Portrait of Moritz for children in good quality. Yunna Moritz - biography, information, personal life

In 1954, Moritz graduated from school in Kyiv and entered the extramural Faculty of Philology, Kyiv University.

In 1955, she entered the full-time poetry department of the Literary Institute in Moscow, from which she graduated in 1961.

Yunna Moritz's poems were first published in the magazine "Soviet Ukraine" in 1955. In 1957, the first collection of her poems, “Conversation about Happiness,” was published in Kyiv.

In 1961, the poetess’s first book, “Cape Zhelaniya” (named after the cape on Novaya Zemlya), was published in Moscow, based on her impressions of a trip to the Arctic, which she undertook in the fall of 1956 on the icebreaker “Sedov”.

For the poems" Fist fight" and "In Memory of Titian Tabidze" (1962) Yunna Moritz was blacklisted by publishers and censors, so her next book of poems, "The Vine", was published only nine years later - in 1970. In 1963, in the magazine "Youth" in under the heading “For younger brothers and sisters” she managed to publish a series of poems for children.

From 1970 to 1990, Moritz published books of lyrics “A Harsh Thread”, “In the Light of Life”, “The Third Eye”, “Favorites”, “Blue Fire”, “On This High Shore”, “In the Lair of a Voice”.

From 1990 to 2000, her poems were not published. In the 2000s, poetry collections “Face” (2000), “In this way” (2000, 2001), “According to the law - hello to the postman” (2005, 2006) were published. The books included graphics and paintings by the poetess, which Moritz herself considers not illustrations, but poems in the language of painting.

Since 1985, Moritz has conducted author evenings at international poetry festivals in London, Cambridge, Rotterdam, Toronto, and Philadelphia. Her poems have been translated into all European languages, as well as Japanese, Turkish and Chinese.

In addition to poetry, Moritz writes stories and does translations. Her cycle of short prose “Stories about the Miraculous,” published in the magazine “October”, “Literary Gazette” and abroad, was published as a separate book in 2008.

In the 1990s, Junna Moritz took part in political life Russia, was a member of radical democratic movements, and made political comments on Radio Liberty.

Yunna Moritz. In 2004, “for the civil courage of the writer,” she was awarded the A.D. Sakharov.

In 2011, the poetess was awarded in the field of culture.

Yunna Moritz's son, Dmitry Glinsky (Vasiliev), created a youth cadet organization - the Young Russia Union - in 1990. In 2002, he served as deputy director of the Institute for Globalization Problems. Currently, he is a member of the Commission on Jewish People at the UJA-Federation of NY (since 2009) and the Commission on Immigration Issues of the New York Branch of the American Jewish Committee (since 2011), founder and president of the Russian-speaking Public Council of Manhattan and the Bronx.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Poet, screenwriter.

As Moritz says, “in the year of my birth, my father was arrested on a slanderous denunciation, after several tortured months he was considered innocent, he returned, but quickly began to go blind. My father's blindness had an enormous impact on the development of my inner vision."
In 1954 she graduated from school in Kyiv and entered the philological faculty of Kyiv University. By this time, the first publications in periodicals appeared.

In 1955 she entered the full-time poetry department of the Literary Institute. A. M. Gorky in Moscow and graduated in 1961, despite the fact that in 1957 she was expelled from there along with Gennady Aigi for “unhealthy moods in creativity.”

In 1961, the poetess’s first book, “Cape Zhelaniya” (named after the cape on Novaya Zemlya), was published in Moscow, based on her impressions of a trip to the Arctic on the icebreaker “Sedov” in the summer of 1956.

Her books were not published (for the poems “Fist Fight” and “In Memory of Titian Tabidze”) from 1961 to 1970 and from 1990 to 2000.

But her “pure lyricism of resistance,” stated in the book “By the Law - Hello to the Postman,” is open to a wide range of attentive readers, and the space of this resistance is enormous along all radii. To the highest values - human life and human dignity - are dedicated to the poem “The Star of Serbia” (about the bombing of Belgrade), which was published in the book “Face”, as well as the cycle of short prose “Stories about the Miraculous” (published in “October”, in the “Literary Gazette”, and abroad , and now they have come out as a separate book - “Stories about the Miraculous”).

Yunna Moritz says about her literary teachers and passions: “My contemporary was always Pushkin, my closest companions were Pasternak, Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva, Mandelstam, Zabolotsky, and my teachers were Andrei Platonov and Thomas Mann.”

Moritz's language is always natural, devoid of any false pathos. The richness of colors, the use of precise rhymes mixed with assonance - this is what distinguishes Moritz's poetry. Repetitions often sound like spells, metaphors open up ever new possibilities for the interpretation of her poems, in which she tries to penetrate into the essence of existence.

