to deformities of the uterus;
• Pregnancy;
• Malignant neoplasms of the pelvic organs;
• Allergic reaction to the material from which the spiral is made;
• Anomalies of the structure and anatomical and topographic malformations, in the presence of which it is impossible to ensure the correct location of the IUD in the uterine cavity.

Preparation before inserting an intrauterine contraceptive

Before the introduction of the IUD, the patient must consult a gynecologist, undergo a gynecological examination, and also pass the necessary laboratory tests. This will determine the state of health of the patient and the presence of possible contraindications to the establishment of an intrauterine contraceptive. A detailed examination of the uterine cavity makes it possible to study the anatomical features of the organ and determine the depth to which the IUD will be installed.

Among the laboratory and clinical methods The diagnostics that the patient must undergo include:

• Vaginal smear;
• Biochemical and general examination of blood;
• Analysis for venereal pathologies;
• smear from the cervix;
• Blood for HIV, RV, hepatitis, syphilis, blood type;
• General examination of urine;
• Colposcopy;
• Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs.

In the absence of possible contraindications to the installation of an IUD, a mandatory exclusion of pregnancy should be carried out before the procedure. For this, a woman passes a special test.

The procedure for inserting a contraceptive IUD

In modern medicine, the installation of three types of intrauterine contraceptives is provided:

• The Lipps loop is one of the less effective contraceptives, rarely used;
• IUD with copper content - an improved and modified Lipps loop. This contraceptive device is more effective and easier to insert into the uterine cavity;
• The hormone-containing spiral is modern development, which increases protection against unwanted pregnancy and reduces the risk of inflammatory processes.

The introduction of one or another type of intrauterine device will depend not only on the condition and wishes of the patient, but also on his financial capabilities, since hormone-containing IUDs are more expensive than other, less effective contraceptives.

As a rule, the procedure for introducing an intrauterine device is carried out in the last days of the menstruation cycle or after it ends, since during this period the cervical canal is as open as possible. However, you can enter an intrauterine contraceptive on any day of the cycle. The procedure is performed in the clinic on an outpatient basis and does not require the patient to stay in a hospital. The installation of the IUD is carried out without the use of anesthetics. The cervix is ​​treated with an anesthetic gel. This will block pain and discomfort during manipulation.

The woman lies on the gynecological chair, as in a standard examination by a doctor, placing her legs on the holders. Then the doctor inserts a dilator into the vagina and determines the location of the uterus, after which it treats the cervix and vagina with antiseptic preparations. Using the holder, the doctor opens the cervix and holding it in this position, inserts a special tool that allows you to measure the depth of the organ. This is done in order to confirm the proportionality of the size of the IUD and the uterus.

The spiral is placed in a special tube, which is inserted into the uterine cavity and pulled back a little. This allows the helix to take the appropriate shape within the organ. The tube and holder are removed, and the “antennae” of the intrauterine contraceptive remain and should protrude slightly from the uterus. At the end of the procedure, a dilator is removed from the uterine cavity. To reduce discomfort and discomfort after the introduction of the intrauterine device, the doctor makes an anesthetic injection. The IUD installation procedure lasts no more than 10 minutes.

Consequences after the installation of the IUD

Often, after the introduction of an intrauterine contraceptive, pain may occur that resemble pain during menstruation. If there is discomfort in the lower abdomen, the patient should rest. This will allow the uterus to get used to the presence of a foreign body. The occurrence of vaginal discharge is considered normal after the installation of the IUD, provided that they do not last for a very long time. Bloody discharge after the introduction of the intrauterine device may occur periodically during the first 4-6 months, while they do not pose a danger to the patient. If the discharge has become abundant, you should consult a doctor. After the introduction of the IUD, the discharge may affect the nature and duration of the menstrual cycle, after 2-3 months the cycle should return to normal.

Features of care after the introduction of an intrauterine device

To ensure normal recovery after IUD insertion and reduce the risk of adverse complications, the patient should adhere to the following recommendations:

• Observe a long rest;
• Visit a gynecologist a month after installing a contraceptive in order to exclude its displacement;
• Return to daily activities only after the complete disappearance of pain and discomfort;
• Every month, check with your fingers the location of the “antennae” (they should be in the posterior vaginal area);
• Strictly adhere to all prescriptions of the attending doctor.