Yunna Moritz is the author of poetry books, including “In the Lair of the Voice” (1990), “The Face” (2000), “Thus” (2000), “According to the Law - Hello to the Postman!” (2005), as well as books of poetry for children (“A Big Secret for a Small Company” (1987), “Bouquet of Cats” (1997)). Many songs have been written based on the poems of Yunna Moritz.
Her poems have been translated into European languages, as well as Japanese and Chinese.

prizes and awards

A.D. Sakharov Prize - “for the civil courage of the writer.”
Prize "Triumph" (Russia).
Golden Rose Award (Italy).
National award "Book of the Year" (within the framework of the International Moscow Book Exhibition-Fair) in the nomination "Poetry - 2005".
A. A. Delvig Prize - 2006.
National award "Book of the Year" (within the framework of the International Moscow Book Exhibition-Fair) in the nomination "Together with the book we grow - 2008"..
Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation (December 26, 2011) - for the book “The Roof Was Driving Home.”

Date of Birth: 02.06.1937

Soviet, Russian poet. Known mainly for her poems for children. Ruthless in her assessment of people and events, Yu. Moritz always remained an “inconvenient” poet for both the authorities and the “cultural elite.”

Yunna Petrovna (Pinkhusovna) Moritz was born on June 2, 1937 in Kyiv. Yuna's father got two higher education: engineering and legal, worked as an engineer on transport lines. Mother graduated from high school before the revolution, gave lessons in French and mathematics, worked in the arts, as a nurse in a hospital, and in other jobs, even as a woodcutter.

The year Yunna was born, her father was arrested, released a few months later, but after the torture he suffered, he quickly began to go blind. According to the poetess, her father’s blindness had an extraordinary impact on the development of her inner vision. During the war, Yunna's family was evacuated to Chelyabinsk, where her father worked at a military plant; in 1945, Yunna returned to Kyiv.

In 1954 she graduated from school in Kyiv and entered the philological faculty of Kyiv University. By this time, the first publications in periodicals appeared.

In 1955 she entered the full-time poetry department of the Literary Institute. A. M. Gorky in Moscow. In 1957, she was expelled from there for one year with a probationary period, along with G. Aigi and B. Akhmadulina, for “an increase in unhealthy moods in creativity.” Yunna recovered at the institute and graduated in 1961.

In 1961, the poetess’s first book, “Cape Zhelaniya” (named after the cape on Novaya Zemlya), was published in Moscow, based on her impressions of a trip to the Arctic on the icebreaker “Sedov” in the summer of 1956. The book had difficulty getting into print. In 1963, the magazine "" published a poem by Moritz dedicated to the memory of Titian Tabidze, which, according to Yevtushenko's commentary, "caused anger in the Central Committee, but many liberals did not really like it for its harshness." As a result, Yu. Moritz was included in the “black lists” for publishers and censorship and was not published until 1970.

At this time, the poetess (or Poetka, as she calls herself) turned to children's poetry, since “children's” poems were not subject to such strict censorship and could be published. Her poems gained popularity, many were set to music and filmed in animation. Before perestroika, the poetess was classified as “not allowed to travel abroad,” and only after 1985 did she begin to travel abroad.

Since 1970, censorship has weakened its attention to J. Moritz and from 1970 to 1990 8 books of Moritz's lyrics were published. after which it was not published again for 10 years. With her characteristic sense of humor, Yu. Moritz says about this: “For ten years I have not published books under the regime, I won’t say who.” Only in 2000, new books by Moritz began to be published, for which she herself drew drawings that are not illustrations. The poetess herself defines them as “such poems, in such a language.”

Y. Moritz always preferred to be outside the literary “get-together”, the cultural “mainstream”, outside the “social order”. She calls herself a “poet in its purest form” and does not allow “no bullshit in any package” to be imposed on her, which, according to Moritz, includes the “cultural elite” and “other literature.”

(When compiling the biography, materials from the official website of Yu. Moritz were used).

The difficult character of J. Moritz manifested itself already in his youth. E. Yevtushenko tells how at one of the student parties, 18-year-old Yu. Moritz literally said the following: “The revolution is dead, and its corpse stinks” (this was 1956)

Yunna Moritz refuses to be published in anthologies of “women’s poetry,” “since not a single cretin has yet thought of anthologies of “men’s poetry”.”

Despite his advanced age, J. Moritz sometimes writes very “non-classical” poetry. Here are the titles of the poems from her cycle “Highly Intensive Signals”: ​​“Urona and Tsilisa (sabnya)”, “Yuh knows what!..”, “Leaf Fall”, “Culmination (instantaneous)”.