If one of the following pathological symptoms occurs, the patient should consult a doctor for emergency medical care:

• Change in the length of the "antennae" or their absence on palpation;
• Abundant and painful menstruation;
• Suspicion of pregnancy;
• Omission of the spiral from the uterine cavity;
• Increase in the cycle of menstruation;
• The appearance of signs of a sexually transmitted disease (in a partner or patient);
• Missed, short or late periods;
• Pain, bleeding during intimacy;
• Soreness or severe cramps in the lower abdomen;
• unexplained fever, chills;
• Pathological vaginal discharge;
• The presence of ulcers and various rashes on the genitals;
• Unexplained vaginal bleeding;
• Symptoms of a heart attack or stroke;
• Headaches, migraines;
• Pain, aches, muscle weakness;
• The appearance of flu-like symptoms.

The IUD is a highly effective method of contraception, which, subject to the technique and rules for installing the intrauterine device, does not bring any discomfort to the patient. Our clinic employs experienced and qualified doctors who, based on the results of complex diagnostics, will select the most optimal option for an intrauterine contraceptive and carry out high-quality and prompt installation of the IUD.

Video: Contraception. Part 7. Intrauterine devices (Mirena)

Attention! This article is posted for informational purposes only and under no circumstances is scientific material or medical advice and can not serve as a substitute for in-person consultation with a professional doctor. For diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment, please contact qualified doctors!

Installation of an intrauterine device

In our clinic, you can install and remove intrauterine device. This contraceptive is considered one of the most reliable: it blocks the implantation of a fertilized egg, preventing pregnancy. At the same time, the spiral does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases, so its use is advisable if there is a permanent sexual partner.

Types of Navy

There are hormonal and non-hormonal spirals. The former are equipped with a small container that contains levonorgestrel, a hormone that prevents conception. Getting into the blood in small doses, it increases the reliability of protection. The non-hormonal spiral acts only mechanically.

Spirals are often subdivided into "silver", "copper", "gold" - depending on what metal was used in their manufacture. There is no fundamental difference between them, however, if the patient has previously been allergic to any of these materials, it makes sense to choose a different spiral.

The IUD serves not only to prevent unwanted pregnancy, but also to prevent endometrial hyperplasia and idiopathic menorrhagia.

How is the installation of the spiral

For the procedure, choose the last day of menstruation or the day following it. At this time, the cervix is ​​dilated, so the installation does not take much time. In this case, the patient may feel slight pain in the lower abdomen, reminiscent of pain during menstruation. They disappear immediately after the procedure is completed, so there is no need for anesthesia.

Our doctors have extensive experience in insertion and removal of the IUD, so the procedure takes no more than 10 minutes. Delicate actions of the gynecologist are a guarantee that the patient will not feel discomfort. After installing the spiral, the doctor issues recommendations for the coming weeks.

6 important facts about the removal of the IUD and the consequences of removing the coil

Despite the obvious advantages of the IUD (convenience, economy, efficiency, long-term use), there is still a need to remove it. And the closer the day of the scheduled procedure, the more fear and anxiety a woman experiences: does it hurt, how does it happen, are there any complications?

Reasons for coil removal

Photo: T-shaped intrauterine device

Basically, the life of the intrauterine device is from 3 - 5 to 10 and even 15 years. It depends on the type and composition of the spiral: copper-containing IUDs serve less (3-5 years), spirals containing silver and hormones are suitable for 5-7 years, and contraceptives with gold are allowed to use 10-15 years if there are no contraindications.