There is an extensive “Bibliography of Yunna Moritz”, compiled by a scientific researcher from St. Petersburg and Tartu and imposed on libraries in Russia and abroad. This “bibliography” cannot be used in any way, since it includes the works of Yu. Moritz, who most often published articles and reviews in the republics Central Asia, as well as other Yu. Moritz, including even the Hungarian classic Zsigmond Moritz.

Writer's Awards

"Golden Rose" (Italy)
" " (2000)
Named after A.D. Sakharov (2004)
Moscow Book Fair in the category "Book of the Year" (2005)
Name A. Delvig (2006)
"Together with the book we grow" (2008)

One of the outstanding poets of our time can rightfully be called Yunna Moritz, whose work was and continues to be the very embodiment of sensitivity. Poems full of genuine perception of reality have been translated into many languages ​​of the world. The biography of the poetess is saturated with troubles brought by her very year of birth. However, none of the hardships of fate could break Yunna’s spirit. Having overcome everything that was destined for her by chance, Moritz found her true destiny and for many decades she has been delighting not only Russian audiences with her poems, but also foreign admirers. The years of ban on the publication of her work were compensated for at a time when people gained freedom of speech and creativity.

Themes of Yunna Moritz's poems:

The directions in Moritz's work once again prove her undoubted talent. During the years of oppression, she develops as a children's poetess. Her poems, filled with instructions that are easy to understand for the younger generation, also surprise older individuals, many of whom leave their favorite lines in their memory and happily re-read them later. Moritz's lyrical works were written in best traditions classical performance. Her poetic style does not allow pathos, giving preference to precise rhymes and allegories.

Biography………………………………………………………………………………….3

Creativity…………………………………………………………………………………6

Poems for children…………………………………………………………………...8

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………….11

List of references………………………………………………………...12

Appendix 1 – Covers of published books by Yunna Moritz…………………..13

Appendix 2 – Photos of Yunna Moritz…………………………………..15

Biography

...It will remind you that the soul is
...Not a measure, but an excess,
...And that talent is not a mixture
...Everything that people love,
...And the worst thing is
...And the best that will happen. . .

(c) Yunna Moritz

Yunna Petrovna (Pinkhusovna) Moritz was born on June 2, 1937 in Kyiv. In the same year, her father was arrested, released a few months later, but after the torture he suffered, he quickly began to go blind. According to the poetess, her father’s blindness had an extraordinary impact on the development of her inner vision.

In 1954 she graduated from school in Kyiv and entered the philological faculty of Kyiv University. By this time, the first publications in periodicals appeared.

In 1955 she entered the full-time poetry department of the Literary Institute. A. M. Gorky in Moscow and graduated in 1961, despite the fact that in 1957 she was expelled from there along with Gennady Aigi for “unhealthy moods in creativity.” This was a serious “repression” with eviction from Moscow, which in 1957 was fraught with more than just “disgrace”.

In 1961, the poetess’s first book, “Cape Zhelaniya” (named after the cape on Novaya Zemlya), was published in Moscow, based on her impressions of a trip to the Arctic on the icebreaker “Sedov” in the summer of 1956.

Her books were not published (for the poems “Fist Fight” and “In Memory of Titian Tabidze”) from 1961 to 1970 (at that time there were “black lists” for publishers and censorship) and from 1990 to 2000. However, despite the ban, “Fist Fight” was published by the head of the poetry department of the magazine “Young Guard” Vladimir Tsybin, after which he was fired.

But her “pure lyricism of resistance,” stated in the book “By the Law - Hello to the Postman,” is open to a wide range of attentive readers, and the space of this resistance is enormous along all radii. The poem “The Star of Serbia” (about the bombing of Belgrade), which was published in the book “Face,” as well as the cycle of short prose “Stories about the Miraculous” (published in “October”, in the “Literary Gazette”) are dedicated to the highest values ​​- human life and human dignity. ”, and abroad, and now it has been published as a separate book - “Stories about the Miraculous”).

Her lyrical poems are written in the best traditions of classical poetry, and at the same time absolutely modern. Yunna Moritz says about her literary teachers and passions: “My contemporary was always Pushkin, my closest companions were Pasternak, Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva, Mandelstam, Zabolotsky, and my teachers were Andrei Platonov and Thomas Mann.”

She includes among her poetic circles “Blok, Khlebnikov, Homer, Dante, King Solomon - the alleged author of the Song of Songs - and the poets of Greek antiquity” (from an Interview with the Gazeta newspaper, May 31, 2004).