IUD removal: indications

Removal of the intrauterine device is performed according to the following indications:

1. Expiration date. At the end of its service life, the contraceptive effect of the product is reduced and it is removed.
2. At the request of a woman. This may be due to the fact that the woman decided to become pregnant and give birth to a child, or she is not satisfied with this method of contraception (“did not fit”).
3. There was a displacement of the IUD in the uterine cavity or its partial prolapse (expulsion). In this case, a woman may feel discomfort, a tingling sensation, or notice that the antennae of the spiral have become somewhat longer. In such a situation, there is no guarantee of effective contraception. Therefore, the fallen out spiral should be removed and a new one installed.
4. The onset of pregnancy against the background of the use of an intrauterine contraceptive. Unfortunately, such situations do occur. And it happens more often ectopic pregnancies. Removal of the spiral is mandatory both in the case of uterine and ectopic pregnancy.
5. At menopause. A year after the last menstruation, the spiral is removed as unnecessary with menopause.
6. For medical reasons. When pain, bleeding, the development of inflammation in the uterus and appendages, as well as the development or growth of a benign tumor of the uterus (fibroids) against the background of the use of a contraceptive, it must be removed as soon as possible.

It should be noted that small uterine fibroids themselves are not a contraindication for IUD insertion. IN this case the doctor will recommend a spiral with a progestogen.

But if the uterine fibroids first appeared on the background of the IUD or began to grow, then the contraceptive should be removed as soon as possible.

Who and how is the removal

As a rule, the spiral is removed from the uterus in a small operating room for antenatal clinics or a gynecological hospital. The procedure is carried out by a qualified gynecologist in compliance with all the rules of asepsis and antisepsis.

How is the spiral removed in women?

Before starting the manipulation, the doctor conducts a gynecological examination of the patient. After a vaginal examination, the cervix is ​​exposed with special mirrors and treated with any antiseptic solution. Then the control threads of the contraceptive are captured by a medical instrument - forceps or tweezers, and slowly sipping, the spiral is pulled out of the uterus.

If a woman had no complications and an inflammatory process while wearing an IUD, then there are no problems during extraction. The procedure is simple and painless.

At the time of removal, the spiral threads may break off. In this case, the doctor will pull out the spiral with a special hook. It is better if this happens under the control of ultrasound.

There are situations when an intrauterine contraceptive grows into the wall of the uterus (usually this happens when the service life is missed) and it is not possible to remove it in the usual way. Then the removal of the IUD is carried out in a gynecological hospital under intravenous anesthesia using diagnostic curettage of the uterine cavity or using a medical optical device - a hysteroscope.

If it is impossible to remove the IUD through the cervical canal (this happens when it is atresia or fusion), they resort to pulling out the helix through the abdominal cavity using laparoscopic methods under general anesthesia.

After the operation to remove the IUD, a course of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapy is prescribed, an ultrasound of the pelvic organs is performed.

How long does the procedure take? Is anesthesia needed?

It should be noted that the introduction of a spiral process is more painful and time-consuming than its removal.

In the absence of complications, the correct location of the IUD in the uterine cavity, the presence of control threads, the procedure takes several minutes, is simple and almost painless.

Pain threshold is different for each person. And if a woman experiences a panic fear of the upcoming procedure, she can take an anesthetic (analgin, ketorol, but - shpu). A doctor with a low pain threshold may use local anesthesia in the form of lidocaine spray.

What examinations are necessary before the removal procedure

Before the procedure, the same tests and a similar examination are required as when installing the VC: general analysis blood and urine, smear on the microflora of the vagina. It is advisable to undergo an ultrasound of the uterus and colposcopy.

When is the IUD removed?

There is no clearly defined time frame for removing the contraceptive. You can remove it at any time in a woman's life that she sees fit.

Experts recommend removing the spiral during menstruation, because during this period the external pharynx of the cervix is ​​\u200b\u200bopened and extraction occurs more gently and painlessly. Most auspicious days for manipulation, the first and last days of menstruation are considered, when the discharge is not so plentiful. However, compliance with this condition is not mandatory and, if necessary, the spiral can be removed on any day of the menstrual cycle, including before and after menstruation.

If a woman is healthy and has no contraindications, then a new spiral can be inserted immediately after the previous one is removed. Rest breaks are not required.

Pregnancy after a spiral

Intrauterine contraception does not affect subsequent pregnancies. If a woman decides to have a baby and has no health problems, then pregnancy occurs almost immediately after the removal of the spiral. In rare cases, if complications (for example, endometritis) develop against the background of a standing contraceptive, the gynecologist will advise you to refrain from conception until the inflammation is cured. After recovery, you can safely get pregnant.

But still it is better to postpone pregnancy planning for 2-3 months. This time is necessary for the complete restoration of the uterine mucosa, where, after fertilization, the fetal egg will be implanted. It will be advisable before conception and taking vitamin preparations.

Possible Complications

The most common complications:

• chronic endometritis;
• inflammation in the uterine appendages;
• bleeding.

Acceptable and short-term symptoms after removing the intrauterine contraceptive may include:

• muscle cramps in the abdomen;
• moderate pain in the pelvic area;
• slight spotting;
• aching (as with menstruation) pain in the lower abdomen.

These symptoms are not pathological, do not require a visit to the doctor and special treatment.

What rules to follow after removal

• sexual rest;
• limit heavy physical activity;
• observe intimate hygiene;
• refuse to visit the sauna or bath;
• do not use tampons;
• do not douche.

It must be remembered that the presence of a foreign body in the uterine cavity and its long-term wearing is much more terrible and dangerous than the procedure for removing it. female body very fragile and does not tolerate rough handling. Therefore, if the presence of a spiral causes discomfort and inconvenience, there is no need to wait for the end of its service life. It is best to consult a doctor for advice as soon as possible.

If a woman wants to control her reproductive sphere, the task of a gynecologist is to provide her with contraceptives that have the least side effects. Intrauterine devices fully comply with these requirements.

Types of spirals

The intrauterine device is the best method of contraception for women who have given birth and have one permanent partner. The contraceptive effect is built on the accelerated advancement of a fertilized egg through the fallopian tubes, as a result of which it does not have time to mature. It is also believed that the use of this remedy inhibits the movement of sperm from the vagina into the fallopian tubes and prevents the introduction of the egg into the uterine wall. According to the principle of operation of the spiral are divided:

Neutral IUDs belong to the first generation and are made from medical grade plastic. In modern gynecological practice, they are not used due to low efficiency and high risk of complications.

Medical ones have a plastic base with the addition of a hormone, silver, gold, copper-containing threads that have an antiseptic effect. Their effectiveness is quite high 96-98%, they do not affect the activity of the ovaries, do not suppress ovulation. In addition to the contraceptive effect, IUDs, which include progestin, have healing properties.

How long is the spiral installed?

The IUD is a long-term method of contraception. Experts recommend removing the coil after 3-4 years of use. The validity period largely depends on the type and composition. Multiload is used for no more than 5 years, Copper-T is characterized by a long period of use up to 8 years, hormone-containing spirals (Mirena) are installed for 5-7 years. At the request of the woman, the spiral can be removed at any time. Early withdrawal is necessary in the following cases:

To prevent the development of complications, at the end of the service life of the IUD must be removed, since by this time their contraceptive effect is reduced.

When to plan pregnancy?

It is allowed to plan a pregnancy after the removal of the spiral in 2-3 months. During the extraction of the IUD, trauma to the endometrium occurs. It takes time to recover. Damage to the uterine lining prevents implantation and causes miscarriage. During this period, maintaining a pregnancy can be problematic.

How long can I get pregnant after IUD removal?

After removing the usual spiral, the possibility of conception is fully preserved. How soon pregnancy occurs depends on many factors: the state of the woman's reproductive system, how long used a contraceptive. If a woman is completely healthy, pregnancy immediately after the removal of the IUD is quite real and may occur as early as the first cycle.

A little differently, the situation is with therapeutic IUDs. Pregnancy after removal of the hormone-containing Mirena coil, in the first 2 months after extraction is unlikely. As with the abolition of other hormonal contraceptives, the body needs time to recover. Under the influence of medicinal elements, the ovaries reduce the production of their own hormones, so the cycle of egg formation is disrupted. A woman may not ovulate at first.

The spiral affects the endometrium, its layer becomes thinner. Under normal conditions, the mucous membrane grows, is saturated with glycogen and other nutrients necessary for the fetal egg.