Moritz's language is always natural, devoid of any false pathos. The richness of colors, the use of precise rhymes interspersed with assonance - this is what distinguishes Moritz's poetry. Repetitions often sound like spells, metaphors open up ever new possibilities for the interpretation of her poems, in which she tries to penetrate into the essence of existence.

Yunna Moritz is the author of poetry books, including “In the Lair of the Voice” (1990), “The Face” (2000), “Thus” (2000), “According to the Law - Hello to the Postman!” (2005), as well as books of poetry for children (“A Big Secret for a Small Company” (1987), “Bouquet of Cats” (1997)). Many songs have been written based on the poems of Yunna Moritz.

She is a magnificent artist; her books contain hundreds of sheets of her own graphics, which are not illustrations, but “such poetry in such a language.”

Yunna Moritz's poems were translated by Lydia Pasternak, Stanley Kunitz, William Jay Smith with Vera Dunham, Thomas Whitney, Daniel Weisbort, Elaine Feinstein, Caroline Forché. Her poems have been translated into all European languages, as well as Japanese and Chinese.

Junna Moritz Awards:

1. Prize named after A. D. Sakharova - “for the civil courage of the writer”

2. Triumph Award (Russia)

3. “Golden Rose” (Italy)

4. national award “Book of the Year” (within the framework of the International Moscow Book Exhibition-Fair) in the nomination “Poetry - 2005”

5. Prize named after. A. Delviga - 2006

6. national award “Book of the Year” (within the framework of the International Moscow Book Exhibition-Fair) in the nomination “Together with the book we grow - 2008”.

Creation

The dominant feature of Moritz’s poetry is a dynamic and multidimensional comparison and comparison of life and creativity. Art is an inseparable and irreplaceable part of existence, equal in rights in relation to nature and man, not needing justification by extra-artistic goals: “About life, about life - what else? / The poet sings until he drops..."

The character of the lyrical heroine Moritz is distinguished by sharp delineation and certainty: extraordinary temperament, concentration on her main task, categorical judgments, uncompromisingness, inevitably leading to isolation. The constant antipode and opponent of the poetess, the object of sarcastic, sometimes deliberately rude attacks, is the pseudo-intelligentsia, inclined to boast of their “chosenness” and feign “spirituality.” At the same time, for simple, sincere people engaged in real work, the poetess always has both kindness and warmth: “But have you ever looked into the souls of people / Walking through the cold in tears?”

The cult of creative effort in Moritz's poetry is based on a deep belief in the inexhaustibility of human potential. The poems, which are an example of actually realized harmony, themselves convey to the reader that charge of life-creative energy, which is intended to help in following the high and severe ethical code enshrined in Moritz’s poetry.

The stylistic origins of Moritz’s poetics are in “ silver age", as evidenced by the statements of the poetess, who proposed the termite "Akhmatsvet" as a kind of "unit" of women's poetry in Russia. In Moritz’s artistic practice one can see a fruitful continuation of both traditions – Akhmatova’s (visible plasticity of figurative details, an atmosphere of mystery, harmony of composition) and Tsvetaev’s (nervous tension of intonation, lyrical maximalism, a tendency to hyperbole). To this we must add clear echoes of Blok’s poetic world (the attraction of metaphors to extreme symbolic polysemy, the oxymoronic combination of “high” and “low”). Moritz's work is a rare example of a fairly harmonious combination in an individual innovative experience of poetic impulses received from the symbolist, acmeist and futurist artistic systems.

Moritz acquired her individual and catchy poetic style already in the early 1960s, and her further creative path– more and more consistent implementation of immediately identified opportunities. In this sense, Moritz belongs to those masters whom Tsvetaeva called “poets without history”: all the poems written by Moritz over the course of forty years form a unity, strengthened by the poetess’s loyalty eternal themes life and death, love, creativity.

Yunna Moritz did a lot of poetic translations of such authors as:

· Miguel Hernandez

· Moses Teif

· Humberto Saba

· Betty Alver

· Yiannis Ritsos

· Georgos Seferis

· Konstantinos Cavafy

· Rita Bumi-Papa

Federico Garcia Lorca

· Ovsey Driz

· Riva Balyasnaya

· Aron Vergelis

· Rasul Gamzatov

· Vitaly Korotich

Poems for children

In the view of Yu. Moritz, childhood is the naked secret of the world spirit, and in childhood lies the secret of poetry. Moritz's children's poems are marked by paradox, playful humor, and unfeigned kindness. The impetus for writing children's poems was both the birth of a son and a freer atmosphere in children's publishing houses. In “children's poems, Moritz creates a paradise, where only real miracles are possible, and helps children not to part with childhood and fairy tales. Dreams and fantasy transform the real world beyond recognition, literally turning it upside down.