Note!

Statistics show that within 1 year after the removal of the spiral, pregnancy occurs in 90-95% of women, within 6 months in 50% and in the first 3 months in 15-20%.

When deciding on the birth of a child during this period, it should be remembered that while in the uterus, the spiral has not only a contraceptive effect, but also affects the reproductive function. Early conception is a huge risk for the mother and for the unborn child.

How to behave after the removal of the IUD?

Gynecologists recommend not to resume sexual activity immediately after removing the contraceptive. Even if there were no complications during removal, microtraumas remain on the mucosa. They are potential gateways for infection. Within 5-7 days after the removal of the spiral, you can not use tampons, take hot baths, steam in the bath. You should follow the rules of personal hygiene as often as possible.

For a successful pregnancy after removal of the IUD, a woman must follow all the doctor's recommendations, give up bad habits, and avoid stress. In this case, the chances of a successful conception and the birth of a healthy child are doubled.

Many women choose the intrauterine device as a method of contraception. This is a fairly reliable and convenient way to protect against unwanted pregnancy. But after a while, when the opportunity and desire to have a child arises, the question arises: how to get pregnant after a spiral. Sometimes the IUD causes problems with conception.

How the Navy works

An IUD is a foreign object that, being in the uterine cavity, prevents the fetal egg from attaching to the uterus. If the spiral lasts for a long time, then conception can become problematic, because its effect on the reproductive organs is quite large.

The Navy is definitely convenient. But only when the spiral was installed by an experienced doctor in a clinic in right time. It is important that a woman is gynecologically healthy.

If any of the conditions for the correct installation of the device were violated, then there is a high risk of complications even before pregnancy occurs. These include Great chance inflammatory processes and infectious diseases.

This contraceptive can only be used by absolutely healthy women.

There are a number of contraindications for the use of a spiral:

• Various inflammatory processes of the reproductive system;
• Any neoplasms;
• Presence of sexually transmitted diseases;
• Congenital malformations of the uterus;
• Severe uterine bleeding of unknown origin;
• Allergy to copper and its alloys;
• The presence of fibroids or polyps;
• Young age. Since the reproductive system of girls is not yet fully formed, the spiral can cause irreversible consequences in the development of the uterus;

Doctors recommend using this remedy for women who already have a child.

These recommendations are not unfounded, since the spiral slightly opens the entrance to the uterus, which contributes to the penetration of sexually transmitted infections. Therefore, after using the spiral, you may encounter difficulties in conceiving.

When can I get pregnant after removing the spiral

So is it possible to get pregnant after the spiral and how will the pregnancy proceed? These questions are often asked by women who have decided to become a mother.

Statistics say that most women after the removal of the IUD conceived safely and gave birth to a healthy child. Subject to all the doctor's recommendations, pregnancy can occur within a year after the removal of the contraceptive.

But some expectant mothers want to get pregnant quickly after removing the spiral.

The likelihood of a rapid onset of pregnancy depends on several factors.

First of all, you need to consider how long the spiral was in the uterine cavity. The state of the reproductive system of a woman and the whole organism depends on this.

There are several negative effects of the IUD in a woman's body:

• Remains of chemical compounds and hormones (if the spiral is hormonal);
• Inflammatory processes associated with the presence of a foreign object in the uterus;
• Microdamage to the walls and mucous membrane of the uterus.

Therefore, before deciding to plan a conception, you need to visit a gynecologist who, after a thorough examination, will decide whether it is possible to plan conception after a spiral or a course of treatment is necessary.

Possible problems

If the walls of the uterus have microdamages, the doctor will prescribe special drugs that will contribute to its rapid recovery. In the event that a woman neglects the recommendations of a doctor and pregnancy occurs immediately after the removal of the IUD, this threatens to miscarry. Although in medical practice there are cases when women became pregnant even during the established contraceptive, and the bearing of the child ended in the safe birth of a healthy baby.

In any case, in order to be sure that conception will occur, and gestation will take place without complications, you should use the advice of gynecologists.