Epithets play an important role - “rubber” hedgehog”, “raspberry” cat. Ordinary or extravagant, they are accurate in terms of internal perception.

Moritz's poems are characterized by an inner musicality. Many poems, due to their melody, became songs (“The dog can bite”, “Rubber hedgehog”). The most important role in her artistic system is played by a refrain rare for modern poetry: repetition or variation of key lines or stanzas imparts semantic harmony to the poems and at the same time creates a magical atmosphere. The poems in their design resemble an ornament; the interweaving of images, motifs, and details mean so much in them (“Crimson Cat”).

In the poems for children by Yu. Moritz, joy dominates, sometimes festively ringing, sometimes muted and lyrical (“Bouquet of Cats”). Many children's poems give the impression of theatrical performances. The poetess opposes cliches; artistic primacy is an indispensable quality of her adult and children's poems.

1. Big secret for a small company

Under the sad moo,

Under a cheerful growl,

Is born into the world

A big secret

For the little one,

For such a small company,

For such a modest company

So huge

Oh, if only it were with someone...

Oh, if only it were with someone...

Oh, if only I could be with someone

Talk!

2. Rubber hedgehog

Through the viburnum grove,

Through the aspen grove

For the puppy's name day

In a crimson hat

A rubber hedgehog was walking

With a hole in the right side.

Visited the hedgehog

Rain umbrella

A hat and a pair of galoshes.

ladybug,

flower head

The hedgehog bowed affectionately.

Hello, Christmas trees!

What do you need needles for?

Are we the wolves around?

Shame on you!

It hurts,

When a friend bristled.

Dear bird,

Please come down -

You have lost your pen.

On the red alley

Where the maples turn red,

A find awaits you in the bureau.

The sky is radiant

The cloud is clear.

For the puppy's name day

Rubber hedgehog

He walked and whistled

A hole in the right side.

Many tracks

This hedgehog passed by.

What did he give to his friend?

He talks about this to Van

Whistling in the bath

A hole in the right side!

Bibliography

Books of poetry(Annex 1):

1. "Cape of Desire". Sov. pis. M., 1961.

2. "Vine". Sov. pis. M., 1970.

3. "A harsh thread." Sov.pis., M., 1974.

4. "In the light of life." Sov.pis., M., 1977.

5. "Third eye". Sov.pis., M., 1980.

6. "Favorites". Sov.pis., M., 1982.

7. "Blue Fire". M., Sov.pis., 1985.

8. "On this high bank." M., Sovremennik. 1987.

9. "Portrait of sound." PROVA D`AUTORE, Italy. 1989.

10. "In the Lair of the Voice." M., Moscow worker, 1990.

11. "Face". Poems. Poem. M., Russian book. 2000.

12. "In this way." Poems. St. Petersburg, "Diamond",

13. "Golden Age". 2000, 2001.

14. “According to the law - hello to the postman!” M., Vremya, 2005, 2006.

Prose:

"Stories about the miraculous." M., Vremya, 2008

Books for children “from 5 to 500 years old”:

1. "Lucky Bug" M., Publishing House "Malysh", artist I. Rublev, 1969

2. “A big secret for a small company.” M., 1987, 1990.

3. “Bouquet of cats.” M., Martin, 1997.

4. “Vanechka.” Book of acrostics. Chelyabinsk, AutoGraph. 2002.

5. “Move your ears” For children from 5 to 500 years old. M., Rosmen. 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006

6. "Tumber-Bumber." M. Publishing house "Papa Carlo", artist Evg. Antonenkov, 2008

List of used literature

1. Arzamastseva I.N., Nikolaeva S.A. Children's literature: Textbook for students. higher and Wednesday ped. textbook establishments. – M.: Publishing Center “Academy”; Higher school, 2000.

2. Book for family reading: Poems, stories, fairy tales for children Art. doshk. age: Book for parents / Comp. Z.Ya. Rez et al., eds. V.M. Loginova. – 2nd ed. – M.: Education, 1991.

3. Who is who in Russia: Reference publication. – M.: Olympus, ZAO Publishing House EKSMO-Press, 1998.

4. Reader on children's literature: Textbook for students. avg. ped. textbook establishments / Comp. I.N. Arzamastseva, E.I. Ivanova, S.A. Nikolaev. – 2nd ed., stereotype. – M.: publishing center “Academy”, 2000.

Internet resources:

5. www.owl.ru/morits/ - Official website of Yunna Morits

Annex 1

Covers of published books by Yunna Moritz

Appendix 2

Photos by Yunna Moritz