• Sexual life is better to start two weeks after the contraceptive is removed. Since this procedure is quite painful and is performed during menstruation, it is associated with large blood loss. Moreover, the uterine mucosa will receive additional microdamages, which is fraught with the occurrence of inflammatory processes.
• If the intrauterine device, which contains metals in its composition, is removed, it is worth starting pregnancy attempts after 3-4 months. If this rule is violated, conception may not occur at all or end in a miscarriage.
• When hormone-containing coils are removed, it will take at least six months to fully restore the body. This is due to the fact that they interfered with the production of eggs and thinned the endometrium. Therefore, more time is needed to restore the normal function of the ovaries and endometrium.

Medical statistics show that most women become pregnant within a year. However, each organism is individual, and often conception occurs immediately after removal of the IUD or within three months. In any case, do not rush into such an important event. It is better to play it safe and give the body time to fully recover.

Difficulties with conception

Despite the optimistic forecasts of doctors, on the forums you can increasingly find questions from women: “I can’t get pregnant after the spiral! What to do?"

Why the long-awaited pregnancy does not occur and how to correct the situation?

Most often, such causes are identified that disrupt the entire reproductive system:

• Violation of the hormonal system and failure of the menstrual cycle;
• Inflammatory processes in the uterus;
• Wasting and inflammation of the endometrium. It can happen for two reasons:

1. The gynecologist made a mistake when removing the spiral;
2. The woman did not follow the rules of personal hygiene for the first two weeks after the removal of the spiral.

Inflammatory processes are manifested by sharp and severe pains in the lower abdomen, bloody or purulent discharge, general malaise and fever may occur. In this case, you need to urgently visit a doctor.

So, it is possible to become pregnant after the removal of the spiral after a thorough medical examination has been carried out, and the woman has been observed by a gynecologist at least twice a year.

Knowing why conception may not occur, a woman can significantly increase her chances of pregnancy.

In order to prevent the “I don’t want” situation from turning into “I can’t”, doctors recommend using the spiral as a contraceptive only for those women who no longer plan to give birth. If for some reason it is necessary to use it, you need to take care of choosing a competent professional to install it.

An experienced doctor will tell you which type of IUD is right for you, and what consequences are possible after using it.

After the spiral has been removed, use the advice of experienced gynecologists during the recovery period of the reproductive system.

• Help your body recover with the help of multivitamin "female" complexes. Besides the fact that they will have a general strengthening effect, folic acid, which is part of them, will help prevent the development of pathologies of the neural tube in the embryo.
• Forget about bad habits. Alcohol and nicotine not only do not contribute to health, but also prevent the egg from being fertilized, affect the development of various fetal pathologies.
• Watch your weight. This advice applies not only to overweight women, but also to very thin ones. Make a balanced diet, start exercising.
• Avoid stressful situations and overwork.
• After the doctor considers that your body is ready, calculate the time for conception. Spermatozoa are most active in early spring and late autumn.

So, despite the fact that the IUD is a reliable method of contraception, its use can cause serious changes in the functioning of the female reproductive system. Whether it can be used or not, the woman herself must decide, taking into account all the consequences of this method of contraception.

Competently: commentary of an obstetrician-gynecologist

Obstetrician-gynecologist Elena Artemyeva answers the patients' questions.

How quickly can you get pregnant after removing the coil? I heard that the uterus must first "rest." After removing the coil, I had an unprotected PA, and now I am seeing signs of pregnancy. Could I have gotten pregnant that fast?

- Everything is possible, sometimes after removing the spiral, pregnancy occurs immediately, in the very first cycle. And sometimes it’s not possible to get pregnant for a long time due to the inflammatory process in the uterus.

- After the spiral, the cycle became irregular. Why could this happen?

- The spiral does not change the menstrual cycle. I advise to address to the gynecologist and the endocrinologist.

- I removed the Navy 10 months ago. I want to get pregnant, but so far I can't.

“It could be the result of wearing a helix. Pregnancy will come when the endometrium is restored. If there is no pregnancy within a year, it is necessary to be examined (pass an ultrasound scan, take tests for hormones and infections). I recommend to clarify the state of the endometrium - are there any signs of chronic endometritis.